Experiments with an instrumented twin-screw extruder using a single-step granulation/extrusion process

1993 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kleinebudde ◽  
Hans Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw

Effect of different extrusion methods on physicochemical properties and qualities of noodles based on rice flour

2021 ◽  
pp. 108201322110692
Author(s):  
Nispa Seetapan ◽  
Bootsrapa Leelawat ◽  
Nattawut Limparyoon ◽  
Rattana Yooberg
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Capillary Rheometer ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermomechanical Processes

Rice noodles have been manufactured in the food industry using different extrusion methods, such as traditional and modern extrusions, which affect the noodle structure and qualities. Therefore, the effects of the extrusion process on qualities of rice noodles using the same blend of rice flour and crosslinked starch were evaluated. In this study, a capillary rheometer was used as an alternative approach to simulate the traditional extrusion method in which the noodles are obtained by continuously pressing the pregelatinized noodle dough through a die. For modern extrusion, a twin-screw extruder was employed to obtain the noodles in a one-step process. The optimal range of moisture content used in the formulation was studied. Upon cooking, the noodles showed a decrease in cooking time and cooking loss with increasing moisture content in the formulation. All cooked noodles showed comparable tensile strength, but those extruded by a twin-screw extruder had substantially greater elongation. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the noodles prepared using the extruder had a denser starch matrix, while those obtained from a capillary rheometer showed the aggregation of starch fragments relevant to the existence of starch gelatinization endotherm from differential scanning calorimetry. This indicated that the extrusion process using the twin-screw extruder provided a more uniform starch transformation, i.e., more starch granule disruption and gelatinization, thus giving the noodles a more coherent structure and better extensibility after cooking. The obtained results suggested that different thermomechanical processes used in the noodle industry gave the extruded rice noodles different qualities respective to their different microstructures.

Graft Polymerization of L-Lactide onto Cellulose in Ionic Liquid via Twin Screw Extruder

2013 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhong ◽  
Xian Tao Tong ◽  
Mu Huo Yu ◽  
Hai Feng Li ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Reactive Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw

A twin-screw extruder was used to carry out the ring opening graft polymerization of L-lactide onto cellulose through reactive extrusion process. Ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) [Bmim]Cl and Sn(oct)2 were used as solvent and catalyst, respectively. FTIR, TGA and XRD were used to investigate the structure, thermal stability and crystalline behavior of the reaction products. The result showed a successful ring opening polymerization of L-lactide on cellulose. Furthermore, it showed a increased crystalline degree and thermal stability after being introduced the PLLA.

scholarly journals Single-step reactive extrusion of PLLA in a corotating twin-screw extruder promoted by 2-ethylhexanoic acid tin(II) salt and triphenylphosphine

Polymer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 3395-3403 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jacobsen ◽  
H.G. Fritz ◽  
Ph. Degée ◽  
Ph. Dubois ◽  
R. Jérôme
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Extrusion ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw

Dry Powder Mixing Is Feasible in Continuous Twin Screw Extruder: Towards Lean Extrusion Process for Oral Solid Dosage Manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mateo-Ortiz ◽  
Vladimir Villanueva-Lopez ◽  
Shashank Venkat Muddu ◽  
Gregory D. Doddridge ◽  
Dana Alhasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Powder Mixing ◽  
Solid Dosage ◽  
Twin Screw

scholarly journals Transparent PC/PMMA Blends Via Reactive Compatibilization in a Twin-Screw Extruder

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Bubmann ◽  
Andreas Seidel ◽  
Volker Altstädt
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Reactive Compatibilization ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Pmma Blends

The effect of different catalysts on reactive compatibilization of 50/50 polycarbonate (PC)/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) blends achieved via transesterification that occurs during compounding in a twin-screw extruder was investigated on a phenomenological (optical and mechanical properties), mesoscopic (phase morphology), and molecular level (PC-graft(g)-PMMA-copolymer formation and polymer molecular weight degradation). Formation of PC-(g)-PMMA-copolymer by transesterification resulting in transparent mono-phase PC/PMMA blends with obviously improved compatibility of the two polymer constituents requires use of a suitable catalyst. As a side-effect, PC-(g)-PMMA-copolymer formation by transesterification is always accompanied by a significant simultaneous decomposition of the molecular weight (Mw) of the PC. For the first time, a colorless, transparent (mono-phase) PC/PMMA 50/50 blend was achieved by a twin-screw extrusion process that can be easily transferred into industrial scale. To achieve this milestone, 0.05 wt% of a weakly acidic phosphonium salt catalyst had to be applied. As a result of the decrease in Mw of the PC, the mechanical properties (e.g., tensile strain at break and impact strength) of the obtained blends were significantly deteriorated rather than improved as targeted by the polymer compatibilization; therefore, the produced transparent PC/PMMA blends are considered not yet technically suitable for any industrial applications. Different manufacturing process strategies that do not inherently result in PC degradation as a side effect of PC-graft(g)-PMMA-copolymer formation have to be developed to potentially achieve transparent PC/PMMA blends with a useful balance of properties. Based on the experimental observations of this study, a new mechanism of the transesterification reaction occurring during reactive compounding of PC and PMMA in the presence of the effective catalysts is proposed.

Characterization of waste tire rubber devulcanized in twin-screw extruder with thermoplastics

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Thadeu Nunes ◽  
Rubens Eduardo dos Santos ◽  
Juliene Sátiro Pereira ◽  
Rafael Barbosa ◽  
José Donato Ambrósio
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber

Waste tire rubber (WTR) supplied by a truck tire retreader were processed in an intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder (ICTSE). The extrusion process evaluated the efficiency of the thermomechanical recycling in the devulcanization of WTR rubbers. Samples were prepared by varying the process parameters, the particles sizes and thermoplastics, and the latter was used as devulcanization auxiliary agents. After extrusion, samples were subjected to solvent extraction to determine the soluble fraction (SF). Subsequently, these SF were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The highest SF (29 wt%) was obtained with higher screw rotating speed and with smaller particle size. Higher SF indicated a higher degree of devulcanization. The FTIR and DSC analyses showed that natural rubber was the main rubber extracted from extruded samples. In addition, polypropylene was more effective than low-density polyethylene in the devulcanization process, promoting higher SF.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of the oil extrusion process with pre-grinding of raw materials in a twin-screw extruder

10.5219/1436 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 937-944
Author(s):  
Mikhailo Mushtruk ◽  
Maxim Gudzenko ◽  
Igor Palamarchuk ◽  
Volodymyr Vasyliv ◽  
Natalia Slobodyanyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Pressure Force ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Energy Parameters ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Power And Energy

The extrusion process of oil-containing raw materials using a twin-screw extruder is becoming increasingly common in food technology. The problem of high energy costs for the implementation of this process is solved by reducing the resistance of the process mass due to the preliminary grinding of raw materials. The classical theory of extrusion is based mainly on the use of theoretical solutions of mathematical models of processes, which are simplified and allow determining integral parameters using coefficients, the preparation of which for the calculation of the corresponding processes and equipment is a rather complicated and approximate procedure. Mathematical modelling of the movement of the technological medium at the individual stages of the processing of raw materials allows us to determine the analytical dependences for the power and energy parameters of the system and to carry out their effective technical and economic evaluation. Using the methods of mathematical analysis and data processing in the MathCAD software environment, graphical dependences of the power and energy parameters of the research technical system were obtained. By increasing the density of the oil-containing raw materials, which is extruded in the research extruder by 40.5% the pressure force increases by 41%, that is, there is an almost proportional relationship between the pressure force and the density of the processed raw material. With an increase in the angular velocity of the drive shaft ω more than 8 rad.s-1, the pressure force in the research process increases sharply. With an increase in the density of raw materials, it is grinded before extrusion by 40%, the power consumption for the grinding process increases by 2.8 times for the recommended operating mode. Energy losses for pressing completely grinded raw materials are reduced by 2.52 times.

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