New method to design feedback amplifier employing two-stage CMOS op amp

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 153616
Author(s):  
Chaiyan Chanapromma ◽  
Jirayuth Mahattanakul
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Op Amp ◽  
Feedback Amplifier

A Two-Stage Immmunocytochemical Method for Oestrogen Receptor Analysis: Correlation with Morphological Parameters of Breast Carcinomas

1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Eusebi ◽  
Pier Tito Cerasoli ◽  
Simonetta Guidelli-Guidi ◽  
Sandro Grilli ◽  
Gianni Bussolati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
New Method ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Immunocytochemical Method ◽  
Tumour Cellularity ◽  
Er Status

An immunocytochemical method for oestrogen receptor (ER) analysis of breast carcinomas is described and compared with the dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) assay and a cytochemical method. The method described is superior to the purely cytochemical, especially in terms of sensitivity, demonstration of nuclear receptors and correlation with the DCC assay. The DCC assay is reliable except in the case of poorly cellular tumours: in these the immunocytochemical method is far superior, being independent of tumour cellularity. With this new method, lobular carcinomas are shown to be ER-rich compared with their ductal counterparts, a conclusion currently disputed, largely because methods employed mostly fail to take account of tumour cellularity. A combination of the DCC assay and the immunocytochemical method here described gives the maximum information about the ER-status of a particular carcinoma.

A High-Speed Fully Differential Telescopic Op-Amp for Active Filter Designs in V2X Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furkan Barin ◽  
Ertan Zencir
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Active Filter ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Fully Differential ◽  
Op Amp ◽  
Current Mirrors ◽  
Design Techniques

In this paper, an ultra-wideband fully differential two-stage telescopic 65-nm CMOS op-amp is presented, which uses low-voltage design techniques such as level shifter circuits and low-voltage cascode current mirrors. The designed op-amp consists of two stages. While the telescopic first stage provides high speed and low swing, the second stage provides high gain and large swing. Common-mode feedback circuits (CMFB), which contain five transistors OTA and sensing resistors, are used to set the first-stage output to a known value. The designed two-stage telescopic operational amplifier has 41.04[Formula: see text]dB lower frequency gain, 1.81[Formula: see text]GHz gain-bandwidth product (GBW) and 51.9∘ phase margin under 5[Formula: see text]pF load capacitance. The design consumes a total current of 11.9[Formula: see text]mA from a 1.2-V supply voltage. Presented fully differential two-stage telescopic op-amp by using low-voltage design techniques is suitable for active filter in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications with 120[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m[Formula: see text]m layout area.

Evolutionary Computation Based Sizing Technique of Nulling Resistor Compensation Based CMOS Two-Stage Op-Amp Circuit

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 1740021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad De ◽  
Kanchan Baran Maji ◽  
Rajib Kar ◽  
Durbadal Mandal ◽  
Sakti Prasad Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Evolutionary Computation ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Premature Convergence ◽  
Mos Transistors ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Design Constraints ◽  
Op Amp ◽  
Simulation Results

This article explores the comparative optimizing efficiency between two PSO variants, namely, Craziness based PSO (CRPSO) and PSO with an Aging Leader and Challengers (ALC-PSO) for the design of nulling resistor compensation based CMOS two-stage op-amp circuit. The concept of PSO is simple and it replicates the nature of bird flocking. As compared with Genetic algorithm (GA), PSO deals with less mathematical operators. Premature convergence and stagnation problem are the two major limitations of PSO technique. CRPSO and ALC-PSO techniques individually have eliminated the disadvantages of the PSO technique. In this article, CRPSO and ALC-PSO are individually employed to optimize the sizes of the MOS transistors to reduce the overall area taken by the circuit while satisfying the design constraints. The results obtained individually from CRPSO and ALC-PSO techniques are validated in SPICE environment. SPICE based simulation results justify that ALC-PSO is much better technique than CRPSO and other formerly reported methods for the design of the afore mentioned circuit in terms of the MOS area, gain and power dissipation etc.

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