Genomic DNA methylation patterns are functionally altered among offspring in a non-human primate model of maternal obesity

2006 ◽  
Vol 195 (6) ◽  
pp. S19
Author(s):  
Kjersti Aagaard-Tillery ◽  
Robert Mcknight ◽  
Andrzej Poplawski ◽  
Jan Dumanski ◽  
Robert Silver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Human Primate

scholarly journals DNA Methylation Patterns in Saliva of Tobacco users with High-Risk Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Mimansha Patel ◽  
Madhuri Nitin Gawande ◽  
Minal Shashikant Chaudhary ◽  
Alka Harish Hande
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Background: “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD)” is a well-known symptom that, if untreated, can be carcinogenic. It includes leukoplakia, erythroplakia or erythroleukoplakia. One of the typical premalignant lesions of the oral cavity is “oral leukoplakias (OLs),” which frequently precedes “OSCCs.”OLs with dysplastic characteristics are considered to be at a higher risk of “malignant transformation.” So, early diagnosis of "oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs)" is desperately required to enhance patient prognosis and quality of life (QOL).As a result, we examined the distinctive promoter methylation presence in high-risk OLs. Objectives: To detect, compare & correlate “DNA methylation” patterns in normal individuals, tobacco users without disease and tobacco users with the disease. Methodology: With the participants' full consent, 48 saliva samples were obtained and prepared. DNA isolation, restriction digestion of genomic DNA, extraction of restriction enzyme digested genomic DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE) were all carried out. Expected results: This study will help us to assess the use of Saliva as an aid to identifying both high and low risk “Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.” Conclusion: Peculiar promoter methylation of various genes was related to a high possibility of malignant transformation in OLs.

Different genomic DNA methylation patterns between male and female adults of white-backed planthoppers Sogatella furcifera

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-921
Author(s):  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Jia-Lin Chen ◽  
Xiao-Sui Zhou ◽  
Shi-Ke Liang ◽  
Guang-Hong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Sogatella Furcifera ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Immunological detection of changes in genomic DNA methylation during early zebrafish development

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 778-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy B. MacKay ◽  
Aizeddin A. Mhanni ◽  
Ross A. McGowan ◽  
Patrick H. Krone
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Zebrafish Genome ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Development ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Mammalian Embryogenesis ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Early Gastrula

DNA methylation reprogramming, the erasure of DNA methylation patterns shortly after fertilization and their reestablishment during subsequent early development, is essential for proper mammalian embryogenesis. In contrast, the importance of this process in the development of non-mammalian vertebrates such as fish is less clear. Indeed, whether or not any widespread changes in DNA methylation occur at all during cleavage and blastula stages of fish in a fashion similar to that shown in mammals has remained controversial. Here we have addressed this issue by applying the techniques of Southwestern immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry with an anti–5-methylcytosine antibody to the examination of DNA methylation in early zebrafish embryos. These techniques have recently been utilized to demonstrate that development-specific changes in genomic DNA methylation also occur in Drosophila melanogaster and Dictyostelium discoideum , both organisms for which DNA methylation was previously not thought to occur. Our data demonstrate that genome-wide changes in DNA methylation occur during early zebrafish development. Although zebrafish sperm DNA is strongly methylated, the zebrafish genome is not detectably methylated through cleavage and early blastula stages but is heavily remethylated in blastula and early gastrula stages.

Acetylated H4 histone and genomic DNA methylation patterns during bud set and bud burst in Castanea sativa

2009 ◽  
Vol 166 (13) ◽  
pp. 1360-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
MaEstrella Santamaría ◽  
Rodrigo Hasbún ◽  
MaJosé Valera ◽  
Mónica Meijón ◽  
Luis Valledor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Bud Set ◽  
Methylation Patterns

scholarly journals A RID-like cytosine methyltransferase homologue controls sexual development in the fungusPodospora anserina

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Grognet ◽  
H Timpano ◽  
F Carlier ◽  
J Aït-Benkhali ◽  
V Berteaux-Lecellier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Methylation Patterns

AbstractDNA methyltransferases are ubiquitous enzymes conserved in bacteria, plants and opisthokonta. These enzymes, which methylate cytosines, are involved in numerous biological processes, notably development. In mammals and higher plants, methylation patterns established and maintained by the cytosine DNA methyltransferases (DMTs) are essential to zygotic development. In fungi, some members of an extensively conserved fungal-specific DNA methyltransferase class are both mediators of the Repeat Induced Point mutation (RIP) genome defense system and key players of sexual reproduction. Yet, no DNA methyltransferase activity of these purified RID (RIP deficient) proteins could be detectedin vitro. These observations led us to explore how RID-like DNA methyltransferase encoding genes would play a role during sexual development of fungi showing very little genomic DNA methylation, if any.To do so, we used the model ascomycete fungusP. anserina. We identified thePaRidgene, encoding a RID-like DNA methyltransferase and constructed knocked-out ΔPaRiddefective mutants. Crosses involvingP. anserinaΔPaRidmutants are sterile. Our results show that, although gametes are readily formed and fertilization occurs in a ΔPaRidbackground, sexual development is blocked just before the individualization of the dikaryotic cells leading to meiocytes. Complementation of ΔPaRidmutants with ectopic alleles ofPaRid, including GFP-tagged, point-mutated, inter-specific and chimeric alleles, demonstrated that the catalytic motif of the putative PaRid methyltransferase is essential to ensure proper sexual development and that the expression of PaRid is spatially and temporally restricted. A transcriptomic analysis performed on mutant crosses revealed an overlap of the PaRid-controlled genetic network with the well-known mating-types gene developmental pathway common to an important group of fungi, the Pezizomycotina.Author SummarySexual reproduction is considered to be essential for long-term persistence of eukaryotic species. Sexual reproduction is controlled by strict mechanisms governing which haploids can fuse (mating) and which developmental paths the resulting zygote will follow. In mammals, differential genomic DNA methylation patterns of parental gametes, known as ‘DNA methylation imprints’ are essential to zygotic development, while in plants, global genomic demethylation often results in female-sterility. Although animal and fungi are evolutionary related, little is known about epigenetic regulation of gene expression and development in multicellular fungi. Here, we report on a gene of the model fungusPodospora anserina, encoding a protein called PaRid that looks like a DNA methyltrasferase. We showed that expression of the catalytically functional version of the PaRid protein is required in the maternal parental strain to form zygotes. By establishing the transcriptional profile ofPaRidmutant strain, we identified a set of PaRid direct and/or indirect target genes. Half of them are also targets of a mating-type transcription factor known to be a major regulator of sexual development. So far, there was no other example of identified RID targets shared with a well-known developmental pathway that is common to an important group of fungi, the Pezizomycotina

scholarly journals DNA hyper-methylation associated with schizophrenia may lead to breakdown of self-tolerance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wei ◽  
Yanbo Yuan ◽  
Caiyun Zhu ◽  
Mingjie Ma ◽  
Fude Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Tolerance ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Abstract Environmental stressors have effects on the genomic DNA methylation patterns of B lymphocytes in schizophrenia (SCZ), which may therefore perturb the immune homeostasis and trigger autoimmune responses. This study aimed to investigate the global genomic DNA methylation differences in remitters of SCZ (RSCZ) and non-remitters of SCZ (NRSCZ), further their effects on autoimmune responses of target genes. A total of 2722 Chinese Han origin subjects were recruited, including a follow-up cohort and a cross-sectional cohort. We found a DMS of cg14341177 in SCZ which inhibit the mRNA alternative splicing of BICD2, further leading to increased plasma anti-BICD2 IgG autoantibody levels. The levels of cg14341177 methylation and anti-BICD2 IgG decreased significantly in the endpoint samples of RSCZ, but not in NRSCZ. There are strong positive correlations between cg14341177 methylation, anti-BICD2 IgG, and PANSS scores. These data suggest that cg14341177 methylation and anti-BICD2 IgG levels may potentially serve as useful biomarkers.

scholarly journals A Novel DNMT3B Splice Variant Expressed in Tumor and Pluripotent Cells Modulates Genomic DNA Methylation Patterns and Displays Altered DNA Binding

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1622-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhasni Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Beth O. Van Emburgh ◽  
Jixiu Shan ◽  
Zhen Su ◽  
C. Robert Fields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Splice Variant ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Pluripotent Cells ◽  
Methylation Patterns

scholarly journals Gamete imprinting: setting epigenetic patterns for the next generation

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquetta M. Trasler
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Imprinted Genes ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Placental Function ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Parent Of Origin ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Epigenetic Patterns

The acquisition of genomic DNA methylation patterns, including those important for development, begins in the germ line. In particular, imprinted genes are differentially marked in the developing male and female germ cells to ensure parent-of-origin-specific expression in the offspring. Abnormalities in imprints are associated with perturbations in growth, placental function, neurobehavioural processes and carcinogenesis. Based, for the most part, on data from the well-characterised mouse model, the present review will describe recent studies on the timing and mechanisms underlying the acquisition and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns in gametes and early embryos, as well as the consequences of altering these patterns.

Analysis of genomic DNA methylation patterns in regenerated and control plants of rye (Secale cereale L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. González ◽  
A. Sáiz ◽  
A. Acedo ◽  
M. L. Ruiz ◽  
C. Polanco
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
And Control
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