Increasing dietary doses of an Aspergillus oryzae extract with alpha-amylase activity on nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation of lactating dairy cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio S. Takiya ◽  
Gustavo D. Calomeni ◽  
Thiago Henrique Silva ◽  
Thiago Henrique A. Vendramini ◽  
Guilherme G. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Precision processing barley grain did not affect productivity of lactating dairy cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Schlau ◽  
L. Duineveld ◽  
W. Z. Yang ◽  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
M. Oba
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Barley Silage

Schlau, N., Duineveld, L., Yang, W. Z., McAllister, T. A. and Oba, M. 2013. Precision processing barley grain did not affect productivity of lactating dairy cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 261–268. This study evaluated the effects of precision processing (PP; processing based on kernel size) barley grain on ruminal fermentation and productivity of lactating dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows, including eight ruminally cannulated cows, were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Diets contained light barley grain processed precisely using a narrow roller setting (LB), heavy barley processed precisely using a wide roller setting (HB), processed HB and LB mixed at equal proportions (PP), or equal parts of light and heavy barley grain processed at a single narrow roller setting (CON). All diets consisted of 40% barley grain, 40% barley silage, and 20% of a supplement premix. Comparisons were made between LB and HB to evaluate the effect of barley quality, and between PP and CON to evaluate the effect of precision processing. Dry matter intake, sorting index, ruminal fermentation characteristics, and nutrient digestibility were not affected by diet. In addition, milk yield and concentrations of milk fat, protein, and lactose were not different, although milk urea nitrogen concentration was greater for PP vs. CON and for LB vs. HB. These results suggest that precision processing barley grain based on kernel size may not drastically affect ruminal fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effects of chitosan on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and milk yield and composition of dairy cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Gomes de Paiva ◽  
Elmeson Ferreira de Jesus ◽  
Tiago Antonio Del Valle ◽  
Gustavo Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Artur Gabriel Brao Vilas Boas Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Four Levels

Our objective was to evaluate the effects of providing increasing levels of chitosan on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, blood parameters, nitrogen utilisation, microbial protein synthesis, and milk yield and composition of lactating dairy cows. Eight rumen-fistulated Holstein cows [average days in lactation = 215 ± 60.9; and average bodyweight (BW) = 641 ± 41.1 kg] were assigned into a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design, with 21-day evaluation periods. Cows were assigned to be provided with four levels of chitosan, placed into the rumen through the fistula, as follows: (1) Control: with no provision of chitosan; (2) 75 mg/kg BW; (3) 150 mg/kg BW; and (4) 225 mg/kg BW. Chitosan had no effect on dry matter intake (P > 0.73); however, chitosan increased (P = 0.05) crude protein digestibility. Propionate concentration was increased (P = 0.02), and butyrate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and acetate : propionate ratio were decreased (P ≤ 0.04) by chitosan. Chitosan had no effect (P > 0.25) on acetate, pH and NH3 ruminal concentration. Glucose, urea, and hepatic enzyme concentrations in the blood were similar (P > 0.30) among treatments. Nitrogen balance was not affected, but chitosan increased milk nitrogen (P = 0.02). Microbial protein synthesis was not affected by chitosan (P > 0.44). Chitosan increased (P = 0.02) milk yield, fat-corrected milk, protein and lactose production. Chitosan changes ruminal fermentation and improves milk yield of lactating dairy cows; therefore, we conclude that chitosan can be used as a rumen modulator instead of ionophores in diets for dairy cows.

scholarly journals Ruminal Fermentation, Milk Production Efficiency, and Nutrient Digestibility of Lactating Dairy Cows Receiving Fresh Cassava Root and Solid Feed-Block Containing High Sulfur

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Gamonmas Dagaew ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Sarong So ◽  
Sineenart Polyorach
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

This study evaluates the effects of fresh cassava root (CR) and a solid feed-block containing sulfur (S-FB) on fermentation in the rumen, feed utilization, milk yield, and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Four Holstein-Friesian cows with 470 ± 50.0 kg body weight (BW), 10 ± 2 kg day−1 average milk yield, and 112 ± 15 days-in-milk were studied. A 2 × 2 factorial combination was arranged in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to evaluate the treatment-related effects. The treatments were obtained from a combination of two factors: (1) levels of CR at 10 g kg−1 BW (CR-1) and 15 g kg−1 (CR-1.5) and (2) levels of sulfur supplementation in solid feed-block at 20 g kg−1 (S-FB-2) and 40 g kg−1 (S-FB-4). The results showed that CR and S-FB had no interaction effect on feed intake, digestibility, fermentation, blood metabolites, milk yield, or its composition. Feeding CR up to 15 g kg−1 of the BW significantly increased (p < 0.05) the milk fat concentration while it decreased (p < 0.05) the somatic cell count. The S-FB-4 of the sulfur significantly (p < 0.05) increased the acid detergent fiber when compared with the S-FB-2 of the sulfur. CR could be fed up to 15 g kg−1 of BW with S-FB containing high sulfur (40 g kg−1) in dairy cows without a negative impact.

Effects of copper sulphate and coated copper sulphate addition on lactation performance, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites in dairy cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
C. Wang ◽  
L. Han ◽  
G. W. Zhang ◽  
H. S. Du ◽  
Z. Z. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Nutrient Digestion ◽  
Milk Performance

Abstract Coated copper sulphate (CCS) could be used as a Cu supplement in cows. To investigate the influences of copper sulphate (CS) and CCS on milk performance, nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation, fifty Holstein dairy cows were arranged in a randomised block design to five groups: control, CS addition (7·5 mg Cu/kg DM from CS) or CCS addition (5, 7·5 and 10 mg Cu/kg DM from CCS, respectively). When comparing Cu source at equal inclusion rates (7·5 mg/kg DM), cows receiving CCS addition had higher yields of fat-corrected milk, milk fat and protein; digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM) and neutral-detergent fibre (NDF); ruminal total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration; activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, cellobiase, pectinase and α-amylase; populations of Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Fibrobacter succinogenes; and liver Cu content than cows receiving CS addition. Increasing CCS addition, DM intake was unchanged, yields of milk, milk fat and protein; feed efficiency; digestibility of DM, OM, NDF and acid-detergent fibre; ruminal total VFA concentration; acetate:propionate ratio; activity of cellulolytic enzyme; populations of total bacteria, protozoa and dominant cellulolytic bacteria; and concentrations of Cu in serum and liver increased linearly, but ruminal propionate percentage, ammonia-N concentration, α-amylase activity and populations of Prevotella ruminicola and Ruminobacter amylophilus decreased linearly. The results indicated that supplement of CS could be substituted with CCS and addition of CCS improved milk performance and nutrient digestion in dairy cows.

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