Fighting carbon leakage through consumption-based carbon emissions policies: Empirical analysis based on the World Trade Model with Bilateral Trades

2020 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 115301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo V. Rocco ◽  
Nicolò Golinucci ◽  
Stefano M. Ronco ◽  
Emanuela Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Theoretical and Empirical Characterization of Water as a Factor: Examples and Related Issues with the World Trade Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Ignacio Cazcarro ◽  
Albert E. Steenge
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Water Research ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Model ◽  
Selection Of

This article originates from the theoretical and empirical characterization of factors in the World Trade Model (WTM). It first illustrates the usefulness of this type of model for water research to address policy questions related to virtual water trade, water constraints and water scarcity. It also illustrates the importance of certain key decisions regarding the heterogeneity of water and its relation to the technologies being employed and the prices obtained. With regard to WTM, the global economic input–output model in which multiple technologies can produce a “homogeneous output”, it was recently shown that two different mechanisms should be distinguished by which multiple technologies can arise, i.e., from “technology-specific” or from “shared” factors, which implies a mechanism-specific set of prices, quantities and rents. We discuss and extend these characterizations, notably in relation to the real-world characterization of water as a factor (for which we use the terms technology specific, fully shared and “mixed”). We propose that the presence of these separate mechanisms results in the models being sensitive to relatively small variations in specific numerical values. To address this sensitivity, we suggest a specific role for specific (sub)models or key choices to counter unrealistic model outcomes. To support our proposal we present a selection of simulations for aggregated world regions, and show how key results concerning quantities, prices and rents can be subject to considerable change depending on the precise definitions of resource endowments and the technology-specificity of the factors. For instance, depending on the adopted water heterogeneity level, outcomes can vary from relatively low-cost solutions to higher cost ones and can even reach infeasibility. In the main model discussed here (WTM) factor prices are exogenous, which also contributes to the overall numerical sensitivity of the model. All this affects to a large extent our interpretation of the water challenges, which preferably need to be assessed in integrated frameworks, to account for the main socioeconomic variables, technologies and resources.

The World Trade Model: Revised estimates

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Haas ◽  
Anthony G. Turner
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Developing the Food, Water, and Energy Nexus for Food and Energy Scenarios with the World Trade Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2354
Author(s):  
Ignacio Cazcarro ◽  
Naci Dilekli
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement

The food, energy, and water (FEW) nexus has gained increased attention, resulting in numerous studies on management approaches. Themes of resource use, and their subsequent scarcity and economic rents, which are within the application domain of the World Trade Model, are ripe for study, with the continuing development of forward- and backward-facing economic data. Scenarios of future food and energy demand, relating to supply chains, as well as direct and indirect resource uses, are modelled in this paper. While it is possible to generate a substantial number of economic and environmental scenarios, our focus is on the development of an overarching approach involving a range of scenarios. We intend to establish a benchmark of possibilities in the context of the debates surrounding the Paris Climate Agreement (COP21) and the Green New Deal. Our approach draws heavily from the existing literature on international agreements and targets, notably that of COP21, whose application we associate with the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP). Relevant factor uses and scarcity rent increases are found and localized, e.g., on the optimal qualities of water, minerals, and land. A clear policy implication is that, in all scenarios, processes of energy transition, raw material use reduction, and recycling must be strengthened.

The World Trade Model: Merchandise Trade

1978 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Deppler ◽  
Duncan M. Ripley
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Merchandise Trade

scholarly journals Structural Change and Global Trade

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan T Lewis ◽  
Ryan Monarch ◽  
Michael Sposi ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Trade Costs ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Services Trade ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The World

Abstract Services, which are less traded than goods, rose from 55% of world expenditure in 1970 to 75% in 2015. Using a Ricardian trade model incorporating endogenous structural change, we quantify how this substantial shift in consumption has affected trade. Without structural change, we find that the world trade to GDP ratio would be 13 percentage points higher by 2015, about half the boost delivered from declining trade costs. In addition, a world without structural change would have had about 40% greater welfare gains from the trade integration over the past four decades. Absent further reductions in trade costs, ongoing structural change implies that world trade as a share of GDP would eventually decline. Going forward, higher income countries gain relatively more from reducing services trade costs than from reducing goods trade costs.

scholarly journals ‘Act now and sign our joint statement!’ What role do online global group petitions play in transnational movement networks?

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1236-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Strange
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Distinct Form ◽  
Advocacy Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
North And South

The article focuses on a frequently used but under-researched protest medium through which transnational movement networks express their collective demands – what are termed here ‘global group petitions’ (GGPs), and activists themselves call ‘sign-on statements’ or ‘joint statements’. GGPs are online petitions typically framed as ‘global’ and linking sometimes hundreds of advocacy groups behind a common set of critical statements contesting global politics. Despite a burgeoning literature examining the use of digital media by movement networks, the article shows that GGPs are a distinct form of activism which to date has been overlooked by social science. Studying GGPs helps explore a series of issues central to understanding the role of advocacy groups in global politics, including their internal power relations (i.e. between North and South). Presenting empirical analysis and interviews with activists relating to five GGPs used in the course of a single transnational movement network – against negotiations to expand the World Trade Organization’s General Agreement on Trade-in-Services – the article concludes that whilst GGPs are not as ‘global’ or representative of a movement network as they may claim, their value is in facilitating momentum and a process of dialogue between potential advocacy partners.

The World Trade Model: Revised Estimates

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Haas ◽  
anthony robert turner
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World
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