scholarly journals A periodic and seasonal statistical model for non-negative integer-valued time series with an application to dispensed medications in respiratory diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 545-558
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Prezotti Filho ◽  
Valderio Anselmo Reisen ◽  
Pascal Bondon ◽  
Márton Ispány ◽  
Milena Machado Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Negative Integer

Free Traders and Drug Smugglers: The Effects of Trade Openness on States' Ability to Combat Drug Trafficking

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horace A. Bartilow ◽  
Kihong Eom
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
Openness To Trade ◽  
Pooled Time Series

AbstractThe theoretical literature presents conflicting expectations about the effects of trade openness on the ability of states to interdict drug trafficking. One view expects that trade openness will undermine drug interdiction; a second argues the opposite; a third argues that trade openness does not necessarily affect drug interdiction. This article assesses empirically the effects of trade openness on drug interdiction for countries in the Americas using a pooled time-series cross-sectional statistical model. It finds that trade openness decreases the interdiction capabilities of states in drug-consuming countries while increasing those of states in drug-producing countries. Greater openness to trade does not have a consistently significant effect on the interdiction capabilities of states in drug transit countries.

scholarly journals Mortality Risk from Respiratory Diseases due to Non-Optimal Temperature among Brazilian Elderlies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5550
Author(s):  
Ludmilla da Silva Viana Jacobson ◽  
Beatriz Fátima Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Rochelle Schneider ◽  
Antonio Gasparrini ◽  
Sandra de Souza Hacon
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Exposure Variable

Over the past decade, Brazil has experienced and continues to be impacted by extreme climate events. This study aims to evaluate the association between daily average temperature and mortality from respiratory disease among Brazilian elderlies. A daily time-series study between 2000 and 2017 in 27 Brazilian cities was conducted. Data outcomes were daily counts of deaths due to respiratory diseases in the elderly aged 60 or more. The exposure variable was the daily mean temperature from Copernicus ERA5-Land reanalysis. The association was estimated from a two-stage time series analysis method. We also calculated deaths attributable to heat and cold. The pooled exposure–response curve presented a J-shaped format. The exposure to extreme heat increased the risk of mortality by 27% (95% CI: 15–39%), while the exposure to extreme cold increased the risk of mortality by 16% (95% CI: 8–24%). The heterogeneity between cities was explained by city-specific mean temperature and temperature range. The fractions of deaths attributable to cold and heat were 4.7% (95% CI: 2.94–6.17%) and 2.8% (95% CI: 1.45–3.95%), respectively. Our results show a significant impact of non-optimal temperature on the respiratory health of elderlies living in Brazil. It may support proactive action implementation in cities that have critical temperature variations.

scholarly journals Correction to: Impact of air pollution on hospital admissions with a focus on respiratory diseases: a time-series multi-city analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 22139-22139
Author(s):  
Alessandro Slama ◽  
Andrzej Śliwczyński ◽  
Jolanta Woźnica ◽  
Maciej Zdrolik ◽  
Bartłomiej Wiśnicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Hospital Admissions

scholarly journals Air pollution and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in the subequatorial Amazon: a time series approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Ignotti ◽  
Sandra de Souza Hacon ◽  
Washington Leite Junger ◽  
Dennys Mourão ◽  
Karla Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Daily Number ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Time Series Approach ◽  
Series Study

The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of the daily variation in concentrations of fine particulate matter (diameter less than 2.5µm - PM2.5) resulting from the burning of biomass on the daily number of hospitalizations of children and elderly people for respiratory diseases, in Alta Floresta and Tangará da Serra in the Brazilian Amazon in 2005. This is an ecological time series study that uses data on daily number of hospitalizations of children and the elderly for respiratory diseases, and estimated concentration of PM2.5. In Alta Floresta, the percentage increases in the relative risk (%RR) of hospitalization for respiratory diseases in children were significant for the whole year and for the dry season with 3-4 day lags. In the dry season these measurements reach 6% (95%CI: 1.4-10.8). The associations were sig-nificant for moving averages of 3-5 days. The %RR for the elderly was significant for the current day of the drought, with a 6.8% increase (95%CI: 0.5-13.5) for each additional 10µg/m3 of PM2.5. No as-sociations were verified for Tangara da Serra. The PM2.5 from the burning of biomass increased hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in children and the elderly.

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