Evaluating current chest imaging practices of pediatric patients with COVID-19: A retrospective analysis

Purpose. To identify the clinical course of the «risk-forms» of peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophy (PVCRD) depending on sex, age, type and degree of refraction in children, as well as to establish the characteristics of the diagnosis and treatment of PVCRD in childhood. Methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of pediatric patients who underwent peripheral prophylactic laser retinal coagulation (PPLRC) regarding the «risk-forms» of PVHRD at the ophthalmology department of MAUZ Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1 from 2017 to 2019 was performed. 241 childr (293 eyes) aged 7 to 17 years (mean age 14.1 ± 2.4 years) were operated. Results. PVCRD in children is asymptomatic and it is detected at the age of 7 to 17 years, regardless of gender, the peak of occurrence is 10–14 years. The most common type of PVCRD is «lattice» dystrophy. PVCRD is predominant in low degree myopia. Quite a lot of cases of PVCRD detected in emmetropic refraction, as well as in hyperopic refraction and combined astigmatism. Conclusions. A thorough examination of the periphery of the fundus is necessary in all children, regardless of age and refraction. The parameters of laser coagulation in children differ from those in adults. Given the characteristics of childhood, the success of the operation depends on the correct preoperative preparation, including psychological preparation, contact of the surgeon with the child during the operation. Key words: peripheral dystrophy; ophthalmoscopy; mydriasis; laser coagulation; children. vitreochorioretinal

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Incidence of Horner syndrome associated with neuroblastic disease

Child s Nervous System ◽

10.1007/s00381-020-04966-z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Kuchalska ◽

Monika Barełkowska ◽

Katarzyna Derwich ◽

Katarzyna Jończyk-Potoczna ◽

Anna Gotz-Więckowska

Keyword(s):

Adrenal Gland ◽

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Pediatric Oncology ◽

Surgical Procedure ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Study Group ◽

Horner Syndrome ◽

Neuroblastic Tumor ◽

Frequent Localization

Abstract Purpose Horner syndrome (HS) manifests in unilateral ptosis, miosis, enophthalmos, and anhedonia. It is most commonly caused by trauma or surgical procedures, but can also occur in pediatric patients as a result of tumors, especially neuroblastoma (NBL). The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of HS in patients diagnosed with NBL. Methods A retrospective analysis of data collected at the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Transplantology from 2004 to 2019 was performed. The study group included 119 patients younger than 18 years old, with 62 girls and 57 boys. All of them were diagnosed with a neuroblastic tumor. Results Among the 119 patients, eight children (6.72%) were diagnosed with HS associated with NBL. Three of these patients presented to the clinic with HS, whereas HS developed after the surgical procedure to remove the tumor in four patients. The adrenal gland was the most frequent localization of the tumor. However, HS occurred more frequently in patients with mediastinum tumors. As a presenting symptom, HS occurred in 2 of 11 cases (18.18%) with mediastinum localization. All of the patients with HS were younger than 2 years old. Conclusion Investigation of the cause of isolated HS is crucial because it can be the first symptom of NBL. However, the surgical procedure itself increases the risk of HS as a complication of NBL treatment.

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Retrospective Analysis of Systemic Corticosteroids for Alopecia Areata in Pediatric Patients

Dermatology Archives ◽

10.36959/661/313 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tamazian Shant ◽

Rogers Rachel ◽

Castelo-Soccio Leslie

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Alopecia Areata ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Systemic Corticosteroids

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Retrospective analysis of open surgical versus laser interstitial thermal therapy callosotomy in pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2020.7.peds20167 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

James P. Caruso ◽

M. Burhan Janjua ◽

Alison Dolce ◽

Angela V. Price

Keyword(s):

Blood Loss ◽

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Refractory Epilepsy ◽

Thermal Therapy ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Corpus Callosotomy ◽

Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy ◽

Medically Refractory Epilepsy

OBJECTIVECorpus callosotomy remains an established surgical treatment for certain types of medically refractory epilepsy in pediatric patients. While the traditional surgical approach is often well tolerated, the advent of MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) provides a new opportunity to ablate the callosal body in a minimally invasive fashion and minimize the risks associated with an open interhemispheric approach. However, the literature is sparse regarding the comparative efficacy and safety profiles of open corpus callosotomy (OCC) and LITT callosotomy. To this end, the authors present a novel retrospective analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of these methods.METHODSPatients who underwent OCC and LITT callosotomy during the period from 2005 to 2018 were included in a single-center retrospective analysis. Patient demographic and procedural variables were collected, including length of stay, procedural blood loss, corticosteroid requirements, postsurgical complications, and postoperative disposition. Pre- and postoperative seizure frequency (according to seizure type) were recorded.RESULTSIn total, 19 patients, who underwent 24 interventions (16 OCC and 8 LITT), were included in the analysis. The mean follow-up durations for the OCC and LITT cohorts were 83.5 months and 12.3 months, respectively. Both groups experienced reduced frequencies of seizure and drop attack frequency postoperatively. Additionally, LITT callosotomy was associated with a significant decrease in estimated blood loss and decreased length of pediatric ICU stay, with a trend of shorter length of hospitalization.CONCLUSIONSLonger-term follow-up and a larger population are required to further delineate the comparative efficacies of LITT callosotomy and OCC for the treatment of pediatric medically refractory epilepsy. However, the authors’ data demonstrate that LITT shows promise as a safe and effective alternative to OCC.

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