scholarly journals Spontaneous capsule loss in Haemophilus influenzae serotype b associated with Hib conjugate vaccine failure and invasive disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Meyler ◽  
M. Meehan ◽  
D. Bennett ◽  
R. Mulhall ◽  
O. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Serotype B

scholarly journals Fatal, Fulminant and Invasive Non-Typeable Haemophilus influenzae Infection in a Preterm Infant: A Re-Emerging Cause of Neonatal Sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipta Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Srabani Bharadwaj ◽  
Suresh Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Group B

Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) is a major cause of neonatal death and long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities among survivors. The common pathogens causing EOS are group B streptococcus (GBS) and Escherichia coli. Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that can cause severe invasive disease and can be divided into either typeable or non-typeable strains. H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) is the most virulent and the major cause of bacterial meningitis in young children prior to routine immunization against Hib. Hib infection rates have dramatically reduced since then. However, a number of studies have reported an increasing incidence of non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) sepsis in neonates worldwide and concluded that pregnant women may have an increased risk to invasive NTHi disease with poor pregnancy outcomes. We present a case of fulminant neonatal sepsis caused by NTHi in an extremely preterm infant and discuss potential preventative measures to reduce its re-emergence.

scholarly journals Emergence of Non-Serotype b EncapsulatedHaemophilus influenzaeas a Cause of Pediatric Meningitis in Northwestern Ontario

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Sadeghi-Aval ◽  
Raymond SW Tsang ◽  
Frances B Jamieson ◽  
Marina Ulanova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Clonal Nature ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Meningitis In Children

Before the introduction of the conjugate vaccine,Haemophilus influenzaeserotype b (Hib) was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children. Although successful in reducing Hib cases, the vaccine confers no protection against other serotypes ofH influenzae, such as a (Hia), or f (Hif). The emergence of invasive disease caused by non-Hib in northwestern Ontario (38 cases between 2002 and 2008) with predominance of Hia was previously reported by the authors. At that time, no cases of pediatric meningitis caused byH influenzaewere recorded in the region. Continued surveillance identified 12 new cases of invasive non-Hib between January 2009 and July 2011. Among these cases, three young children developed meningitis with severe complications caused by Hia or Hif. The present article describes these cases along with the characteristics of recentH influenzaeisolates from the region, (ie, their genetic background and antibiotic sensitivity). The findings point to the clonal nature of circulating Hia strains as well as to an increase in frequency and severity of pediatric invasiveH influenzaeinfections in northwestern Ontario.

scholarly journals Subtyping of Haemophilus influenzaeStrains by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2142-2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsumasa Saito ◽  
Akiko Umeda ◽  
Shin-ichi Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Pfge Typing ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Serotype B

A total of 200 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae were analyzed by serotyping, biotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A total of 178 epidemiologically unrelated strains of H. influenzae demonstrated a variety of genome patterns by PFGE, and 165 genotypes were thus obtained in this study. PFGE typing proved to have a much stronger discriminatory power than either serotyping or biotyping. Six serotype b strains were all classified into discrete genotypes. A PFGE analysis of 18 strains obtained from the nasopharynx, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningitis also supported the hypothesis that invasive H. influenzaedisseminates from the nasopharynx to the bloodstream and then subsequently to other body sites. PFGE typing of 10 other strains isolated from household contacts of patients with H. influenzae infection revealed that the strain that caused theH. influenzae infection often colonized the nasopharynges of household contacts. Our findings suggest that PFGE analysis is useful for the epidemiological study of H. influenzaeinfection, even when the invasive disease is caused by serotype b strains.

Haemophilus influenzae serotype b and a capsule-deficient type mutant (b−) invasive disease in a partially vaccinated child in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia G. S. Caldeira ◽  
Ivano de Filippis ◽  
Tânia Catão Arruda ◽  
Maria Eulália Côrte Real ◽  
Alice Batalha de Jesus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Type Mutant ◽  
Serotype B

scholarly journals Invasive Disease Due to Haemophilus influenzae Serotype f: Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics in the H. influenzae Serotype b Vaccine Era

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Urwin ◽  
J. A. Krohn ◽  
K. D. Robinson ◽  
J. D. Wenger ◽  
M. M. Farley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Epidemiologic Characteristics

scholarly journals Identification of Haemophilus influenzae Clones Associated with Invasive Disease a Decade after Introduction of H. influenzae Serotype b Vaccination in Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1223-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Giufrè ◽  
Rita Cardines ◽  
Marisa Accogli ◽  
Manuela Pardini ◽  
Marina Cerquetti
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Related Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Iga1 Protease ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACTThe introduction ofHaemophilus influenzaeserotype b (Hib) conjugate vaccines has changed the epidemiology of invasiveH. influenzaedisease, with a shift in the predominant serotype from Hib to nonencapsulatedH. influenzae(ncHi). The objective of this study was to identify the genotypes/clones associated with invasiveH. influenzaedisease in Italy. Eighty-sevenH. influenzaestrains isolated in the years 2009 to 2011 within the National Surveillance of Invasive Bacterial Disease program were analyzed. Strains were characterized by serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Genetic polymorphisms in theblaTEMgene promoter region as well as the occurrence of both adhesin genes (hmwAandhia) and the IgA1 protease-encoding gene (igaB) were also investigated. Of 87 strains, 67 were ncHi and 20 were encapsulated. Eleven strains were β-lactamase positive, harboring theblaTEMgene. MostblaTEMgenes (10/11) were associated with a Pdel promoter region exhibiting a 135-bp deletion; the remaining strain possessed the Pa/Pb overlapping promoter. MLST analysis showed that encapsulated isolates were clonal, with each serotype sharing a few related sequence types (STs). Forty-six different STs were identified among the 67 ncHi strains. Despite this heterogeneity, a group of closely related STs (ST103, ST139, and ST145) encompassed almost 25% of all ncHi strains and 45.5% of the β-lactamase producers carrying the Pdel promoter. These major ST clones were found to be associated with thehmwAgene but not with theigaBgene. To conclude, although the heterogeneity of the ncHi population was confirmed, diffusion of major successful ST clones was documented.

WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of Childhood Haemophilus Influenzae Serotype B (HIB) Vaccine Failure in Europe

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Slack ◽  
M.E. Ramsay ◽  
P.T. Heath ◽  
S. Ladhani ◽  
on behalf of EUIBIS
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Serotype B

Effectiveness and Safety of an Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine (PRP-T) in Young Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
Constance M. Vadheim ◽  
David P. Greenberg ◽  
Susan Partridge ◽  
Jennie Jing ◽  
Joel I. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type B ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Local Reactions

Objective. To study the safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of the Haemophilus influenzae capsular polysaccharide tetanus conjugate vaccine (PRP-T). Design. Randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Setting. Southern California Kaiser-Permanente Health Plan. Participants. 10 317 infants 6 to 15 weeks of age, with no known immune dysfunction, exposure to hepatitis B, or contraindication to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination were enrolled between August 1989 and September 1990. Intervention. Infants were randomized to receive either PRP-T or a recombinant hepatitis B control vaccine (in addition to DTP at approximately 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Outcome measures. Adverse reactions occurring during the first 72 hours and between doses (including hospitalizations and outpatient visits) were measured using parental reporting/interviews and review of records. Invasive disease caused by H influenzae was ascertained from the time of enrollment until December 31, 1990. Results. In October 1990, the study was prematurely terminated because of licensure of other H influenzae vaccines recommended for routine infant use. The rates of systemic and local reactions occurring within 72 hours of each vaccine dose were generally similar for infants given PRP-T and hepatitis B, but some reaction rates (local reactions, fever ≥ 120°F, irritability, crying) were significantly higher in the PRP-T group. In the month following receipt of vaccine, PRP-T-vaccinated infants experienced five definite seizures compared with three in the hepatitis B control group. Within 48 hours of vaccination, three seizures (two definite and one possible), which were thought to be related to vaccination, occurred in the PRP-T group, compared with none in the control group (P < .13). Overall morbidity, mortality and hospitalization rates were similar in the two vaccine groups. Three cases of invasive disease caused by H influenzae occurred in the control group; none occurred in the PRP-T group. Conclusions. The PRP-T vaccine is safe and appears to be effective in preventing invasive disease caused by H influenzae type b.

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