Economic returns from fungicide application to control foliar fungal diseases in winter wheat

Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab, incited by Fusarium graminearum, can cause significant economic losses in small grain production. Five field experiments were conducted from 2007 to 2009 to determine the effects on FHB and the associated mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) of integrating winter wheat cultivar resistance and fungicide application. Other variables measured were yield and the percentage of Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK). The fungicides prothioconazole + tebuconazole (formulated as Prosaro 421 SC) were applied at the rate of 0.475 liters/ha, or not applied, to three cultivars (experiments 1 to 3) or six cultivars (experiments 4 and 5) differing in their levels of resistance to FHB and DON accumulation. The effect of cultivar on FHB index was highly significant (P < 0.0001) in all five experiments. Under the highest FHB intensity and no fungicide application, the moderately resistant cultivars Harry, Heyne, Roane, and Truman had less severe FHB than the susceptible cultivars 2137, Jagalene, Overley, and Tomahawk (indices of 30 to 46% and 78 to 99%, respectively). Percent fungicide efficacy in reducing index and DON was greater in moderately resistant than in susceptible cultivars. Yield was negatively correlated with index, with FDK, and with DON, whereas index was positively correlated with FDK and with DON, and FDK and DON were positively correlated. Correlation between index and DON, index and FDK, and FDK and DON was stronger in susceptible than in moderately resistant cultivars, whereas the negative correlation between yield and FDK and yield and DON was stronger in moderately resistant than in susceptible cultivars. Overall, the strongest correlation was between index and DON (0.74 ≤ R ≤ 0.88, P ≤ 0.05). The results from this study indicate that fungicide efficacy in reducing FHB and DON was greater in moderately resistant cultivars than in susceptible ones. This shows that integrating cultivar resistance with fungicide application can be an effective strategy for management of FHB and DON in winter wheat.

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Formation of the productivity of winter wheat varieties with various degree of resistance under the influence of fungal diseases

Plant varieties studying and protection ◽

10.21498/2518-1017.13.4.2017.117751 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 416-422

Author(s):

Т. В. Топчій ◽

Н. В. Сандецька

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Fungal Diseases ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Winter Wheat Varieties

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Winter Wheat Grain Yield Response to Fungicide Application is Influenced by Cultivar and Rainfall

The Plant Pathology Journal ◽

10.5423/ppj.oa.04.2018.0056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 63-70

Author(s):

Emmanuel Byamukama ◽

Shaukat Ali ◽

Jonathan Kleinjan ◽

Dalitso N. Yabwalo ◽

Christopher Graham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Yield Response ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Fungicide Application

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Economic returns from fungicide application to control husk spot of macadamia in Australia is influenced by spray efficiency, rates and costs of application

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2012.04.021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 35-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olufemi A. Akinsanmi ◽

Andre Drenth

Keyword(s):

Economic Returns ◽

Fungicide Application

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Economic Returns from Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00025446 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 306-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Kenneth L. Ferreira ◽

Thomas F. Peeper ◽

Francis M. Epplin

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Economic Analysis ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Economic Returns ◽

Forage Production ◽

Net Returns ◽

Seeding Date ◽

Bromus Secalinus

Field experiments were conducted to determine the influence of winter wheat seeding date and forage removal on the efficacy of cheat control herbicides, forage and grain yields, and net returns to land, overhead, risk, and management for the various cheat control strategies. Economic analysis showed that net returns were higher when wheat was seeded during the traditional seeding period (October) than when either seeded early (September) for increased forage production or delayed (November) for cultural cheat control. Some herbicides were economically beneficial at two of three locations where the initial cheat population exceeded 170 plants/m2.

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Improved Prediction of Leaf Emergence for Efficacious Crop Protection: Assessing Field Variability in Phyllotherms for Upper Leaves in Winter Wheat and Winter Barley

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111825 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1825

Author(s):

Moussa El Jarroudi ◽

Louis Kouadio ◽

Jürgen Junk ◽

Clive H. Bock

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Winter Barley ◽

Prediction Errors ◽

Fungicide Application ◽

Leaf Emergence ◽

Environmentally Sound

The choice of the phyllotherm value for predicting leaf emergence under field conditions is pivotal to the success of fungicide-based disease risk management in temperate cereals. In this study, we investigated phyllotherm variability for predicting the emergence of the three uppermost leaves (i.e., three last leaves to emerge) in winter wheat and winter barley fields. Data from four sites representative of wheat and barley growing regions in Luxembourg were used within the PROCULTURE model to predict the emergence of F-2, F-1 and F (F being the flag leaf) during the 2014–2019 cropping seasons. The phyllotherms tested ranged between 100 °Cd and 160 °Cd, in 15 °Cd steps, including the current default value of 130 °Cd. The comparisons between the observed and predicted emerged leaf area were qualitatively evaluated using the mean absolute error (MAE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and Willmott’s index (WI). A phyllotherm of 100 °Cd accurately and reliably predicted the emergence of all three upper leaves under the various environmental conditions and crop cultivars of winter wheat and winter barley over the study period. MAE and RMSE were generally <5% and the WI values were most often ≥0.90 for F-1 and F. For phyllotherm values ≥115 °Cd, the prediction errors generally increased for F-1 and F, with MAE and RMSE exceeding 20% in most cases. F-2 agreement between observed and predicted values was generally similar when using 100 °Cd or 115 °Cd. These results tie in valuable, complementary information regarding the variability of phyllotherms within leaf layers in winter wheat and winter barley in Luxembourg. Accurate and reliable leaf emergence prediction from F-2 to F allows for timely fungicide application, which ensures lasting protection against infections by foliar fungal disease pathogens. Hence, understanding phyllotherms can help ensure timely, environmentally sound, and efficacious fungicide application while increasing the likelihood of improved yields of winter wheat and winter barley.

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