scholarly journals Do mantle plumes preserve the heterogeneous structure of their deep-mantle source?

2016 ◽  
Vol 434 ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D. Jones ◽  
D.R. Davies ◽  
I.H. Campbell ◽  
C.R. Wilson ◽  
S.C. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Mantle Plumes ◽  
Deep Mantle

scholarly journals Geochemical constraints on the structure of the Earth’s deep mantle and the origin of the LLSVPs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Gleeson ◽  
Caroline Soderman ◽  
Simon Matthews ◽  
Sanne Cottaar ◽  
Sally Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Lower Mantle ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Shear Velocity ◽  
Mantle Plumes ◽  
The North ◽  
Deep Mantle ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Heterogeneous Mantle ◽  
Low Shear

Geophysical analysis of the Earth’s lower mantle has revealed the presence of two superstructures characterized by low shear wave velocities on the core-mantle boundary. These Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs) play a crucial role in the dynamics of the lower mantle and act as the source region for deep-seated mantle plumes. However, their origin, and the characteristics of the surrounding deep mantle, remain enigmatic. Mantle plumes located above the margins of the LLSVPs display evidence for the presence of this deep-seated, thermally and/or chemically heterogeneous mantle material ascending into the melting region. As a result, analysis of the spatial geochemical heterogeneity in OIBs provides constraints on the structure of the Earth’s lower mantle and the origin of the LLSVPs. In this study, we focus on the Galápagos Archipelago in the eastern Pacific, where bilateral asymmetry in the radiogenic isotopic composition of erupted basalts has been linked to the presence of LLSVP material in the underlying plume. We show, using spatial variations in the major element contents of high-MgO basalts, that the isotopically enriched south-western region of the Galápagos mantle – assigned to melting of LLSVP material – displays no evidence for lithological heterogeneity in the mantle source. As such, it is unlikely that the Pacific LLSVP represents a pile of subducted oceanic crust. Clear evidence for a lithologically heterogeneous mantle source is, however, found in the north-central Galápagos, indicating that a recycled crustal component is present near the eastern margin of the Pacific LLSVP, consistent with seismic observations.

Samoan hot spot track on a “hot spot highway”: Implications for mantle plumes and a deep Samoan mantle source

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Jackson ◽  
Stanley R. Hart ◽  
Jasper G. Konter ◽  
Anthony A. P. Koppers ◽  
Hubert Staudigel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Mantle Plumes

scholarly journals Ancient subducted oceans controlling the positioning of deep mantle plumes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Heron ◽  
Juliane Dannberg ◽  
Rene Gassmöller ◽  
Grace Shephard ◽  
Jeroen van Hunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Plumes ◽  
Deep Mantle

scholarly journals IODP Expedition 330: Drilling the Louisville Seamount Trail in the SW Pacific

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. P. Koppers ◽  
T. Yamazaki ◽  
J. Geldmacher ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Plume ◽  
Mantle Source ◽  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
Oceanic Lithosphere ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Mantle Plumes ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Sw Pacific ◽  
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program ◽  
The Pacific

Deep-Earth convection can be understood by studying hotspot volcanoes that form where mantle plumes rise up and intersect the lithosphere, the Earth's rigid outer layer. Hotspots characteristically leave age-progressive trails of volcanoes and seamounts on top of oceanic lithosphere, which in turn allow us to decipher the motion of these plates relative to "fixed" deep-mantle plumes, and their (isotope) geochemistry provides insights into the long-term evolution of mantle source regions. However, it is strongly suggested that the Hawaiian mantle plume moved ~15° south between 80 and 50 million years ago. This raises a fundamental question about other hotspot systems in the Pacific, whether or not their mantle plumes experienced a similar amount and direction of motion. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 330 to the Louisville Seamounts showed that the Louisville hotspot in the South Pacific behaved in a different manner, as its mantle plume remained more or less fixed around 48°S latitude during that same time period. Our findings demonstrate that the Pacific hotspots move independently and that their trajectories may be controlled by differences in subduction zone geometry. Additionally, shipboard geochemistry data shows that, in contrast to Hawaiian volcanoes, the construction of the Louisville Seamounts doesn’t involve a shield-building phase dominated by tholeiitic lavas, and trace elements confirm the rather homogenous nature of the Louisville mantle source. Both observations set Louisville apart from the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount trail, whereby the latter has been erupting abundant tholeiites (characteristically up to 95% in volume) and which exhibit a large variability in (isotope) geochemistry and their mantle source components. <br><br> doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2204/iodp.sd.15.02.2013" target="_blank">10.2204/iodp.sd.15.02.2013</a>

scholarly journals Evaluating the Resolution of Deep Mantle Plumes in Teleseismic Traveltime Tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 384-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Maguire ◽  
Jeroen Ritsema ◽  
Mickaël Bonnin ◽  
Peter E. van Keken ◽  
Saskia Goes
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Plumes ◽  
Traveltime Tomography ◽  
Deep Mantle

The North America mid-Cretaceous kimberlite corridor: Wet, edge-driven decompression melting of an OIB-type deep mantle source

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2727-2747 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Kjarsgaard ◽  
L. M. Heaman ◽  
C. Sarkar ◽  
D. G. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mantle Source ◽  
The North ◽  
Deep Mantle

scholarly journals A catalogue of deep mantle plumes: New results from finite-frequency tomography

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Montelli ◽  
G. Nolet ◽  
F. A. Dahlen ◽  
G. Masters
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Plumes ◽  
Finite Frequency ◽  
Deep Mantle

scholarly journals African cratonic lithosphere carved by mantle plumes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Luca Celli ◽  
Sergei Lebedev ◽  
Andrew J. Schaeffer ◽  
Carmen Gaina
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Tomography ◽  
Mantle Plumes ◽  
Large Igneous Provinces ◽  
Deep Mantle ◽  
Igneous Provinces ◽  
Waveform Tomography

AbstractHow cratons, the ancient cores of continents, evolved since their formation over 2.5 Ga ago is debated. Seismic tomography can map the thick lithosphere of cratons, but its resolution is low in sparsely sampled continents. Here we show, using waveform tomography with a large, newly available dataset, that cratonic lithosphere beneath Africa is more complex and fragmented than seen previously. Most known diamondiferous kimberlites, indicative of thick lithosphere at the time of eruption, are where the lithosphere is thin today, implying surprisingly widespread lithospheric erosion over the last 200 Ma. Large igneous provinces, attributed to deep-mantle plumes, were emplaced near all lithosphere-loss locations, concurrently with or preceding the loss. This suggests that the cratonic roots foundered once modified by mantle plumes. Our results imply that the total volume of cratonic lithosphere has decreased since its Archean formation, with the fate of each craton depending on its movements relative to plumes.

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