Brain connectivity in patients with schizophrenia related to psychological stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S344-S344
Author(s):  
M. Castro ◽  
L. Drucaroff ◽  
E. Costanzo ◽  
A. Wainsztein ◽  
S. Guinjoan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Temporal Connectivity ◽  
Stress Task ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionIt is commonly accepted that in most patients with schizophrenia external factors act on genetic predisposition to produce active psychotic symptoms. In fact, we showed that patients with schizophrenia have an abnormal brain activation and peripheral autonomic response to psychological stress. We sought to characterize the brain connectivity networks of such response in schizophrenia.MethodsWe studied the pattern of brain connectivity in relation to mental arithmetic stress paradigm in 21 patients and 21 healthy subjects aged 18 to 50 years, using 3T-fMRI. A period of 6 minutes of resting state acquisition (PRE) were followed by a block design with three 1-minute CONTROL task (one digit sum), 1-minute STRESS task (two digit subtraction) and 1-minute rest after task (POST). Pairwise Pearson correlations were calculated between 90 regions of interest. Data were analyzed with MATLAB and SPSS software.ResultsPatients with schizophrenia showed a lower connectivity network between fronto-temporal limbic areas compared with control subjects during control and stress task. Moreover, we observed a great variability of link density during resting state in patients but not in controls, and it diminishes in response to task.ConclusionsPatients present abnormalities in networks related to stress response showing an alteration in fronto-temporal connectivity, and a poor and random modulation of these networks at rest. Current and previous findings suggest abnormal fronto-temporal connectivity that ultimately would lead to psychotic symptoms emergency in response to an environmental stressor and, even, could be related to hypervigilance and misattribution feeding into the paranoid cognition characteristic of patients with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals S198. SELF-DISTURBANCES AND THEIR NEURAL SIGNATURES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S114-S114
Author(s):  
Yulia Zaytseva ◽  
Eva Kozakova ◽  
Pavel Mohr ◽  
Filip Spaniel ◽  
Aaron Mishara
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Aberrant Salience ◽  
First Rank Symptoms

Abstract Background The self-disturbances (SDs) concept is considered to be part of the Schneider’s first rank symptoms, i.e., thought-withdrawal, thought-insertion, thought-broadcasting, somatic-passivity experiences, mental/motor automatisms, disrupted unitary self-experience (Mishara et al., 2014). SDs were originally described by W. Mayer-Gross (1920), who observed them in psychotic patients. Methods We classified Mayer-Gross’ findings on SDs into the following categories: experience is new/compelling (aberrant salience), reduced access/importance of autobiographical past, cognitions/emotions occur independently from self’s volition, foreign agents have power over self and developed an SDs scale based on these categories and cognitive domains (perception, motor, speech, thinking etc.). Scale is applied as a measure of the frequency of the experiences. In our current study on phenomenology and neurobiology of psychotic symptoms, we administered the scale to a study group of patients with schizophrenia (N=84) and healthy volunteers (N=170). Further, the resting state fMRI was performed and the group was divided into two subgroups with (N=13) and without self-disturbances (N=10) and in healthy individuals (N=39). Results We found substantial differences in the frequency of self-disturbances in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls (total score differences, Z=-5.83, p< 0.001). On a neural level, patients with self-disturbances experienced a decreased functional brain connectivity of the default mode and salience networks as compared to the patients without self-disturbances and healthy controls. The differences were mainly explained by the factor ‘’foreign agents’’ and the novelty of the experience. Discussion The scale identifies self-disturbances in schizophrenia and confirms self-related processing in patients with schizophrenia to be associated with altered activation in the cortical midline structures. Supported by the grant projects MH CR AZV 17-32957A and MEYS NPU4NUDZ: LO1611.

Tracking whole-brain connectivity dynamics in the resting-state fMRI with post-facial paralysis synkinesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Zhen Ma ◽  
Jia-Jia Wu ◽  
Xu-Yun Hua ◽  
Mou-Xiong Zheng ◽  
Xiang-Xin Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Whole Brain

Sensory Processing Sensitivity Predicts Individual Differences in Resting-State Functional Connectivity Associated with Depth of Processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Bianca P. Acevedo ◽  
Tyler Santander ◽  
Robert Marhenke ◽  
Arthur Aron ◽  
Elaine Aron
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Depth Of Processing ◽  
Sensory Processing Sensitivity

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a biologically based temperament trait associated with enhanced awareness and responsivity to environmental and social stimuli. Individuals with high SPS are more affected by their environments, which may result in overarousal, cognitive depletion, and fatigue. <b><i>Method:</i></b> We examined individual differences in resting-state (rs) brain connectivity (using functional MRI) as a function of SPS among a group of adults (<i>M</i> age = 66.13 ± 11.44 years) immediately after they completed a social affective “empathy” task. SPS was measured with the Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) Scale and correlated with rs brain connectivity. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Results showed enhanced rs brain connectivity within the ventral attention, dorsal attention, and limbic networks as a function of greater SPS. Region of interest analyses showed increased rs brain connectivity between the hippocampus and the precuneus (implicated in episodic memory); while weaker connectivity was shown between the amygdala and the periaqueductal gray (important for anxiety), and the hippocampus and insula (implicated in habitual cognitive processing). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The present study showed that SPS is associated with rs brain connectivity implicated in attentional control, consolidation of memory, physiological homeostasis, and deliberative cognition. These results support theories proposing “depth of processing” as a central feature of SPS and highlight the neural processes underlying this cardinal feature of the trait.

Spectral dynamic causal modelling of resting-state fMRI: an exploratory study relating effective brain connectivity in the default mode network to genetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunlong Nie ◽  
Eugene Opoku ◽  
Laila Yasmin ◽  
Yin Song ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Parametric Bootstrap ◽  
Imaging Genetics ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Default Mode

AbstractWe conduct an imaging genetics study to explore how effective brain connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) may be related to genetics within the context of Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. We develop an analysis of longitudinal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and genetic data obtained from a sample of 111 subjects with a total of 319 rs-fMRI scans from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. A Dynamic Causal Model (DCM) is fit to the rs-fMRI scans to estimate effective brain connectivity within the DMN and related to a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contained in an empirical disease-constrained set which is obtained out-of-sample from 663 ADNI subjects having only genome-wide data. We relate longitudinal effective brain connectivity estimated using spectral DCM to SNPs using both linear mixed effect (LME) models as well as function-on-scalar regression (FSR). In both cases we implement a parametric bootstrap for testing SNP coefficients and make comparisons with p-values obtained from asymptotic null distributions. In both networks at an initial q-value threshold of 0.1 no effects are found. We report on exploratory patterns of associations with relatively high ranks that exhibit stability to the differing assumptions made by both FSR and LME.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Functional Connectivity Between Resting State Brain Networks in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Tavares ◽  
Luís Afonso Fernandes ◽  
Marília Antunes ◽  
Hugo Ferreira ◽  
Diana Prata
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Female Specific ◽  
Main Effects

AbstractFunctional brain connectivity (FBC) has previously been examined in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) between-resting-state networks (RSNs) using a highly sensitive and reproducible hypothesis-free approach. However, results have been inconsistent and sex differences have only recently been taken into consideration using this approach. We estimated main effects of diagnosis and sex and a diagnosis by sex interaction on between-RSNs FBC in 83 ASD (40 females/43 males) and 85 typically developing controls (TC; 43 females/42 males). We found increased connectivity between the default mode (DM) and (a) the executive control networks in ASD (vs. TC); (b) the cerebellum networks in males (vs. females); and (c) female-specific altered connectivity involving visual, language and basal ganglia (BG) networks in ASD—in suggestive compatibility with ASD cognitive and neuroscientific theories.

Association between metabolic syndrome and resting-state functional brain connectivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnaly Rashid ◽  
Victoria N. Poole ◽  
Francesca C. Fortenbaugh ◽  
Michael Esterman ◽  
William P. Milberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Functional Brain
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document