Emergence of blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58 carbapenemase-encoding genes in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from University Hospital of Annaba, Algeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Touati ◽  
Seydina M. Diene ◽  
Abdelkarim Racherache ◽  
Mazouz Dekhil ◽  
Abdelghani Djahoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Encoding Genes

scholarly journals Prevalence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a critical care setting: A tertiary teaching hospital experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110011
Author(s):  
Thabit Alotaibi ◽  
Abdulrhman Abuhaimed ◽  
Mohammed Alshahrani ◽  
Ahmed Albdelhady ◽  
Yousef Almubarak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
The Mean

Background: The management of Acinetobacter baumannii infection is considered a challenge especially in an intensive care setting. The resistance rate makes it difficult to manage and is believed to lead to higher mortality. We aim to investigate the prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and explore how different antibiotic regimens could impact patient outcomes as there are no available published data to reflect our population in our region. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all infected adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit at King Fahad University Hospital with a confirmed laboratory diagnosis of Acinetobacter baumannii from 1 January 2013 until 31 December 2017. Positive cultures were obtained from the microbiology department and those meeting the inclusive criteria were selected. Variables were analyzed using descriptive analysis and cross-tabulation. Results were further reviewed and audited by blinded co-authors. Results: A comprehensive review of data identified 198 patients with Acinetobacter baumannii. The prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii is 3.37%, and the overall mortality rate is 40.81%. Our sample consisted mainly of male patients, that is, 68.7%, with a mean age of 49 years, and the mean age of female patients was 56 years. The mean age of survivors was less than that of non-survivors, that is, 44.95 years of age. We observed that prior antibiotic use was higher in non-survivors compared to survivors. From the review of treatment provided for patients infected with Acinetobacter baumannii, 65 were treated with colistin alone, 18 were treated with carbapenems, and 22 were treated with a combination of both carbapenems and colistin. The mean length of stay of Acinetobacter baumannii–infected patients was 20.25 days. We found that the survival rates among patients who received carbapenems were higher compared to those who received colistin. Conclusion: We believe that multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is prevalent and associated with a higher mortality rate and represents a challenging case for every intensive care unit physician. Further prospective studies are needed.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Two Carbapenemase-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Strains Isolated from Albanian and Togolese Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. H. Abdelbary ◽  
Guy Prod’hom ◽  
Gilbert Greub ◽  
Laurence Senn ◽  
Dominique S. Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Strains

ABSTRACT We report here the draft genome sequences of two multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains, H31499 and H31506, which were isolated at the Lausanne University Hospital in 2015 from an Albanian and a Togolese patient, respectively.

scholarly journals Dissemination of Plasmid-Mediated Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes Among MDR Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from a Tertiary Care Egyptian Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Tawfick ◽  
Hamada F. Rady ◽  
Mervat I. El-Borhamy ◽  
Anwar D. Maraqa
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Encoding Genes

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most challenging multidrug-resistant (MDR) nosocomial pathogens worldwide. Aminoglycosides are used for the treatment of A. baumannii infections, however, resistance to aminoglycosides is currently emerging, limiting therapeutic choices. Objective: In this study, the prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance and plasmid-mediated mechanisms of aminoglycoside resistance were investigated in A. baumannii clinical isolates collected from ICU patients at a tertiary care hospital in Egypt. Methods: The automated Vitek 2 system was used to identify A. baumannii species and determination of the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. The identification of A. baumannii was confirmed by the detection of the blaOXA-51-like gene intrinsic to this species. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of gentamicin was determined using E-test following the CLSI breakpoints. Isolates were screened for the prevalence and diversity of the plasmid-carried aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes encoding genes aacC1, aadA1, aadB and aphA6. For genetic diversity analysis, the ERIC-PCR method was performed. Results: All A. baumannii isolates were MDR with high resistance rates to tested antimicrobials. The resistance rate to gentamicin was 92.9% with elevated MICs (≥ 32 μg/mL). The gentamicin-resistant isolates harboured one or more of the studied genes with the prevalence of aphA6 (81%). ERIC-based genotyping revealed that there was no evidence of A. baumannii clonal dissemination among isolates. Conclusion: The study concluded that MDR A. baumannii isolates were highly resistant to gentamicin. The plasmid-carried aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes encoding genes were disseminated among isolates with the AphA6 gene, which was the most prevalent one. The acquisition of more than one aminoglycoside resistance gene was associated with an elevated MIC of gentamicin. Thus, regular surveillance studies of the emerging resistance to antimicrobials and strict measures to control the dissemination of resistance determinants genes are warranted.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes in Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yaw Adjei Anane ◽  
Teke Apalata ◽  
Sandeep Vasaikar ◽  
Grace Emily Okuthe ◽  
Sandile Songca
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
High Level ◽  
Encoding Genes

Introduction. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has been responsible for an increasing number of hospital-acquired infections globally. The study investigated the prevalence of carbapenemase-encoding genes in clinical multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains. Materials and Methods. A total of 100 nonduplicate multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains were cultured from clinical samples obtained from healthcare facilities in the O. R. Tambo district. The strains were confirmed by detecting the intrinsic blaOXA-51-like gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by VITEK® 2 and autoSCAN-4 systems. The MIC of imipenem and meropenem was rechecked by E-test. Colistin MIC was confirmed by the broth microdilution method. Real-time PCR was performed to investigate the presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes. Results. Most strains showed high resistance rates (>80%) to the antibiotics tested. Resistance to amikacin, tetracycline, and tigecycline were 50%, 64%, and 48%, respectively. All strains were fully susceptible to colistin. The blaOXA-51-like was detected in all strains whilst blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-58-like, blaOXA-24-like, blaIMP-1, blaVIM, and blaNDM-1 were found in 70%, 8%, 5%, 4%, 3%, and 2% of strains, respectively. None of the tested strains harboured the genes blaSIM and blaAmpC. The coexistence of blaOXA-23-like, and blaIMP-1 or blaOXA-58-like was detected in 1% and 2% strains, respectively. A distinct feature of our findings was the coharbouring of the genes blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-58-like, and blaIMP-1 in 2% strains, and this is the first report in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The intI1 was carried in 80% of tested strains whilst ISAba1/blaOXA-51-like and ISAba1/blaOXA-23-like were detected in 15% and 40% of the strains, respectively. The detection of blaOXA-23-like, ISAba1/blaOXA-51-like, ISAba1/blaOXA-23-like, and blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-58-like, and blaIMP-1 carbapenemases in strains had a significant effect on both imipenem and meropenem MICs. Conclusions. Results showed a high level of oxacillinases producing A. baumannii circulating in our study setting, highlighting the need for local molecular surveillance to inform appropriate management and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals A Plasmid-Borne blaOXA-58 Gene Confers Imipenem Resistance to Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from a Lebanese Hospital

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 4115-4120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Zarrilli ◽  
Domenico Vitale ◽  
Anna Di Popolo ◽  
Maria Bagattini ◽  
Ziad Daoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Mosaic Structure ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Origins Of Replication ◽  
Imipenem Resistance ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT We investigated the basis of the carbapenem resistance of 17 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates collected from 2004 to 2005 at the Saint George University Hospital in Beirut, Lebanon. A. baumannii isolates were clonally related and were susceptible to colistin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, susceptible or intermediate to ampicillin-sulbactam and meropenem, and resistant to all other antimicrobials. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that resistance to imipenem could be transferred along with a plasmid containing the carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase bla OXA-58 gene. The plasmid that we called pABIR was 29,823 bp in size and showed a novel mosaic structure composed of two origins of replication, four insertion sequence (IS) elements, and 28 open reading frames. The bla OXA-58 gene was flanked by IS18 and ISAba3 elements at the 5′ and 3′ ends, respectively. The production of the carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase OXA-58 was apparently the only mechanism for carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates causing the outbreak at the Lebanese Hospital.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of a clonal outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a university hospital in Italy

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zarrilli ◽  
R. Casillo ◽  
A. Di Popolo ◽  
M.-F. Tripodi ◽  
M. Bagattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated in Algerian hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1395-1401
Author(s):  
Nabila Benamrouche ◽  
Ourida Lafer ◽  
Lahcen Benmahdi ◽  
Akila Benslimani ◽  
Wahiba Amhis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterization

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the drug-resistance and the molecular characterization of carbapenemases, ESBL, and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes among Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Algerian hospitals. Methodology: A total of 92 A. baumannii isolates were collected between 2012 and 2016. Antimicrobial susceptibility testings were performed for β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampicin and colistin. The phenotypic characterization of β-lactamases was investigated. For 30 randomly targeted strains, the carriage of the carbapenemases, ESBL and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes -encoding genes was determined by PCR. Sequencing was carried out for carbapenemases and ESBL genes. Results: Most of the 92 isolates studied were recovered from hospitalized patients (93.5%) and were mainly from intensive care units (51.1%) and orthopedics (19.6%). The strains were collected primarily from low respiratory tract (33.7%), wounds (23.9%) and urine (16.3%). Multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains were prevalent (96.7%). High rates of resistance were observed for almost all antibiotics tested (>70%) excluding rifampicin (7.6%) and colistin (5.4%). For the five colistin-resistant strains, MICs ranged between 4 and 128 µg/mL. Positive MBL (83.7%) and ESBL (23.9%) strains were identified. Regarding β-lactams, the blaNDM and both blaSHV and blaCTX-M1 genes were detected in five and two strains respectively. Sequencing of the genes revealed the presence of blaNDM-1, blaCTX-M-15, and blaSHV-33. For aminoglycosides, aac(6’)-Ib, ant(2’’)-I and aph(3’)-VI genes were detected in three, seven and six strains respectively. Conclusions: Here, we report the first co-occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases SHV-33 and CTX-M-15, the carbapenemase NDM-1 and the emergence of colistin-resistant A. baumannii in Algerian hospitals.

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