scholarly journals Effect of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on pharmacological models of epilepsy and anxiety in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 012-019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvarna Ingale ◽  
Foram Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Antiepileptic Activity ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hole Board Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Abstract Objective Among the psychiatric co-morbidities in epilepsy, anxiety disorders are highly frequent and have profound influence on the quality of life of epilepsy patients. Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments including anxiety and epilepsy. However, no scientific evidence exists to support its use. We studied antiepileptic and anxiolytic activities of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves (AEMO). Methods Antiepileptic activity was evaluated using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizure and maximum electroshock (MES) induced seizure test and anxiolytic activity was evaluated using elevated plus maze, light/dark box and hole board test. Results In present study, AEMO (250, 375 and 500 mg/kg, i.p.) demonstrated significant antiepileptic and anxiolytic effects. To study involvement of GABA in anxiolytic and antiepileptic activity of AEMO, we also evaluated effect of AEMO on Baclofen induced catatonia, a GABA mediated behavior, wherein AEMO significantly potentiated (preponed) baclofen induced catatonia, which is suggestive of its GABA mimetic action. Conclusion Thus, it may be concluded that aqueous extract of M. oleifera possess anxiolytic and antiepileptic effects possibly mediated via of GABA mimetic action and these findings authenticate the traditional claims about use of Moringa oleifera in treatment of epilepsy and anxiety.

Neuropharmacological Activity of Various Fractions Obtained from Solanum aethiopicum (Linn.) Fruit in Mice.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
A.R. Abubakar ◽  
◽  
I.H. Sani ◽  
S. Malami ◽  
A.H. Yaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Solanum Aethiopicum ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hole Board Test

Background: Solanum aethiopicum (L.), family Solanaceae, is known as garden eggs. The fruit is used in the treatment of insomnia, diabetes and constipation. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate anxiolytic-like activity of fractions obtained from crude methanol extract of Solanum aethiopicum fruit. Method: Acute toxicity testing was conducted according to the OECD guidelines 420 via oral and intraperitoneal routes (ip). n-Hexane (HF), chloroform (CHF), ethyl-acetate (EAF), n-butanol (BF) and residual aqueous fraction (RAF) at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg ip were experimented using the open field, elevated plus maze, staircase, light dark box and hole-board tests. Results: Results: In open field test, there was statistically significant increase in frequency of central square entry by EAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg and RAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg all at p<0.05 compared to distilled water (D/W) group. Elevated plus maze test showed statistically significant increases in open arm entry and duration by CHF 25mg/kg, RAF 25mg/kg and 50mg/kg again at p<0.05. Also, in the staircase test, statistically significant decrease in frequency of rearing with no effect on step climbing was observed by RAF 25mg/kg (p< 0.05) compared to D/W. Light and dark box test produced increased light box entry and duration by EAF 25mg/kg, RAF 25mg/kg and 50mg/ kg at p<0.05. Furthermore, the hole -board test showed statistically significant increases in number of head dips by EAF 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg as well as RAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100 mg/kg at p<0.05. Conclusion: The fractions obtained from Solanum aethiopicum fruits possesses anxiolytic-like activity.

Evaluation of anxiolytic and hypoglycemic potential of Cissus adnata Roxb. in animal model

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shamim Hasan ◽  
Md. Giash Uddin ◽  
Mohammed Shoibe ◽  
Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Sujan Banik
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Hole Board Test

AbstractBackgroundThis study was designed to evaluate the anxiolytic and hypoglycemic potential of methanolic extract of Cissus adnata Roxb. is a crucial medicinal plant used in many disorders belongs to Vitaceae family.MethodsElevated plus maze (EPM) test and hole board test was applied for the anxiolytic activity with the Swiss albino mice. The hypoglycemic activity was measured by the glucose tolerance test in mice model. The capacity to produce the desired effect of the plant extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) was compared with the anxiolytic drug of standard diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) and anti-diabetic drug glibenclamide (10 mg/kg i.p.), respectively.ResultsThe phytochemical screening of Cissus adnata extract exposed the presence of carbohydrate, phenol, flavonoid, saponins, cardiac glycoside, tannin, and gum. The anxiolytic effect was detected in both experiments which significantly raised the number of head dips and the time spent in the open arm of the EPM (p<0.05) as the dose enlarged. Hypoglycemic study of the extracts shows better effect by reducing blood glucose level.ConclusionsThe better anxiolytic and hypoglycemic activities in the present study are due to the existence of various phytochemical constituents like saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and tannins in this methanolic extract.

scholarly journals ELEVATED PLUS-MAZE AND THE HOLE BOARD TEST FOR USE AS A QUALITY CONTROL ASSAY OF HERBAL MEDICINES BASED ON PASSIFLORA INCARNATA LINNAEUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
E. B. GARCIA ◽  
Y. S. G. PINHEIRO ◽  
N. M. FELIX ◽  
J. M. P. LOUREIRO ◽  
F. C. AMENDOEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Passiflora Incarnata ◽  
Hole Board Test

scholarly journals Anxiolytic and hypnotic effects of Cocculus laurifolius leaf extract in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Sidra Maqbool ◽  
Ishrat Younus
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Hypnotic Effect ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hole Board Test ◽  
Hypnotic Activity

The present study aims to assess the anxiolytic and hypnotic activity of ethanolic extract of Cocculus laurifolius leaf in mice. Anxiolytic activity was observed using behavioral paradigms while hypnotic activity was assessed by sodium pentobarbital induced hypnosis in mice. Animals were treated with the extract at dose 200 and 400 mg/kg orally for 30 days. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect were observed on day 1, 7, 15 and 30 of treatment. Significant increase in the number of entries and time spent in open arm were observed in elevated plus maze. Similar results were observed in light/dark, open field and hole board test. The anxiolytic effect was substantially greater at dose 200 mg/kg in comparison to dose 400 mg/kg. Minimal hypnotic activity was observed with decrease in onset and prolongation in duration of sleep at dose 400 mg/kg, while dose 200 mg/kg did not produce any hypnotic effect. These results showed that the ethanolic extract of C. laurifolius leaf might have potential anxiolytic and hypnotic activity in mice.

Involvement of GABAergic and nitrergic systems in the anxiolytic and hypnotic effects of Curcuma longa: its interaction with anxiolytic-hypnotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail O. Ishola ◽  
Folashade O. Katola ◽  
Olufunmilayo O. Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Muscle Coordination ◽  
Rotarod Test ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hypnotic Drugs ◽  
Hole Board Test ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Concurrent use of herbs with drugs have become a major healthcare problem. Herb-drug interactions could lead to therapeutic failure or toxicity. Hence, this study seeks to evaluate the impact of combining Curcuma longa rhizome (CL) with selected anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs. Methods CL (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered to mice 1 h before subjecting the animals to elevated plus maze (EPM), hole board test (HBT), open field test (OFT) and rotarod test for anxiolytic-like effect as well as hexobarbitone-induced sleeping time (HIST) for hypnotic activity. The involvement of GABAergic and nitrergic systems in CL-induced anxiolytic and hypnotic actions were also evaluated. The effect of concurrent use of CL with midazolam, imipramine, nifedipine, propranolol and carbamazepine were evaluated in anxiolytic-hypnosis models. Results The peak anxiolytic-like effect of CL was obtained at 400 mg/kg in the EPM and hole-board test without affecting muscle coordination in the rotarod test while the peak hypnosis-potentiation was observed at 100 mg/kg. CL-induced anxiolytic-hypnotic-like effects were reversed by the pretreatment of mice with flumazenil or NG-nitro-l-arginine. Conclusions Curcuma longa possesses anxiolytic and hypnotic effects through its interaction with GABAergic and nitrergic systems. Conversely, co-administration of C. longa with midazolam potentiate barbiturate-induced hypnosis.

Anti-depressant, anxiolytic and muscle relaxant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira linn. Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif ◽  
Jayesh Dwivedi ◽  
Sandeep Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Inclined Plane ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hole Board Test ◽  
Muscle Relaxant Activity

Background: The ethnopharmacological relevance suggests that the ethnic minorities of India use leaves of Cissampelos pareira L as a traditional medicine for curing various psychopharmacological disorders. Objective: To evaluate anti-depressant, anxiolytic, and muscle relaxant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira. Results: No moribund status or mortality was observed in experimental mice up to 2000 mg/kg dose of Cissampelos pareira hydroalcoholic extract (CPHE). In the open field and actophotometer tests, CPHE 200 and 400 mg/kg treated mice with significantly abridged ambulation, a number of central squares crossed, total locomotion, and depicted less coordinated movements. While, in despair swim and tail suspension tests, CPHE 400 mg/kg treated mice significantly decreased duration of immobility and increased number of climbing, confirming its anti-depressant effect. In an elevated plus-maze test, CPHE 200 and 400 mg/kg increased the open arm exploration; in hole board test, CPHE 400 mg/kg treated rats augmented the number of head dips, depicting its anxiolytic effect. In rotarod, grip strength, and inclined plane test, CPHE 400 mg/kg treated mice decreased in fall off time on a rotating rod, suspended wire, or inclined plane. Furthermore, in the chimney test, treatment with CPHE 400 depicted less coordinated movements in mice, and mice of this group took more time to leave the cylinder, depicting its skeletal muscle relaxant effect. Conclusion: Based on the result, it can be concluded that CPHE 400 mg/kg exhibits strong anti-depressant, anxiolytic, and muscle relaxant effects, justifying its traditional uses.

The Potential Application of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Functional Herbal Beverages: A Review of its Nutritional, Medicinal and Toxicity Profiles.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Bailey-Shaw ◽  
Shawntae Rodney ◽  
Channtal Golding ◽  
Shadae Foster ◽  
Melaine Randle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

: In recent times, Moringa oleifera Lam. has become one of the most sought after therapeutic cure-all plants in tropical and subtropical zones, including Jamaica. Anecdotally, the most popular choice of Moringa consumption locally is in the form of functional herbal beverages such as teas and juices, prepared from the leaves of the plant. However, there is little or no scientific evidence to validate the efficacy and or safety of such beverages. An extensive search of scientific literature published over the last decade (2010-2020) related to the nutritional, medicinal and toxicological profiles of Moringa oleifera was therefore conducted, with special emphasis on literature related to the dried leaves and aqueous leaf extracts thereof. Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed databases were the main search tools employed. Articles which referred to varieties of Moringa, other than oleifera were excluded from the searches, as were articles which referred to subject matters outside of nutrition, medicinal properties and toxicity. All peer-reviewed journal articles, and other online articles, which referred to the subject matters of interest were critically read and included in the review. This review is a compilation of evidence-based literature, indicating the outstanding nutritive value, high therapeutic potential and the relatively non-toxic properties of the dried leaves and aqueous leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera. Prospects for their application in the development of safe and efficacious functional herbal beverages are indicated.

scholarly journals Can the Hole–Board Test Predict a Rat’s Exploratory Behavior in a Free-Exploration Test?

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Wojciech Pisula ◽  
Klaudia Modlinska ◽  
Katarzyna Goncikowska ◽  
Anna Chrzanowska
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Free Exploration ◽  
Laboratory Rodents ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Motivational Mechanism ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hole Board Test

This study focuses on the rat activity in a hole–board setting that we considered a type of exploratory behavior. The general hypothesis is based on the claim that a motivational mechanism is central to both the response to novelty in a highly familiarized environment and the activity in the hole–board apparatus. Our sample consisted of 80 experimentally naive Lister Hooded rats. All rats were tested in the hole–board apparatus. Twenty individuals with the highest hole-board scores and twenty subjects with the lowest hole–board scores subsequently underwent an established free-exploration test. In our study, the scores obtained in the hole–board test had little predictive value for the rats’ activity in the free-exploration test. Based on our previous experience in studying exploratory behavior in the free-exploration test and the data presented in this paper, we suggest that the hole–board test is not an appropriate tool for measuring exploratory behavior in laboratory rodents.

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