Solutions of mixed-type functional differential equations with state-dependence

2022 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 148-175
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Functional Differential Equations ◽  
State Dependence ◽  
Functional Differential

scholarly journals Positive solutions of iterative functional differential equations and application to mixed-type functional differential equations

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Jun Shen
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Positive Solutions ◽  
Functional Differential Equation ◽  
Continuous Dependence ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Functional Differential Equations ◽  
State Dependence ◽  
Functional Differential ◽  
Iterative Functional Differential Equation

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this paper we consider the existence, uniqueness, boundedness and continuous dependence on initial data of positive solutions for the general iterative functional differential equation <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ \dot{x}(t) = f(t,x(t),x^{[2]}(t),...,x^{[n]}(t)). $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> As <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ n = 2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, this equation can be regarded as a mixed-type functional differential equation with state-dependence <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ \dot{x}(t) = f(t,x(t),x(T(t,x(t)))) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> of a special form but, being a nonlinear operator, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ n $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>-th order iteration makes more difficulties in estimation than usual state-dependence. Then we apply our results to the existence, uniqueness, boundedness, asymptotics and continuous dependence of solutions for the mixed-type functional differential equation. Finally, we present two concrete examples to show the boundedness and asymptotics of solutions to these two types of equations respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Interaction of homoclinic solutions and Hopf points in functional differential equations of mixed type

2009 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Georgi
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Homoclinic Orbit ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Functional Differential Equations ◽  
Homoclinic Orbits ◽  
Homoclinic Solution ◽  
Equations Of Mixed Type ◽  
Functional Differential ◽  
Equation Of Mixed Type

We study a homoclinic bifurcation in a general functional differential equation of mixed type. More precisely, we investigate the case when the asymptotic steady state of a homoclinic solution undergoes a Hopf bifurcation. Bifurcations of this kind are diffcult to analyse due to the lack of Fredholm properties. In particular, a straightforward application of a Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction is not possible.As one of the main results we prove the existence of centre-stable and centre-unstable manifolds of steady states near homoclinic orbits. With their help, we can analyse the bifurcation scenario similar to the case for ordinary differential equations and can show the existence of solutions which bifurcate near the homoclinic orbit, are decaying in one direction and oscillatory in the other direction. These solutions can be visualized as an interaction of the homoclinic orbit and small periodic solutions that exist on account of the Hopf bifurcation, for exactly one asymptotic direction t→8 or t→−∞.

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