Periodic solutions of p-Laplacian differential equations with jumping nonlinearity across half-eigenvalues

This paper aims to investigate the existence of periodic solutions for $p$ -Laplacian differential equations with jumping nonlinearity under the frame of half-eigenvalue. Based on the continuity theorem, some new results are obtained, which enrich and generalize the previous results.

Equivariant stable sheaves and toric GIT

For $(X,\,L)$ a polarized toric variety and $G\subset \mathrm {Aut}(X,\,L)$ a torus, denote by $Y$ the GIT quotient $X/\!\!/G$ . We define a family of fully faithful functors from the category of torus equivariant reflexive sheaves on $Y$ to the category of torus equivariant reflexive sheaves on $X$ . We show, under a genericity assumption on $G$ , that slope stability is preserved by these functors if and only if the pair $((X,\,L),\,G)$ satisfies a combinatorial criterion. As an application, when $(X,\,L)$ is a polarized toric orbifold of dimension $n$ , we relate stable equivariant reflexive sheaves on certain $(n-1)$ -dimensional weighted projective spaces to stable equivariant reflexive sheaves on $(X,\,L)$ .

Periodic solutions for one-dimensional nonlinear nonlocal problem with drift including singular nonlinearities

In this paper, we prove existence results of a one-dimensional periodic solution to equations with the fractional Laplacian of order $s\in (1/2,1)$ , singular nonlinearity and gradient term under various situations, including nonlocal contra-part of classical Lienard vector equations, as well other nonlocal versions of classical results know only in the context of second-order ODE. Our proofs are based on degree theory and Perron's method, so before that we need to establish a variety of priori estimates under different assumptions on the nonlinearities appearing in the equations. Besides, we obtain also multiplicity results in a regime where a priori bounds are lost and bifurcation from infinity occurs.

Series expansion of Leray–Trudinger inequality

In this paper, we establish an infinite series expansion of Leray–Trudinger inequality, which is closely related with Hardy inequality and Moser Trudinger inequality. Our result extends early results obtained by Mallick and Tintarev [A. Mallick and C. Tintarev. An improved Leray-Trudinger inequality. Commun. Contemp. Math. 20 (2018), 17501034. OP 21] to the case with many logs. It should be pointed out that our result is about series expansion of Hardy inequality under the case $p=n$ , which case is not considered by Gkikas and Psaradakis in [K. T. Gkikas and G. Psaradakis. Optimal non-homogeneous improvements for the series expansion of Hardy's inequality. Commun. Contemp. Math. doi:10.1142/S0219199721500310]. However, we can't obtain the optimal form by our method.

Optimal Hardy-weights for the (p, A)-Laplacian with a potential term

We construct new optimal $L^{p}$ Hardy-type inequalities for elliptic Schrödinger-type operators with a potential term.

Index estimates for closed minimal submanifolds of the sphere

In this paper we are interested in comparing the spectra of two elliptic operators acting on a closed minimal submanifold of the Euclidean unit sphere. Using an approach introduced by Savo in [A Savo. Index Bounds for Minimal Hypersurfaces of the Sphere. Indiana Univ. Math. J. 59 (2010), 823-837.], we are able to compare the eigenvalues of the stability operator acting on sections of the normal bundle and the Hodge Laplacian operator acting on $1$ -forms. As a byproduct of the technique and under a suitable hypothesis on the Ricci curvature of the submanifold we obtain that its first Betti's number is bounded from above by a multiple of the Morse index, which provide evidence for a well-known conjecture of Schoen and Marques & Neves in the setting of higher codimension.

Inverse nodal problems on quantum tree graphs

We consider inverse nodal problems for the Sturm–Liouville operators on the tree graphs. Can only dense nodes distinguish the tree graphs? In this paper it is shown that the data of dense-nodes uniquely determines the potential (up to a constant) on the tree graphs. This provides interesting results for an open question implied in the paper.

Liouville-type results for positive solutions of pseudo-relativistic Schrödinger system

In this paper, we are concerned with the physically engaging pseudo-relativistic Schrödinger system: \[ \begin{cases} \left(-\Delta+m^{2}\right)^{s}u(x)=f(x,u,v,\nabla u) & \hbox{in } \Omega,\\ \left(-\Delta+m^{2}\right)^{t}v(x)=g(x,u,v,\nabla v) & \hbox{in } \Omega,\\ u>0,v>0 & \hbox{in } \Omega, \\ u=v\equiv 0 & \hbox{in } \mathbb{R}^{N}\setminus\Omega, \end{cases} \] where $s,t\in (0,1)$ and the mass $m>0.$ By using the direct method of moving plane, we prove the strict monotonicity, symmetry and uniqueness for positive solutions to the above system in a bounded domain, unbounded domain, $\mathbb {R}^{N}$ , $\mathbb {R}^{N}_{+}$ and a coercive epigraph domain $\Omega$ in $\mathbb {R}^{N}$ , respectively.

On the number of conjugacy classes of a primitive permutation group

Let $G$ be a primitive permutation group of degree $n$ with nonabelian socle, and let $k(G)$ be the number of conjugacy classes of $G$ . We prove that either $k(G)< n/2$ and $k(G)=o(n)$ as $n\rightarrow \infty$ , or $G$ belongs to explicit families of examples.

Spreading speeds and traveling wave solutions of diffusive vector-borne disease models without monotonicity

Vector-borne diseases, such as chikungunya, dengue, malaria, West Nile virus, yellow fever and Zika, pose a major global public health problem worldwide. In this paper we investigate the propagation dynamics of diffusive vector-borne disease models in the whole space, which characterize the spatial expansion of the infected hosts and infected vectors. Due to the lack of monotonicity, the comparison principle cannot be applied directly to this system. We determine the spreading speed and minimal wave speed when the basic reproduction number of the corresponding kinetic system is larger than one. The spreading speed is mainly estimated by the uniform persistence argument and generalized principal eigenvalue. We also show that solutions converge locally uniformly to the positive equilibrium by employing two auxiliary monotone systems. Moreover, it is proven that the spreading speed is the minimal wave speed of travelling wave solutions. In particular, the uniqueness and monotonicity of travelling waves are obtained. When the basic reproduction number of the corresponding kinetic system is not larger than one, it is shown that solutions approach to the disease-free equilibrium uniformly and there is no travelling wave solutions. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the analytical results.