Performance on an episodic encoding task yields further insight into functional brain development

NeuroImage ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 815-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara McAuley ◽  
Shefali Brahmbhatt ◽  
Deanna M. Barch
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Episodic Encoding ◽  
Insight Into

Functional brain development in humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Functional Brain

Neural Foundations of Variability in Attachment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyson J. Bennett ◽  
William D. Hopkins ◽  
Ruth Feldman ◽  
Valeria Gazzola ◽  
Jay Giedd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insight Into

Neuroscience offers insight into processes that support the development of the social brain within the cultural contexts that permit attachment relationships to form. Both human and nonhuman animal studies are critical to inform theory development and hypothesis testing via descriptive and experimental studies. A scientifically valid evolutionary theory is necessary to account for the remarkable diversity of parenting systems across human and many nonhuman animals. This chapter examines the neural foundations of attachment and poses critical questions that relate to the initiation of this relationship: How does attachment interface with brain development? What is the interplay between attachment and brain development (including elements of bidirectionality)? Are there negative consequences associated with variation in attachment, and are they reversible? Rather than conceptualizing attachment in terms of a single type of relationship, or a rigid developmental channel, this chapter proposes that an expanded consideration of variation is necessary to understand the neural foundations of infant-caregiver relationships, and the role of those relationships in developing competence across the life span. This approach will permit identification of common neurobiological elements of attachment as well as the remarkable plasticity and diversity within and across individuals, cultures, and species.

scholarly journals Attention promotes episodic encoding by stabilizing hippocampal representations

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. E420-E429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Aly ◽  
Nicholas B. Turk-Browne
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Attentional State ◽  
Template Activity ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Episodic Encoding ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into

Attention influences what is later remembered, but little is known about how this occurs in the brain. We hypothesized that behavioral goals modulate the attentional state of the hippocampus to prioritize goal-relevant aspects of experience for encoding. Participants viewed rooms with paintings, attending to room layouts or painting styles on different trials during high-resolution functional MRI. We identified template activity patterns in each hippocampal subfield that corresponded to the attentional state induced by each task. Participants then incidentally encoded new rooms with art while attending to the layout or painting style, and memory was subsequently tested. We found that when task-relevant information was better remembered, the hippocampus was more likely to have been in the correct attentional state during encoding. This effect was specific to the hippocampus, and not found in medial temporal lobe cortex, category-selective areas of the visual system, or elsewhere in the brain. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how attention transforms percepts into memories.

scholarly journals Early patterns of functional brain development associated with autism spectrum disorder in tuberous sclerosis complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1758-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Dickinson ◽  
Kandice J. Varcin ◽  
Mustafa Sahin ◽  
Charles A. Nelson ◽  
Shafali S. Jeste
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Functional Brain

scholarly journals Executive function and brain development in adolescents with severe congenital heart disease (Teen Heart Study): protocol of a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e032363
Author(s):  
Melanie Ehrler ◽  
Nadja Naef ◽  
Ruth O'Gorman Tuura ◽  
Beatrice Latal
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Developmental Problems

IntroductionCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequent congenital malformation. With recent advances in medical care, the majority of patients with CHD survive into adulthood. As a result, interest has shifted towards the neurodevelopmental outcome of these patients, and particularly towards the early detection and treatment of developmental problems. A variety of mild to moderate cognitive impairments as well as emotional and behavioural problems has been observed in this population. However, a more detailed assessment of the various domains of executive function and their association with structural and functional brain development is lacking. Therefore, the current study will examine all domains of executive function and brain development in detail in a large sample of children and adolescents with CHD and healthy control children.Methods and analysisA total of 192 children and adolescents with CHD aged 10–15 years, who participated in prospective cohort studies at the University Children’s Hospital Zurich, will be eligible for this study. As a control group, approximately 100 healthy children will be enrolled. Primary outcome measures will include executive function abilities, while secondary outcomes will consist of other neurodevelopmental measures, including intelligence, processing speed, attention, fine motor abilities and brain development. An MRI will be performed to assess structural and functional brain development. Linear regression analyses will be applied to investigate group differences and associations between executive function performance and neurodevelopmental measures.Ethics and disseminationThis study is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF 32003B_172914) and approved by the ethical committee of the Canton Zurich (KEK 2019–00035). Written informed consent will be obtained from all the parents and from children aged 14 years or older. Findings from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences for widespread dissemination of the results.

scholarly journals Individual focused studies of functional brain development in early human infancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Tanya Poppe ◽  
Jucha Willers Moore ◽  
Tomoki Arichi
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Early Human
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