Associations of self-compassion and global self-esteem with positive and negative affect and stress reactivity in daily life: Findings from a smart phone study

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Krieger ◽  
Helena Hermann ◽  
Johannes Zimmermann ◽  
Martin grosse Holtforth
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Self Compassion

scholarly journals Autoestima, autocompasión y afecto positivo y negativo en víctimas y agresores de bullying: Estudio comparativo con medidas autoinformadas e informadas por pares

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Juan Múzquiz ◽  
Ana María Perez-García ◽  
José Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Bully Victims ◽  
Peer Report

Self-esteem, self-compassion and positive and negative affect in victims and bullies: A comparative study with self-report and peer-report measuresAbstract: Bullying is a prevalent problem with numerous negative consequences in psychological adjustment, especially for victims. However, most research on the topic is based on self-report measures subject to several biases and other limitations. The present study assessed self-esteem, positive and negative affect and self-compassion in 649 adolescents classified into victims, bullies, bully-victims and not involved students through peer- and self-report measures. Results showed that considering oneself a bully or a victim was associated with the psychological outcomes, being so in peer-report measures. Also, in selfreport measures, not involved participants showed higher levels of self-compassion than the other groups. The present research highlights the importance of including self-report and peer-report measures of bullying when studying the psychological adjustment of victims and bullies.Keywords: Self-compassion; bullying; self-esteem; adolescence; affect; self-report; peer-report.Resumen: El bullying es un problema altamente prevalente con numerosas consecuencias negativas sobre el ajuste psicológico, especialmente para las víctimas. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las investigaciones están basadas en autoinformes que están sujetos a diversos sesgos. La presente investigación evaluó la autoestima, el afecto positivo y negativo y la autocompasión de 649 adolescentes clasificados como víctimas, agresores, agresores-víctimas o no implicados utilizando medidas auto- y heteroinformadas por los compañeros. Los resultados mostraron que autorreconocerse como agresor o víctima guardó una asociación con las medidas de ajuste analizadas, más allá de serlo en las medidas heteroinformadas. En las medidas autoinformadas los participantes no implicados mostraron mayores niveles de autocompasión que los otros grupos. Se resalta la importancia de utilizar de manera conjunta medidas autoinformadas y heteroinformadas para estudiar variables relacionadas con el ajuste psicológico de víctimas y agresores.Palabras clave: Autocompasión; bullying; autoestima; adolescencia; afecto; autoinforme; informe de pares.

Feeling Like a Burden

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
James H. Wirth ◽  
Ashley Batts Allen ◽  
Emily M. Zitek
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Self Compassion

Abstract. We examined the negative outcomes, particularly social costs that result when a person harms their group by performing poorly, and whether self-compassion could buffer against these negative outcomes. In Studies 1 and 2, participants performed poorly and harmed their group or performed equal to their group. Harmful poor-performing participants felt more burdensome, experienced more negative affect, felt more ostracized, anticipated more exclusion, and felt lowered self-esteem than equal-performing participants. Studies 3 and 4 disentangled poor performance from harming a group. Poor-performing participants either harmed the group or caused no harm. Harmful poor-performing participants felt more burdensome and anticipated more exclusion, indicating the additional social consequences of a harmful poor performance over a non-harmful performance. Across studies, trait self-compassion was associated with reduced negative effects.

Affective Outcomes in Competitive Youth Sport: The Influence of Intrapersonal and Socialization Factors

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Brustad
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Affective Outcomes ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Competence Motivation

This study was designed to examine potential correlates of positive and negative affect experienced by young athletes during a competitive sport season. An index of both positive affect, season-long enjoyment, and negative affect, competitive trait anxiety (CTA) were included. The study was grounded within Harter's (1978, 1981a) theory of competence motivation. Male and female participants (N=207) in an agency-sponsored youth basketball league completed self-report measures of self-esteem, perceived basketball competence, intrinsic/extrinsic motivational orientation, perceived parental pressure, and frequency of performance and evaluative worries. Team win/loss records and estimates of each player's ability were obtained from the coaches. Multiple regression analyses revealed that for both boys and girls, greater enjoyment was predicted by high intrinsic motivation and low perceived parental pressure. High CTA was predicted for both boys and girls by low self-esteem. These findings are consistent with predictions stemming from competence motivation theory.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Subjective and Behavioral Responses to Stressful and Smoking Cues Presented in the Natural Environment of Smokers

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L Tomko ◽  
Michael E Saladin ◽  
Nathaniel L Baker ◽  
Erin A McClure ◽  
Matthew J Carpenter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Smoking Cues ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Response To Stress

Abstract Introduction Some evidence suggests that female smokers may show more context-dependent smoking and that males may show more stereotyped smoking (regardless of stress or cue exposure). The goal of this study was to characterize sex differences in response to stressful and smoking cues ecologically presented in daily life and variability in day-to-day smoking behavior. Methods Adult smokers (N = 177) provided ratings of mood and cigarette craving before and after stress and smoking cues were presented four times daily for 14 days via a mobile device. Linear mixed models tested whether (1) female smokers exhibited greater reactivity to stressful cues than male smokers; (2) pre-cue negative affect increased reactivity to smoking cues more in female smokers than male smokers; (3) across both sexes, greater reactivity to stressful and smoking cues correlated with greater quantity of smoking within a day; and (4) female smokers exhibited greater variability in cigarettes per day (CPD) relative to males. Results Relative to male smokers, female smokers reported greater negative affect, stress, and craving in response to stressful cues, but not smoking cues, after accounting for time since last cigarette and pre-cue responding. No sex differences in CPD or variability in CPD were detected. Days with higher subjective reactivity to cues were not associated with increased smoking, in either males or females. Conclusions Sex differences were observed in response to stress but not smoking cues in the natural environment of regular cigarette smokers. Further research is necessary to evaluate whether stress reactivity in female smokers is associated with reduced latency to smoke following stress exposure in daily life. Implications This study provides naturalistic evidence that female smokers may not be more reactive to smoking cues than males, but experience heightened stress and craving following stress exposure. There was no evidence to support the hypothesis that amount smoked per day varied more for females, relative to males, as a result of more context-driven smoking for females.

A momentary assessment study of the reputed emotional phenotype associated with borderline personality disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1231-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Glaser ◽  
J. Van Os ◽  
R. Mengelers ◽  
I. Myin-Germeys
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Borderline Patients

SUMMARYBackgroundStress is postulated to play an essential role in the expression of core borderline symptoms. However, the phenomenology of stress reactivity in borderline personality disorder remains unclear. The current study investigated the phenomenology of stress sensitivity in borderline personality disorder in the flow of daily life and compared this with stress sensitivity in patients suffering from psychotic disorders, a group so far known to report the largest reactivity to stress.MethodA total of 44 borderline patients, 42 patients with psychotic disorder and 49 healthy controls were studied with the Experience Sampling Method (a structured diary technique assessing current context and mood in daily life) to assess: (1) appraised subjective stress related to daily events and activities; and (2) emotional reactivity conceptualized as changes in positive and negative affect.ResultsMultilevel regression analysis revealed that subjects with borderline personality disorder experienced significantly more emotional reactivity to daily life stress compared with both patients with psychosis and healthy controls, as evidenced by a larger increase in negative affect and a larger decrease in positive affect following stress.ConclusionThese results are the first to ecologically validate the incorporation of stress reactive symptoms in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. Borderline patients continually react stronger than patients with psychosis and healthy controls to small disturbances that continually happen in the natural flow of everyday life. Altered emotional stress reactivity may define borderline personality disorder.

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