An analysis of water consumption and prospects for implementing water demand management at household level in the City of Harare, Zimbabwe

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (11-16) ◽  
pp. 925-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Manzungu ◽  
Rose Machiridza
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Water Demand Management Based on Water Consumption Data Analysis in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2827
Author(s):  
Shayma Albannay ◽  
Shinobu Kazama ◽  
Kumiko Oguma ◽  
Takashi Hashimoto ◽  
Satoshi Takizawa
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Consumption Data

In Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the population and water demand have nearly tripled in the last two decades. Thus, it has become critical to curtail the growing water demand. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Abu Dhabi’s residential water demand management through the installation of water-saving fittings. The analysis of water consumption time-series data revealed that water consumption of the three water user categories was significantly different. Briefly: water-tariff exempt users consumed 95.19 m3/d/connection in 2019, followed by nationals with 5.14 m3/d/connection, and expats at 0.7 m3/d/connection. Nationals began saving water in 2011, which was earlier than the water tariff revision of 2015. In a newly developed area of Khalifa City, the water consumption of new residents was 46.0% less than that of old residents, indicating the effectiveness of water-saving fittings installed in new homes following the Housing Rules’ requirements. Then, based on the estimated number of new connections and the fittings’ saving efficiencies, we estimated that water-saving fittings contributed to 73.1% of the water savings since 2011. These results strongly recommend the introduction of an incentive or subsidy for owners of old houses to replace their outdated fittings with water-saving ones.

What are we saving anyway? The results of three water demand management programs in NSW, Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sarac ◽  
D. Day ◽  
S. White
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Incentive Mechanism ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Demand Management

The use of demand management programs to achieve permanent and reliable decreases in water consumption through retrofits of water using equipment is relatively new in Australia, and has been carried out on the basis of models which predict savings, and on results of demand management programs undertaken overseas. The availability of information on actual savings achieved by demand management programs in Australia is extremely limited. This paper outlines the results of the evaluation of three retrofit programs undertaken in NSW, two of which involved a visit by a plumber to households to carry out a retrofit of indoor water using equipment at a subsidised price; the other taking a “hands-off” approach and relying on a discount incentive mechanism to increase the market share of water efficient showerheads.

Water Demand Management and Household Level Metering in Low-Income Areas of Urban Africa

2022 ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Marta Marson
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Water Point ◽  
Urban Africa ◽  
Water Metering

Increasing the level of water metering is an objective of most initiatives for the operational restructuring of African water utilities promoted by donors and development agencies from the 1990s. Water metering penetration is a common benchmarking indicator to measure the performances of water utilities. In contrast with other benchmarks and targets set for the African water sector, which remain largely unmet, water metering at household and at water point levels are quite successful. The study discusses the arguments behind the widespread acceptance of the target of 100% metering, focusing on the suitability of household level metering for low-income settlements of urban Africa. An empirical analysis shows that metering is not an effective water demand management tool for domestic consumption, probably due to the fact that average consumption is already low, and it can hardly be reduced further. The case study shows that universal metering ambitions might discourage household level connections.

scholarly journals Technologies of savings systems that generate greater efficiency in the consumption of drinking water

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Eduardo Flores Medina ◽  
Ana Cristina Castro Guerrero ◽  
Marisol Vazquez Luna ◽  
Berenice Carmona-Valente
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Management Processes

This review article examines the main aspects of drinking water demand management from a technological and cultural perspective as a strategy for the efficient use of urban aqueducts. It is necessary to know the factors that affect the consumption of water in homes in order to generate management processes to solve the misuse of this resource. In the first room, a description of the demand is presented and some investigations are presented. Then some low water consumption devices are described, finally social mechanisms are mentioned to achieve a more efficient use of water.

Water demand management - philosophy or implementation?

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
J.S. Buckle
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Management Philosophy ◽  
Leakage Reduction ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
African Context

This paper describes the introduction of water demand management in the southern African context. Originally a response to drought conditions, water demand management is now a key element in Rand Water's strategy of water cycle management - a mix of interventions that (holistically and continuously) keep the water industry viable and sustainable. This experience points to awareness and community education programmes being an essential companion to the technical interventions such as leakage reduction measures.

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