Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 films obtained by sulfurization under different sulfur-vapor pressures in a sealed ambient

Solar Energy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 484-495
Author(s):  
Neha Kumari ◽  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
Sarang Ingole
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Sulfur Vapor

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CHALCOCITE: ANNEALING AND PLASTIC DEFORMATION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-117
Author(s):  
Raymond Davies
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Silica Glass ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Recrystallization Behavior ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Sulfur Vapor

The recrystallization behavior and deformation of synthetic chalcocite (Cu2S) in the temperature range 400–725 °C was studied microscopically after the compound was annealed in evacuated silica glass capsules and heated under differential pressures in sealed gold capsules. The temperature of recrystallization and grain growth ascribed to the hexagonal cubic inversion, at sulfur vapor pressures much less than 1 atmosphere, was determined at 465 ± 5 °C, with annealing time of [Formula: see text].Experiments involving differential pressures of 8 000 p.s.i. show that chalcocite in the solid state becomes considerably more mobile above 563 ± 10 °C and can readily be injected as a plastic mass to form veins without preservation of deformational textures.Natural bornite and natural galena may also be injected under differential pressure at 640 °C, but some unhealed fractures remain. Flow structure is well-preserved in galena and, under certain conditions, in bornite.Mixtures of bornite and pyrite flowed and recrystallized to chalcopyrite and bornite with exsolved chalcopyrite. No evidence of flowage remained.Chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite are resistant to injection under similar differential pressures and temperatures.

scholarly journals Ultramarines Synthesized under Controlled Sulfur Vapor Pressures

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2645-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Yamaguchi ◽  
Yasushi Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Sulfur Vapor

Scanning electron microscopy of plant cells using a variable-pressure SEM and cryogenic techniques

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
M. Yamada ◽  
K. Ueda ◽  
K. Kuboki ◽  
H. Matsushima ◽  
S. Joens
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Low Temperature Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Use of variable Pressure SEMs is spreading among electron microscopists The variable Pressure SEM does not necessarily require specimen Preparation such as fixation, dehydration, coating, etc which have been required for conventional scanning electron microscopy. The variable Pressure SEM allows operating Pressure of 1˜270 Pa in specimen chamber It does not allow microscopy of water-containing specimens under a saturated vapor Pressure of water. Therefore, it may cause shrink or deformation of water-containing soft specimens such as plant cells due to evaporation of water. A solution to this Problem is to lower the specimen temperature and maintain saturated vapor Pressures of water at low as shown in Fig. 1 On this technique, there is a Published report of experiment to have sufficient signal to noise ratio for scondary electron imaging at a relatively long working distance using an environmental SEM. We report here a new low temperature microscopy of soft Plant cells using a variable Pressure SEM (Hitachi S-225ON).

Determination and prediction for vapor pressures of organophosphate flame retardants by gas chromatography

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhi Wang ◽  
Hongxia Zhao ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Qing Xie ◽  
Jingwen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Vapor Pressures

Vapor pressures of aqueous solutions of (silver, thallium, sodium) nitrate at 98.5.degree.C

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Christine Abraham ◽  
Maurice Abraham ◽  
James Sangster
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Vapor Pressures

Thermodynamic Properties of Energetic Plasticizers: Experimental Vapor Pressures of Methyl-, Ethyl-, and Butyl-Nitroxyethyl Nitramines

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709-1716
Author(s):  
Greta Bikelytė ◽  
Martin A. C. Härtel ◽  
Marcel Holler ◽  
Andreas Neuer ◽  
Thomas M. Klapötke
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Energetic Plasticizers

Patch use and site selection by a rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) in a human-dominated landscape in the West Bank of Palestine

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-573
Author(s):  
Ikram Salah ◽  
Anton Khalilieh ◽  
Burt Kotler
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
The West ◽  
Rock Hyrax ◽  
Patch Use ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Procavia Capensis

AbstractPopulations of rock hyraxes (Procavia capensis) increasingly occur in urbanizing areas of the Palestinian West Bank, and throughout the Middle East, in part due to construction methods that create rock piles that shelter hyraxes. We quantified activity densities of the hyraxes, environmental variables, and plant cover at four sites that differ in urbanization. The highest numbers occurred in the most urban site and peaked in June and October, with hyraxes traveling farther distances from their dens late in the season (October). Sites with higher activity densities of hyraxes had higher vapor pressures, signifying more mesic conditions. Thus, urbanization aids the expansion of hyraxes.

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