Validation of a Leishmania infantum ELISA rapid test for serological diagnosis of Leishmania chagasi in dogs

leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma infecção causada por protozoários tripanosomatídeos do gênero Leishmania, as espécies são: Leishmania donovani e Leishmania infantum (conhecido como Leishmania chagasi na América do Sul). A LV é uma doença parasitária grave, com elevada morbimortalidade em todo o mundo. É considerada a doença tropical mais negligenciada, em termos de desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos. Considerada um importante problema de saúde em todo o Brasil, principalmente na área endêmica de Paracatu-MG. Acomete principalmente crianças com menos de cinco anos de idade. A transmissão ocorre através da picada de fêmeas hematófagas dos vetores Lutzomyia longipalpis ou L. cruzi, infectados pela Leishmania (L.) chagasi. Os sinais clínicos da LV variam de acordo com a resposta imune do hospedeiro, podendo assumir formas assintomáticas, oligossintomáticas e a forma clássica; os principais sinais incluem febre, hepatoesplenomegalia, perda de peso e pancitopenia. Indivíduos não tratados, crianças desnutridas, indivíduos infectados pelo HIV ou em uso de drogas imunossupressoras são grupos de risco, sendo que nesses casos a LV apresenta alta letalidade. O diagnóstico é feito através da demonstração da Leishmania em aspirados de linfonodo, medula óssea e baço; por meio de sorologia, ou teste rápido como o rK39, são amplamente utilizados, e apresentam sensibilidade variável. O tratamento é realizado com antimoniais pentavalentes e anfotericina B lipossomal ou desoxicolato. Não há vacina humana; portanto o combate ao vetor é a melhor medida de prevenção. Relatamos um caso de LV em criança de 04 anos de idade, natural e procedente de Paracatu-MG.

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Estado actual de la leishmaniosis en Costa Rica

Acta Médica Costarricense ◽

10.51481/amc.v51i3.442 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Orlando Jaramillo Antillón ◽

Azálea Espinoza Aguirre ◽

Raquel Lobo Philp

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Leishmania Chagasi ◽

Distribución Geográfica

Se realizó esta investigación, para conocer el comportamiento epidemiológico de esta enfermedad, los vectores relacionados y las especies de leishmanias causantes.Métodos: fuentes de información fueron los boletines epidemiológicos del Ministerio de Salud del 2001 al 2007 y el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos. Se calcularon tasas de incidencia por sexo, grupos de edad, provincia y cantón. Las tasas del último trienio se compararon con una investigación que describe la situación epidemiológica de 1973 a 1975, para identificar cambios epidemiológicos de la enfermedad. La revisión bibliográfica permitió describir las formas clínicas y la distribución geográfica de los vectores que la ocasionan.Resultados y conclusión: la incidencia aumentó de 10,5 del 2001 a 40,7 x100.000 habitantes en el 2007. Los menores de 19 años fueron los más afectados. Talamanca presentó la mayor incidencia cantonal. El agente etiológico más frecuente de la leishmaniosis cutánea es la Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis, aunque también existe la L. (V.) braziliensis. Los mosquitos trasmisores fueron Lutzomyia ylephiletor y L. trapidoi. Los reservorios del parásito son los perezosos: Bradypus griseus y Choloepus hoffmanni y un roedor Heteromys desmarestianus. Existe también la leishmaniosis cutánea atípica, producida por Leishmania infantum (=Leishmania chagasi), productora responsable de un caso de leishmaniosis visceral. L.longipalpis, esta asociada a la transmisión de estas dos últimas formas de leishmaniosis. Debe entrenarse al personal de salud, en la detección de esta enfermedad, y educar a la población.

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Detection of Leishmania infantum amastigotes in neutrophil from peripheral blood in a naturally infected dog

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612021060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Gilsan Aparecida de Oliveira ◽

Vitória Aline Santos Sarmento ◽

Ericka Wanessa da Silva Costa ◽

Rômulo Pessoa-e-Silva ◽

Rayana Carla Silva de Morais ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Late Phase ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Terminal Phase ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

Before And After ◽

Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

Abstract Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a zoonotic disease of high lethality caused by Leishmania infantum in the Americas. In the infected dog, the amastigotes are scarce in blood, especially in the late phase of the disease. This study aimed to report a rare case of L. infantum amastigotes found in neutrophils from peripheral blood of a naturally infected dog in terminal phase of CVL, also describing its clinical status before and after treatment with miltefosine 2%. The dog, which presented as polysymptomatic and with classical signs and symptoms of CVL was submitted to the following tests: Dual Path Platform (DPP) rapid test, ELISA and parasitological examination of peripheral blood. Hematological and biochemical parameters were obtained before and after treatment. All diagnostic tests were positive for CVL. The identification of L. infantum amastigotes inside neutrophils from peripheral blood was confirmed through microscopy, and the species was confirmed by molecular analysis. At the end of the treatment, peripheral parasitemia was not detected, and improvements were observed in clinical and laboratorial parameters. Finally, this atypical finding can be used as example to raise discussions about the real immunological role of neutrophils in late phases of CVL and its clinical/therapeutic implications.

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Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum using Direct Agglutination Test and rKE16 Dipstick Rapid Test in Domestic Dogs from Ardabil Province, Iran

Research Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.3923/jp.2015.102.110 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 102-110

Author(s):

H. Nahrevania ◽

P. Ghaffarine ◽

M. Farahmand ◽

M. Mohebali ◽

F. Zaboli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Direct Agglutination Test

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Anti-leishmanial activity of the antimicrobial peptide DRS 01 observed in Leishmania infantum (syn. Leishmania chagasi) cells

Nanomedicine Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.nano.2013.09.003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 483-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Peter Eaton ◽

Clícia R. Bittencourt ◽

Vladimir Costa Silva ◽

Leiz M.C. Véras ◽

Carlos H.N. Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Peptide ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Leishmania Chagasi

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Evaluation of the rSP03B sero-strip, a newly proposed rapid test for canine exposure to Phlebotomus perniciosus, vector of Leishmania infantum

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0006607 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. e0006607 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Laura Willen ◽

Pascal Mertens ◽

Petr Volf

Keyword(s):

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Phlebotomus Perniciosus

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Evaluation of the performance of three serological tests for diagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs using latent class analysis

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612020105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Asier Basurco ◽

Alda Natale ◽

Katia Capello ◽

Antonio Fernández ◽

María Teresa Verde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Latent Class ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Latent Class Models ◽

Canine Leishmaniasis ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Serological Tests

Abstract Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a disease caused by Leishmania infantum. Serological methods are the most common diagnostic techniques used for the diagnosis of the CanL. The objective of our study was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of one in-house ELISA kit (ELISA UNIZAR) and three commercially available serological tests (MEGACOR Diagnostik GmbH) including an immunochromatographic rapid test (FASTest LEISH®), an immunofluorescent antibody test (MegaFLUO LEISH®) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MegaELISA LEISH®), using latent class models in a Bayesian analysis. Two hundred fifteen serum samples were included. The highest sensitivity was achieved for FASTest LEISH® (99.38%), ELISA UNIZAR (99.37%), MegaFLUO LEISH® (99.36%) followed by MegaELISA LEISH® (98.49%). The best specificity was obtained by FASTest LEISH® (98.43%), followed by ELISA UNIZAR (97.50%), whilst MegaFLUO LEISH® and MegaELISA LEISH® obtained the lower specificity (91.94% and 91.93%, respectively). The results of present study indicate that the immunochromatographic rapid test evaluated FASTest LEISH® show similar levels of sensitivity and specificity to the quantitative commercial tests. Among quantitative serological tests, sensitivity and specificity were similar considering ELISA or IFAT techniques.

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