The significance of the ligamentum arteriosum of the ductus botalli and its junction with the pulmonary artery as a blood pressure regulator in various animals

1938 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Katz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pressure Regulator ◽  
Ligamentum Arteriosum

A Comparison of the Acute Haemodynamic Effects of Propranolol and Pindolol at Rest and during Supine Exercise in Man

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 465s-468s ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Svendsen ◽  
J. E. Carlsen ◽  
O. Hartling ◽  
A. McNair ◽  
J. Trap-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Receptor Blocking ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Β Receptor

1. Dose-response curves for heart rate, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and pulmonary artery pressure were obtained in 16 male patients after intravenous administration of three increasing doses of pindolol, propranolol or placebo. All patients had an uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction 6–8 months earlier. 2. The dose-response curves were obtained at rest and during repeated bouts of supine bicycle exercise. The cumulative dose amounted to 0.024 mg/kg body weight for pindolol and to 0.192 mg/kg body weight for propranolol. 3. At rest propranolol significantly reduced heart rate and cardiac output by 12% and 15% respectively. Arterial mean blood pressure was reduced by 9.2 mmHg. Mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly by 2 mmHg. Statistically significant changes in these variables were not seen after pindolol or placebo. 4. During exercise pindolol and propranolol both reduced cardiac output, heart rate and arterial blood pressure to the same extent. After propranolol mean pulmonary artery pressure was increased significantly by 3.6 mmHg. Pindolol and placebo did not change pulmonary artery pressure significantly. 5. The study suggests that pindolol may offer haemodynamic advantages over β-receptor-blocking agents without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity during low activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and may be preferable in situations where the β-receptor-blocking effect is required only during physical or psychic stress.

scholarly journals A visualized pulmonary arterial thrombus by using a new  echocardiographic view in an intermediate-risk a cute pulmonary embolism  patient: a case report

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanyu Mu ◽  
Feixue Li ◽  
Xiaolin Chen ◽  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Guangping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure

Abstract BackgroundAcute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a life-threatening disease with nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial for the clinical management of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. A new recommended echocardiography view may be of further help in the diagnosis, evaluate the change of the thrombosis and treatment effect.Case presentationWe report a case of a 74-year-old man with a 12-day history of decreased exercise capacity and dyspnoea. The patient was diagnosed intermediate-risk APE as several pulmonary emboli in pulmonary artery were seen in multidetector computed tomographic pulmonary angiography with normal blood pressure and echocardiographic right ventricular overload. And we found a pulmonary artery clot in the right pulmonary artery through transthoracic echocardiography. After 11-days anticoagulation, the patient underwent a reassessment, showed decrease in RV diameter and pulmonary artery thrombus. ConclusionThis case highlights the significant role that echocardiography played in a patient who presented pulmonary embolism with a stable hemodynamic situation and normal blood pressure. The new echocardiographic view could provide correct diagnoses by identifying the clot size and location visually. Knowledge of the echocardiography results of APE would aid the diagnosis.

Circulation and Blood Pressure in the Great Vessels and Heart of the Turtle (Chelydra serpentina)

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Steggerda ◽  
Hiram E. Essex
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Chelydra Serpentina ◽  
Venous Resection ◽  
Septal Defects ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Blood Pressure Patterns ◽  
Turtle Heart

Circulation through the heart of the turtle ( Chelydra serpentina) was studied by means of simultaneous recordings of oxygen saturation, blood-saturation dye curves and pressure measurements in the cardiac chambers and arteries leaving the heart. The saturation levels of the blood leaving the heart via the right and left aortas are the same while pulmonary artery blood is distinctly more venous. Resection of the septal mechanism resulted in oxygen saturations of similar value in all vessels leaving the heart. The dye curves showed that less than 10% of the blood of the turtle may pass from right to left but a much larger volume of blood passes from left to right. The findings in the turtle heart resemble those found in human patients with congenital ventricular septal defects. Blood pressure patterns in the carotid, subclavian arteries and the two aortas are very similar. Systolic pressures in the aortas and pulmonary artery are the same, but diastolic pressure in the pulmonary artery is distinctly lower than in the aortas.

scholarly journals Structural and hemodynamic properties of murine pulmonary arterial networks under hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (11) ◽  
pp. 1312-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan J Chambers ◽  
Mitchel J Colebank ◽  
M Umar Qureshi ◽  
Rachel Clipp ◽  
Mette S Olufsen
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Branching Ratio ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

Detection and monitoring of patients with pulmonary hypertension, defined as a mean blood pressure in the main pulmonary artery above 25 mmHg, requires a combination of imaging and hemodynamic measurements. This study demonstrates how to combine imaging data from microcomputed tomography images with hemodynamic pressure and flow waveforms from control and hypertensive mice. Specific attention is devoted to developing a tool that processes computed tomography images, generating subject-specific arterial networks in which one-dimensional fluid dynamics modeling is used to predict blood pressure and flow. Each arterial network is modeled as a directed graph representing vessels along the principal pathway to ensure perfusion of all lobes. The one-dimensional model couples these networks with structured tree boundary conditions representing the small arteries and arterioles. Fluid dynamics equations are solved in this network and compared to measurements of pressure in the main pulmonary artery. Analysis of microcomputed tomography images reveals that the branching ratio is the same in the control and hypertensive animals, but that the vessel length-to-radius ratio is significantly lower in the hypertensive animals. Fluid dynamics predictions show that in addition to changed network geometry, vessel stiffness is higher in the hypertensive animal models than in the control models.

Circulatory mechanoreceptors in the pond turtle Pseudemys scripta

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (3) ◽  
pp. R216-R219 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Faraci ◽  
H. W. Shirer ◽  
J. A. Orr ◽  
J. W. Trank
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Saline Injection ◽  
Heart Cycle ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pseudemys Scripta

This study was undertaken to characterize cardiovascular receptors in the turtle, Pseudemys scripta, with particular attention being given to neural activity changes associated with alterations in blood pressure. Vagal afferent nerve traffic, synchronous with heart contractions, was recorded in anesthetized artificially ventilated turtles. Action potentials, from receptors that fired regularly during each heart cycle, occurred during ventricular systole. Mechanical probing and vascular occlusion indicated that these receptors were located in the proximal common pulmonary artery including the bulbus cordis region. Bolus injections of saline into the ventricle or the common pulmonary artery caused immediate but transient increases in cardiac synchronous traffic. Prolonged elevation of arterial and ventricular blood pressure, by either saline injection or arterial occlusion, caused increases in receptor discharge of the same duration as the pressure increases. Although these receptors could participate in the regulation of the systemic and the pulmonary circulation, the physiological role for them is presently unknown.

scholarly journals The depressor nerve of the rabbit

1922 ◽  
Vol 93 (651) ◽  
pp. 230-234 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure

Since the discovery of the depressor nerve, much work has been done in connexion with its important influence on the regulation of blood- pressure, but (so far as I am aware) no attempt has been made to determine its histological structure. Origin and Course of the Depressor. Cyont gives the following description of the origin of the nerve. The depressor nerve in the animals worked upon usually begins with two branches at the point of departure of the superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus, one from each of the two nerves. The nerve soon after its origin passes towards the cervical sympathetic, in company with which it descends the neck towards the inferior cervical ganglion. With this ganglion it is often connected by fine branches: it then turns inward past the subclavian artery, and loses itself at the base of the heart, to which it passes from behind between the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Just before entering the heart tissue the two depressors lie close to one another.

scholarly journals Giant Dilatation of the Right Coronary Aortic Bulb with Compression of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Mimicking a Ventricular Septal Defect: Diagnostic workup Using Echocardiography, Heart Catheterization, and Cardiac Computed Tomography

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nina P. Hofmann ◽  
Hassan Abdel-Aty ◽  
Stefan Siebert ◽  
Hugo A. Katus ◽  
Grigorios Korosoglou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Outflow Tract ◽  
Annuloaortic Ectasia ◽  
The Right

Annuloaortic ectasia is a relatively rare diagnosis. Herein, we report an unusual case of an annuloaortic ectasia with asymmetric dilatation of the right coronary bulb mimicking a membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) with Eisenmenger reaction by transthoracic echocardiography. Aortic angiography showed a dilated aortic root and moderate aortic regurgitation. Right cardiac catheterization, on the other hand, exhibited normal pulmonary artery blood pressure and normal pulmonary resistance, whereas normal venous gas values were measured throughout the caval vein and the right atrium, excluding relevant left-right shunting. Further diagnostic workup by cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) unambiguously illustrated the asymmetric geometry of the ectatic aortic cusp and root causing compression of the right heart and of the right ventricular (RV) outflow tract. After review of echocardiographic acquisitions, the blood flow detected between the left and right ventricles (mimicking VSD) was interpreted as turbulent inflow from the left ventricle into the ectatic right coronary cusp. Furthermore, elevated pulmonary artery blood pressure measured by echocardiography was attributed to “functional pulmonary stenosis” due to compression of the RV outflow tract by the aorta, as demonstrated by CCTA.

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