scholarly journals The gene encoding the large subunit of human RNA polymerase II.

1985 ◽  
Vol 260 (28) ◽  
pp. 15204-15210
Author(s):  
K W Cho ◽  
K Khalili ◽  
R Zandomeni ◽  
R Weinmann
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Gene Encoding

Heterobasidion amyloideopsis sp. nov. (Basidiomycota, Russulales) evidenced by morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO ◽  
MALKA SABA ◽  
ABDUL NASIR KHALID ◽  
JIE SONG ◽  
DONALD H. PFISTER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Annual Habit

Heterobasidion amyloideopsis sp. nov., a new poroid wood-inhabiting species from Pakistan, is introduced based on a combination of molecular evidence and morphological characteristics. We generated sequences from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) and the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) and the second subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), focusing on two specimens from Pakistan. We performed phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and bayesian inference methods on two datasets (RPB1+RPB2 and ITS+nLSU+RPB1+RPB2). Both analyses supported the existence of the new species and showed that it formed a monophyletic group within the H. insulare complex as a sister to H. amyloideum. In addition to assessing the origin and divergence of this new species, we focused on the RPB1+RPB2 dataset to perform maximum likelihood based estimation and Bayesian binary analyses. Heterobasidion amyloideopsis is characterized by an annual habit, pileate basidiomata with a rust colored pileal surface, white, obtuse margin, a dimitic hyphal system with simple septate generative hyphae in the trama and clamp connections present on the contextual hyphae, amyloid skeletal hyphae and broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, fairly thick-walled, and asperulate basidiospores.

scholarly journals G-Quadruplex in Gene Encoding Large Subunit of Plant RNA Polymerase II: A Billion-Year-Old Story

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7381
Author(s):  
Adriana Volná ◽  
Martin Bartas ◽  
Václav Karlický ◽  
Jakub Nezval ◽  
Kristýna Kundrátová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Expression Regulation ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
G Quadruplex

G-quadruplexes have long been perceived as rare and physiologically unimportant nucleic acid structures. However, several studies have revealed their importance in molecular processes, suggesting their possible role in replication and gene expression regulation. Pathways involving G-quadruplexes are intensively studied, especially in the context of human diseases, while their involvement in gene expression regulation in plants remains largely unexplored. Here, we conducted a bioinformatic study and performed a complex circular dichroism measurement to identify a stable G-quadruplex in the gene RPB1, coding for the RNA polymerase II large subunit. We found that this G-quadruplex-forming locus is highly evolutionarily conserved amongst plants sensu lato (Archaeplastida) that share a common ancestor more than one billion years old. Finally, we discussed a new hypothesis regarding G-quadruplexes interacting with UV light in plants to potentially form an additional layer of the regulatory network.

scholarly journals Mutations in the second-largest subunit of Drosophila RNA polymerase II interact with Ubx.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-903
Author(s):  
M A Mortin ◽  
R Zuerner ◽  
S Berger ◽  
B J Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Thoracic Segment ◽  
Mutant Phenotype ◽  
Analogous Structure ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
The Third ◽  
Complementation Groups

Abstract Specific mutations in the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RpII215) cause a partial transformation of a structure of the third thoracic segment, the capitellum, into the analogous structure of the second thoracic segment, the wing. This mutant phenotype is also caused by genetically reducing the cellular concentration of the transcription factor Ultrabithorax (Ubx). To recover mutations in the 140,000-D second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RpII140) and determine whether any can cause a mutant phenotype similar to Ubx we attempted to identify all recessive-lethal mutable loci in a 340-kilobase deletion including this and other loci. One of the 13 complementation groups in this region encodes RpII140. Three RpII140 alleles cause a transformation of capitellum to wing but unlike RpII215 alleles, only when the concentration of Ubx protein is reduced by mutations in Ubx.

scholarly journals Sub1 Globally Regulates RNA Polymerase II C-Terminal Domain Phosphorylation

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (21) ◽  
pp. 5180-5193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia García ◽  
Emanuel Rosonina ◽  
James L. Manley ◽  
Olga Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Terminal Domain ◽  
Mrna Metabolism ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The One ◽  
Ctd Phosphorylation ◽  
Transcription Cycle

ABSTRACT The transcriptional coactivator Sub1 has been implicated in several aspects of mRNA metabolism in yeast, such as activation of transcription, termination, and 3′-end formation. Here, we present evidence that Sub1 plays a significant role in controlling phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II large subunit C-terminal domain (CTD). We show that SUB1 genetically interacts with the genes encoding all four known CTD kinases, SRB10, KIN28, BUR1, and CTK1, suggesting that Sub1 acts to influence CTD phosphorylation at more than one step of the transcription cycle. To address this directly, we first used in vitro kinase assays, and we show that, on the one hand, SUB1 deletion increased CTD phosphorylation by Kin28, Bur1, and Ctk1 but, on the other, it decreased CTD phosphorylation by Srb10. Second, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that SUB1 deletion decreased Srb10 chromatin association on the inducible GAL1 gene but increased Kin28 and Ctk1 chromatin association on actively transcribed genes. Taken together, our data point to multiple roles for Sub1 in the regulation of CTD phosphorylation throughout the transcription cycle.

scholarly journals Transcription-dependent redistribution of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II to discrete nuclear domains.

1995 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
D B Bregman ◽  
L Du ◽  
S van der Zee ◽  
S L Warren
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Speckle Pattern ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Pol Ii ◽  
Transcriptional Inhibition ◽  
Tight Association ◽  
Nuclear Domains

A subpopulation of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II LS) is located in 20-50 discrete subnuclear domains that are closely linked to speckle domains, which store splicing proteins. The speckle-associated fraction of Pol II LS is hyperphosphorylated on the COOH-terminal domain (CTD), and it is highly resistant to extraction by detergents. A diffuse nucleoplasmic fraction of Pol II LS is relatively hypophosphorylated on the CTD, and it is easily extracted by detergents. In transcriptionally active nuclei, speckle bound hyperphosphorylated Pol II LS molecules are distributed in irregularly shaped speckle domains, which appear to be interconnected via a reticular network. When transcription is inhibited, hyperphosphorylated Pol II LS and splicing protein SC35 accumulate in speckle domains, which are transformed into enlarged, dot-like structures lacking interconnections. When cells are released from transcriptional inhibition, Pol IIO and SC35 redistribute back to the interconnected speckle pattern of transcriptionally active cells. The redistribution of Pol II and SC35 is synchronous, reversible, and temperature dependent. It is concluded that: (a) hyperphosphorylation of Pol II LS's CTD is a better indicator of its tight association to discrete subnuclear domains than its transcriptional activity; (b) during states of transcriptional inhibition, hyperphosphorylated Pol II LS can be stored in enlarged speckle domains, which under the light microscope appear to coincide with the storage sites for splicing proteins; and (c) Pol II and splicing proteins redistribute simultaneously according to the overall transcriptional activity of the nucleus.

The human gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II

Gene ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuei Mita ◽  
Hideo Tsuji ◽  
Mitsuoki Morimyo ◽  
Ei-ichi Takahashi ◽  
Mitsuru Nenoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Human Gene ◽  
Gene Encoding

scholarly journals Sub1 associates with Spt5 and influences RNA polymerase II transcription elongation rate

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (21) ◽  
pp. 4297-4312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia García ◽  
Alejandro Collin ◽  
Olga Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Mrna Metabolism ◽  
Carboxy Terminal

The transcriptional coactivator Sub1 has been implicated in several steps of mRNA metabolism in yeast, such as the activation of transcription, termination, and 3′-end formation. In addition, Sub1 globally regulates RNA polymerase II phosphorylation, and most recently it has been shown that it is a functional component of the preinitiation complex. Here we present evidence that Sub1 plays a significant role in transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). We show that SUB1 genetically interacts with the gene encoding the elongation factor Spt5, that Sub1 influences Spt5 phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of RNAPII largest subunit by the kinase Bur1, and that both Sub1 and Spt5 copurify in the same complex, likely during early transcription elongation. Indeed, our data indicate that Sub1 influences Spt5–Rpb1 interaction. In addition, biochemical and molecular data show that Sub1 influences transcription elongation of constitutive and inducible genes and associates with coding regions in a transcription-dependent manner. Taken together, our results indicate that Sub1 associates with Spt5 and influences Spt5–Rpb1 complex levels and consequently transcription elongation rate.

Reticulascaceae hyphomycetes from submerged wood in Yunnan, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 348 (3) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAJEEWA S.N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA ◽  
ZONG-LONG LUO ◽  
HONG-YAN SU ◽  
ABDULLAH M. AL-SADI ◽  
RATCHADAWAN CHEEWANGKOON
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Protein Subunit ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Taxonomic Novelties

Asexual members of Reticulascaceae (Glomerellales, Hypocreomycetidae) are generally hyphomycetes and usually found as saprobes occurring on various hosts in lentic habitats. A brief survey of the freshwater fungi in Yunnan Province, China, was carried out and four species of Reticulascaceae were isolated. Morphological examination and sequence analysis of large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (LSU), RNA polymerase II gene encoding the second largest protein subunit (RPB2) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions provide evidence for two taxonomic novelties of Kylindria (K. aquatica and K. chinensis). Two other collections comprised two previously described species of Cylindrotrichum (C. clavatum and C. gorii). Descriptions and illustrations of the above taxa are provided and new species are discussed with comparable taxa.

scholarly journals Multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomy of Amauroderma s. lat. (Ganodermataceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-F. Sun ◽  
D.H. Costa-Rezende ◽  
J.-H. Xing ◽  
J.-L. Zhou ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Multiple Loci ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Amauroderma s.lat. has been defined mainly by the morphological features of non-truncate and double-walled basidiospores with a distinctly ornamented endospore wall. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on species of Amauroderma s.lat. are carried out by morphological examination together with ultrastructural observations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of multiple loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF) and the β-tubulin gene (TUB). The results demonstrate that species of Ganodermataceae formed ten clades. Species previously placed in Amauroderma s.lat. are divided into four clades: Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa and a new genus Sanguinoderma. The classification of Amauroderma s. lat. is thus revised, six new species are described and illustrated, and eight new combinations are proposed. SEM micrographs of basidiospores of Foraminispora and Sanguinoderma are provided, and the importance of SEM in delimitation of taxa in this study is briefly discussed. Keys to species of Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa, and Sanguinoderma are also provided.

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