Attrition resistance of spray-dried iron F–T catalysts: Effect of activation conditions

Rong Zhao; Kandis Sudsakorn; James G. Goodwin; K. Jothimurugesan; Santosh K. Gangwal; James J. Spivey

doi:10.1016/s0920-5861(01)00458-8

Attrition resistance of spray-dried iron F–T catalysts: Effect of activation conditions

Catalysis Today ◽

10.1016/s0920-5861(01)00458-8 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 71 (3-4) ◽

pp. 319-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rong Zhao ◽

Kandis Sudsakorn ◽

James G. Goodwin ◽

K. Jothimurugesan ◽

Santosh K. Gangwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activation Conditions ◽

Attrition Resistance ◽

Spray Dried

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Spray-Dried Iron Fischer−Tropsch Catalysts. 2. Effect of Carburization on Catalyst Attrition Resistance

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ◽

10.1021/ie0006458 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 1320-1328 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Rong Zhao ◽

James G. Goodwin ◽

K. Jothimurugesan ◽

Santosh K. Gangwal ◽

James J. Spivey

Keyword(s):

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Attrition Resistance ◽

Spray Dried

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Attrition resistance and catalytic performance of spray-dried SAPO-34 catalyst for MTO process: Effect of catalyst phase and acidic solution

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jiec.2011.05.009 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 621-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Min Kim ◽

Ho-Jeong Chae ◽

Tae-Wan Kim ◽

Kwang-Eun Jeong ◽

Chul-Ung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acidic Solution ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Attrition Resistance ◽

Spray Dried ◽

Mto Process

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Spray-Dried Iron Fischer−Tropsch Catalysts. 1. Effect of Structure on the Attrition Resistance of the Catalysts in the Calcined State

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ◽

10.1021/ie000644f ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1065-1075 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Rong Zhao ◽

James G. Goodwin, ◽

K. Jothimurugesan ◽

Santosh K. Gangwal ◽

James J. Spivey

Keyword(s):

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Attrition Resistance ◽

Spray Dried ◽

Effect Of Structure

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The effect of pretreatment on the attrition resistance of spray-dried alumina

Applied Catalysis A General ◽

10.1016/s0926-860x(00)00420-8 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 201 (1) ◽

pp. 129-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dongguang Wei ◽

Yulong Zhang ◽

James G Goodwin

Keyword(s):

Attrition Resistance ◽

Spray Dried

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Attrition Resistance and Catalytic Performance of Spray-Dried Iron Fischer−Tropsch Catalysts in a Stirred-Tank Slurry Reactor

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ◽

10.1021/ie034056o ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 1359-1365 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Dragomir B. Bukur ◽

Wen-Ping Ma ◽

Victor Carreto-Vazquez ◽

Lech Nowicki ◽

Adeyinka A. Adeyiga

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Performance ◽

Slurry Reactor ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Attrition Resistance ◽

Spray Dried

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SEM and Auger microanalysis studies of Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each activation condition

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100109768 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 524-525

Author(s):

T. Koshikawa ◽

Y. Fujii ◽

E. Sugata ◽

F. Kanematsu

Keyword(s):

Electron Emission ◽

Secondary Electron ◽

Secondary Electron Emission ◽

Life Time ◽

Activation Process ◽

Beam Diameter ◽

Activation Temperature ◽

Electron Multiplier ◽

Activation Condition ◽

Activation Conditions

The Cu-Be alloys are widely used as the electron multiplier dynodes after the adequate activation process. But the structures and compositions of the elements on the activated surfaces were not studied clearly. The Cu-Be alloys are heated in the oxygen atmosphere in the usual activation techniques. The activation conditions, e.g. temperature and O2 pressure, affect strongly the secondary electron yield and life time of dynodes.In the present paper, the activated Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each condition are investigated with Scanning Auger Microanalyzer (SAM) (primary beam diameter: 3μmϕ) and SEM. The commercial Cu-Be(2%) alloys were polished with Cr2O3 powder, rinsed in the distilled water and set in the vacuum furnance.Two typical activation condition, i.e. activation temperature 730°C and 810°C in 5x10-3 Torr O2 pressure were chosen since the formation mechanism of the BeO film on the Cu-Be alloys was guessed to be very different at each temperature from the results of the secondary electron emission measurements.

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