The Cambridge History of Philosophy of the Scientific Revolution

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Institutional Influences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Reciprocal Influences ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Present Understanding

The early modern era produced the Scientific Revolution, which originated our present understanding of the natural world. Concurrently, philosophers established the conceptual foundations of modernity. This rich and comprehensive volume surveys and illuminates the numerous and complicated interconnections between philosophical and scientific thought as both were radically transformed from the late sixteenth to the mid-eighteenth century. The chapters explore reciprocal influences between philosophy and physics, astronomy, mathematics, medicine, and other disciplines, and show how thinkers responded to an immense range of intellectual, material, and institutional influences. The volume offers a unique perspicuity, viewing the entire landscape of early modern philosophy and science, and also marks an epoch in contemporary scholarship, surveying recent contributions and suggesting future investigations for the next generation of scholars and students.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Harris Sacks
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Natural World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract “Apocalypticism” and “Globalization” are not commonly juxtaposed to one another, with the former taken to begin in ancient times and the latter taken to be a modern phenomenon. This Forum explores the convergence of thoughts about the history of the world and the practices those thoughts engendered among the peoples of Western Europe and the Mediterranean region during the “early modern” era, roughly between 1400 and 1800. Scholars in history and the humanities commonly regard this period as a long transition in a “from-to” narrative when “pre-modern” institutions and intellectual and cultural traditions, characterized by the entanglements of the worldly with the divine, the temporal with the spiritual, the secular with the sacred, and the microcosm with the macrocosm, were transformed into “modernity” by the replacement of beliefs dependent on faith with knowledge established by reason. The essays in this Forum take a different approach by treating the development of modern understandings of the political, social and natural world as emerging from religiously-grounded discourse, debate, and practice in the early modern era.

Philosophic Pride

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
Hugo Grotius ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

This is the first full-scale look at the essential place of Stoicism in the foundations of modern political thought. Spanning the period from Justus Lipsius's Politics in 1589 to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile in 1762, and concentrating on arguments originating from England, France, and the Netherlands, the book considers how political writers of the period engaged with the ideas of the Roman and Greek Stoics that they found in works by Cicero, Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius. The book examines key texts in their historical context, paying special attention to the history of classical scholarship and the historiography of philosophy. The book delves into the persisting tension between Stoicism and the tradition of Augustinian anti-Stoic criticism, which held Stoicism to be a philosophy for the proud who denied their fallen condition. Concentrating on arguments in moral psychology surrounding the foundations of human sociability and self-love, the book details how the engagement with Roman Stoicism shaped early modern political philosophy and offers significant new interpretations of Lipsius and Rousseau together with fresh perspectives on the political thought of Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes. The book shows how the legacy of the Stoics played a vital role in European intellectual life in the early modern era.

Not Dead Yet

Teleology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 150-179
Author(s):  
Jeffrey K. McDonough
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Main Section ◽  
Early Modern Science ◽  
Teleological Reasoning ◽  
New Science ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

It is often maintained that teleology was undermined in the early modern era by the scientific revolution. Hoping to correct this misperception, this essay looks at three areas in which teleology was upheld and developed by three pioneers of early modern science. The first main section argues that teleological reasoning is woven into the very fabric of William Harvey’s revolutionary work in biology. The second main section takes up Robert Boyle’s explicit and systematic defense of teleology and especially his effort to reconcile the methods and views of the new science with a deep-seated commitment to divine teleology. Finally, the last main section explores Pierre Maupertuis’s bold attempt to find a place for teleology in the heart of modern, mathematical physics.

scholarly journals Lutheran Clergy in an Orthodox Empire. The Apppointment of Pastors in the Russo-Swedish Borderland in the 18th Century

Perichoresis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Räihä
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Old Swedish ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract The history of the parishioners’ right to participate in and influence the choice of local clergy in Sweden and Finland can be taken back as far as the late Medieval Times. The procedures for electing clergymen are described in historiography as a specifically Nordic feature and as creating the basis of local self-government. In this article the features of local self-government are studied in a context where the scope for action was being modified. The focus is on the parishioners’ possibilities and willingness to influence the appointment of pastors in the Lutheran parishes of the Russo-Swedish borderlands in the 18th century. At the same time, this article will offer the first comprehensive presentation of the procedures for electing pastors in the Consistory District of Fredrikshamn. The Treaty of Åbo, concluded between Sweden and Russia in 1743, ensured that the existing Swedish law, including the canon law of 1686, together with the old Swedish privileges and statutes, as well as the freedom to practise the Lutheran religion, remained in force in the area annexed into Russia. By analysing the actual process of appointing pastors, it is possible to discuss both the development of the local political culture and the interaction between the central power and the local society in the late Early Modern era.

Colonial British America: Essays in the New History of the Early Modern Era.

1985 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
E. Wayne Carp ◽  
Jack P. Greene ◽  
J. R. Pole
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
British America ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

scholarly journals England’s “Bloody Code” in Crisis and Transition: Executions at the Old Bailey, 1760–1837

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Devereaux
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Old Bailey ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Execution Rates ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

The most celebrated and influential history of execution in England, V.A.C. Gatrell’s The Hanging Tree (Oxford, 1994), uses a survey of execution rates to make two very striking and seemingly persuasive assertions. First, more people were being hanged in early nineteenth-century England than at any time since the early modern era; and second, that the end of capital punishment came far more suddenly than previous studies have recognized. This article acknowledges and extends the importance of Gatrell’s first insight, while arguing that he nevertheless both understates the complexity of developments and overstates the suddenness with which both the letter and the practice of capital punishment were abandoned. It does so through a careful recalculation and analysis of execution rates at London’s Old Bailey courthouse, where execution was practiced on a far larger scale than in any other jurisdiction in the Anglo-American world, and whose practice most profoundly shaped the perceptions of both critics and proponents of capital punishment alike.

Colonial British America: Essays in the New History of the Early Modern Era.

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
David W. Galenson ◽  
Jack P. Greene ◽  
J. R. Pole
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
British America ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era
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