scholarly journals A class of translation planes of square order

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Narayana Rao ◽  
K. Satyanarayana ◽  
G. Vithal Rao
Keyword(s):  
Natural Number ◽  
Ideal Point ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Translation Planes ◽  
Translation Complement ◽  
Ideal Points

A class of translation planes of order p2r, where r is an odd natural number and p is a prime, p ≥ 7, p ≢ ± (mod 10) is constructed. A salient feature shared by all these planes is that one ideal point is fixed by the translation complement and the remaining ideal points are divided into at least two orbits, one of which is of length pr.

scholarly journals On a C–plane of order 25

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Narayana Rao ◽  
K. Satyanarayana
Keyword(s):  
Interesting Property ◽  
Translation Planes ◽  
Translation Complement ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
The Ideal

Rao, Rodabaugh, Wilke and Zemmer [J. Combin. Theory Ser. A. 11 (1971), 72–92] constructed a number of new VW systems called C-systems from the exceptional near–fields and established that they coordinatize translation planes not isomorphic to generalized André planes. In this paper the translation complement of the plane coordinatized by the C-system I–1 has been found. This plane has the interesting property that its translation complement divides the ideal points into two orbits of lengths 10 and 16. Further, the translation complement contains a subgroup isomorphic to SL(2,5) and therefore one of the exceptional Walker's planes of order 25 [H. Luneberg, Translation Planes, Springer-Verlag (1980), pp.235–244] is indeed the C–plane corresponding to the C–system I–1, which was discovered in 1969.

scholarly journals Translation complements of C-planes: (I)

1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
M. L. Narayana Rao ◽  
K. Kuppuswamy Rao ◽  
G. V. Subba Rao
Keyword(s):  
Translation Planes ◽  
Translation Complement ◽  
Finite Translation ◽  
New Class ◽  
Ideal Points

Narayana Rao, Rodabaugh, Wilke and Zemmer constructed a new class of finite translation planes from exceptional near-fields described by Dickson and Zassenhaus. These planes referred to as C-planes are not coordinatized by the generalized André systems. In this paper we compute the translation complement of the C-plane corresponding to the C-system III–1. It is found that the translation complement is of order 6912 and it divides the set of ideal points into two orbits of lengths 2 and 48.

scholarly journals When National Unity Governments are neither National, United, nor Governments: The Case of Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kubinec ◽  
Sharan Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Ideal Point ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Success Story ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Longitudinal Survey Data ◽  
Transitional Democracies ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
The Cost

Is power-sharing an effective way for endangered transitional democracies to reduce political tensions and improve government performance? We provide one of the first quantitative tests of this question in Tunisia, the Arab Spring's only success story. We argue that power-sharing may reduce polarization for a limited time, but at the cost of undermining democratic institutions. To measure polarization, we examine all rollcall votes from Tunisia's first and second post-transition parliaments. We employ a time-varying ideal point model and examine whether power-sharing agreements led to convergence in political parties' ideal points. Our analysis reveals that Tunisia's national unity government in 2015 temporarily moderated political tensions and allowed for parliamentary activity to resume. However, despite a broadening of the coalition in mid-2016, polarization reemerged and crucial legislation stalled. Moreover, longitudinal survey data suggest that the failure of power-sharing in Tunisia contributed to disillusionment with political parties, parliament, and democracy.

Nonparametric Ideal-Point Estimation and Inference

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Tahk
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Ideal Point ◽  
Point Estimation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypothesis Tests ◽  
Consistent Estimation ◽  
Nonparametric Approach ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
Ideal Point Estimation

Existing approaches to estimating ideal points offer no method for consistent estimation or inference without relying on strong parametric assumptions. In this paper, I introduce a nonparametric approach to ideal-point estimation and inference that goes beyond these limitations. I show that some inferences about the relative positions of two pairs of legislators can be made with minimal assumptions. This information can be combined across different possible choices of the pairs to provide estimates and perform hypothesis tests for all legislators without additional assumptions. I demonstrate the usefulness of these methods in two applications to Supreme Court data, one testing for ideological movement by a single justice and the other testing for multidimensional voting behavior in different decades.

scholarly journals On collineation groups of translation planes of orderq4

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-620
Author(s):  
V. Jha ◽  
N. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Translation Plane ◽  
Translation Planes ◽  
Nonsolvable Group ◽  
Translation Complement ◽  
Affine Translation ◽  
Collineation Groups ◽  
Affine Translation Plane

LetPbe an affine translation plane of orderq4admitting a nonsolvable groupGin its translation complement. IfGfixes more thanq+1slopes, the structure ofGis determined. In particular, ifGis simple thenqis even andG=L2(2s)for some integersat least2.

scholarly journals A translation plane of order 25 and its full collineation group

1978 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Narayana Rao ◽  
K. Kuppuswamy Rao
Keyword(s):  
Translation Plane ◽  
Collineation Group ◽  
Translation Planes ◽  
Single Orbit ◽  
Full Collineation Group ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
The Ideal

Ostrom proposed classifications of translation planes on the basis of the action of the collineation group of the plane on the ideal points. There are examples of translation planes in which ideal points form a single orbit (flag transitive planes) and also several orbits (Hall, André, Foulser, and so forth, planes). In this paper the authors have constructed a translation plane in which the ideal points are divided into two orbits of lengths 18 and 8 respectively. A few collineatlons are computed together with their actions. The group of collineations G1 which is transitive on the two sets of 18 and 8 lines separately is calculated. All the collineations that fix L0 are also calculated and they form a group of. If G2 is the group of translations then the full collineation group is shown to be 〈G1, G2, G3〉.

A New Multiprocess IRT Model With Ideal Points for Likert-Type Items

2021 ◽  
pp. 107699862110571
Author(s):  
Kuan-Yu Jin ◽  
Yi-Jhen Wu ◽  
Hui-Fang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Point ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Parameter Recovery ◽  
Irt Model ◽  
Extreme Response ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
Multiple Reference ◽  
Better Than

For surveys of complex issues that entail multiple steps, multiple reference points, and nongradient attributes (e.g., social inequality), this study proposes a new multiprocess model that integrates ideal-point and dominance approaches into a treelike structure (IDtree). In the IDtree, an ideal-point approach describes an individual’s attitude and then a dominance approach describes their tendency for using extreme response categories. Evaluation of IDtree performance via two empirical data sets showed that the IDtree fit these data better than other models. Furthermore, simulation studies showed a satisfactory parameter recovery of the IDtree. Thus, the IDtree model sheds light on the response processes of a multistage structure.

Small Chamber Ideal Point Estimation

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Peress
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Ideal Point ◽  
Point Estimation ◽  
Multidimensional Space ◽  
Incidental Parameters ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
Point Estimators ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Ideal Point Estimation

Ideal point estimation is a topic of central importance in political science. Published work relying on the ideal point estimates of Poole and Rosenthal for the U.S. Congress is too numerous to list. Recent work has applied ideal point estimation to the state legislatures, Latin American chambers, the Supreme Court, and many other chambers. Although most existing ideal point estimators perform well when the number of voters and the number of bills is large, some important applications involve small chambers. We develop an estimator that does not suffer from the incidental parameters problem and, hence, can be used to estimate ideal points in small chambers. Our Monte Carlo experiments show that our estimator offers an improvement over conventional estimators for small chambers. We apply our estimator to estimate the ideal points of Supreme Court justices in a multidimensional space.

Ideal Point Estimation in Political Hierarchies: A Framework and an Application to the US Executive Branch

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Acs
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Point ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Point Estimation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Political Hierarchy ◽  
Public Bureaucracy ◽  
Ideal Points ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract This article develops a procedure for estimating the ideal points of actors in a political hierarchy, such as a public bureaucracy. The procedure is based on a spatial auditing model and is motivated by the idea that while agents within a political hierarchy are typically segregated in different policy fiefdoms, they are bound to a common principal that can scrutinize their policy proposals through selective reviews, or audits. The theoretical model shows how a principal’s decision to audit an agent’s proposal can reveal both actors’ spatial preferences, despite the strategic nature of the interaction. Empirical identification of the ideal points comes from leveraging settings where elections replace principals over time, but not agents. Although the procedure is quite general, I provide an illustration using data on federal regulatory policymaking in the United States and recover ideal point estimates for presidents and agencies across three administrations.

Theory Driven Bias in Ideal Point Estimates—A Monte Carlo Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Ideal Point ◽  
Monte Carlo Study ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Party Government ◽  
Congressional Voting ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Ideal Points

This paper analyzes the use of ideal point estimates for testing pivot theories of lawmaking such as Krehbiel's (1998, Pivotal politics: A theory of U.S. lawmaking. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago) pivotal politics and Cox and McCubbins's (2005, Setting the Agenda: Responsible Party Government in the U.S. House of Representations. New York: Cambridge University Press) party cartel model. Among the prediction of pivot theories is that all pivotal legislators will vote identically on all successful legislation. Clinton (2007, Lawmaking and roll calls. Journal of Politics 69:455–67) argues that the estimated ideal points of the pivotal legislators are therefore predicted to be statistically indistinguishable and false when estimated from the set of successful final passage roll call votes, which implies that ideal point estimates cannot logically be used to test pivot theories. I show using Monte Carlo simulation that when pivot theories are augmented with probabilistic voting, Clinton's prediction only holds in small samples when voting is near perfect. I furthermore show that the predicted bias is unlikely to be consequential with U.S. Congressional voting data. My analysis suggests that the methodology of estimating ideal points to compute theoretically relevant quantities for empirical tests is not inherently flawed in the case of pivot theories.

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