scholarly journals The effect of 13 weeks of running training followed by 9 d of detraining on postprandial lipaemia

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Herd ◽  
Adrianne E. Hardman ◽  
Leslie H. Boobis ◽  
Caroline J. Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Single Session ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Running Training ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Fat Meal

The present study examined the influence of training, followed by a short period of detraining, on postprandial lipaemia. Fourteen normolipidaemic, recreationally active young adults aged 18–31 years participated, in two self-selected groups: three men and five women (BMI 21·7–27·6 kg/m2) completed 13 weeks of running training, after which they refrained from exercise for 9 d; three men and three women (BMI 21·5–25·6 kg/m2) maintained their usual lifestyle. Oral fat tolerance tests were conducted at baseline and again 15 h, 60 h and 9 d after the runners' last training session. Blood samples were drawn after an overnight fast and at intervals for 6 h after consumption of a high-fat meal (1·2 g fat, 1·4 g carbohydrate, 70·6 kJ energy/kg body mass). Heparin was then administered (100 IU/kg) and a further blood sample was drawn for measurement of plasma lipoprotein lipase (EC3.1.1.34; LPL) activity. Endurance fitness improved in runners, relative to controls (maximal O2uptake +3·2 (SE 1·1) ml/kg per minv.− 1·3 (SE 1·2) ml/kg per min; P < 0·05). In the absence of the acute effect of exercise, i.e. 60 h after the last training session, there was no effect of training on either postprandial lipaemia or on post-heparin LPL activity. However, changes during 9 d of detraining in both these variables differed significantly between groups; after 2 d without exercise (60 h test), the runners' lipaemic response was 37% higher than it was the morning after their last training session (15 h test; runnersv.controlsP< 0·05), with a reciprocal decrease in post-heparin LPL activity (P< 0·01). These findings suggest that improved fitness does not necessarily confer an effect on postprandial lipaemia above that attributable to a single session of exercise.

scholarly journals Acute Effect of High-Fat Meal on Endothelial Function in Moderately Dyslipidemic Subjects

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Giannattasio ◽  
A. Zoppo ◽  
G. Gentile ◽  
M. Failla ◽  
A. Capra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Meal

scholarly journals Is the effect of prior exercise on postprandial lipaemia the same for a moderate-fat meal as it is for a high-fat meal?

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Hurren ◽  
Frank F. Eves ◽  
Andrew K. Blannin
Keyword(s):  
Test Meal ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Fasted State ◽  
Prior Exercise ◽  
Fat Meal

Moderate-intensity exercise can lower the TAG response to a high-fat meal; however, the British diet is moderate in fat, and no study to date has compared the effect of such exercise on responses to high-fat and moderate-fat meals. The present work investigated the effect of brisk walking performed 13 h before intake of both high-fat and moderate-fat meals on postprandial plasma TAG concentrations. Eight inactive, overweight men completed four separate 2 d trials, i.e. rest (Con) or a 90-min treadmill walk (Ex) on the evening of day 1, followed by the ingestion of a moderate-fat (Mod) or high-fat (High) meal on the morning of day 2. High-fat meals contained 66 % of total energy as fat, while the percentage was 35 % for moderate-fat meals; both the meals were, however, isoenergetic. On day 2, venous blood was sampled in the fasted state, 30 and 60 min after ingesting the test meal and then hourly until 6 h post-meal. Exercise reduced plasma TAG concentrations significantly (P < 0·001), with no exercise × meal interaction (P = 0·459). Walking reduced the total TAG response to a high-fat meal by 29 % (relative to High Con); the same bout of exercise performed before ingesting a moderate-fat meal lowered total TAG by 26 % (compared with Mod Con). The ability of a single moderate-intensity aerobic exercise bout to lower postprandial TAG concentrations is just as great, in percentage terms, when the test meal ingested is of a moderate rather than a high fat content.

scholarly journals Acute effects of a single unilateral balance training session on ipsi- and contralateral balance performance in healthy young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Muehlbauer ◽  
Leander Abel ◽  
Simon Schedler ◽  
Stefan Panzer
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Practice Condition ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Short Term Effects

Abstract Objective While there is evidence on the short-term effects of unilateral balance training (BT) on bipedal balance performance, less is known on the acute effects of unilateral BT on unilateral (i.e., ipsi- and contralateral) balance performance. Thus, the present study examined the acute effects of a single unilateral BT session conducted with the non-dominant, left leg or the dominant, right leg on ipsilateral (i.e. retention) and contralateral (i.e., inter-limb transfer) balance performance in healthy young adults (N = 28). Results Irrespective of practice condition, significant improvements (p < 0.001, d = 1.27) in balance performance following a single session of unilateral BT were observed for both legs. Further, significant performance differences at the pretest (p = 0.002, d = 0.44) to the detriment of the non-dominant, left leg diminished immediately and 30 min after the single unilateral BT session but occurred again 24 h following training (p = 0.030, d = 0.36). These findings indicate that a single session of unilateral BT is effective to reduced side-to-side differences in balance performance, but this impact is only temporary.

scholarly journals Rapid chylomicron appearance following sequential meals: effects of second meal composition

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Evans ◽  
Pertti J. Kuusela ◽  
Martha L. Cruz ◽  
Ingrid Wilhelmova ◽  
Barbara A. Fielding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Balanced Design ◽  
Plasma Triacylglycerol ◽  
Early Peak ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Meal Composition

Previous studies have noted the presence of an early postprandial peak in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations following successive fat-rich meals. An earlier study has shown that the triacylglycerol in this early peak originates from a previous meal. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of different second meals on the plasma triacylglycerol response. Six healthy subjects were studied on four occasions each. At 5 h following a fat-rich breakfast they ingested one of the following in a balanced design: a fat-rich meal, a low-fat meal, water or nothing by mouth. Blood samples were taken for 2.5 h following the second meal. An early peak in chylomicron and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations was seen following both low-fat and fat-rich second meals but not following water. During studies investigating postprandial lipaemia, further meals must be avoided, even if they contain no fat, although water may be allowed.

scholarly journals Older adults have an altered chylomicron response to a high-fat meal

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber M. Milan ◽  
Anu Nuora ◽  
Shikha Pundir ◽  
Chantal A. Pileggi ◽  
James F. Markworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Chylomicron Particle ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Fat Meal

AbstractAgeing is associated with a prolonged and exaggerated postprandial lipaemia. This study aimed to examine the contribution of alterations in chylomicron synthesis, size and lipid composition to increased lipaemia. Healthy older (60–75 years; n 15) and younger (20–25 years; n 15) subjects consumed a high-fat breakfast. Chylomicron dynamics and fatty acid composition were analysed for 5 h in the postprandial state. Plasma TAG levels were elevated following the meal in the older subjects, relative to younger subjects (P<0·01). For older subjects compared with younger subjects, circulating chylomicron particle size was smaller (P<0·05), with greater apoB content (P<0·05) at all postprandial time points. However, total chylomicron TAG concentration between the groups was unaltered post-meal. Compared with younger subjects, the older subjects exhibited a greater proportion of oleic acid in the TAG and phospholipid (PL) fraction (P<0·05), plus lower proportions of linoleic acid in the TAG fraction of the chylomicrons (P<0·01). Thus, following the ingestion of a high-fat meal, older individuals demonstrate both smaller, more numerous chylomicrons, with a greater total MUFA and lower PUFA contents. These data suggest that the increased postprandial lipaemia of ageing cannot be attributed to increased chylomicron TAG. Rather, ageing is associated with changes in chylomicron particle size, apoB content and fatty acid composition of the chylomicron TAG and PL fractions.

scholarly journals The acute effect of tea consumption with a high fat meal on flow-mediated brachial artery vasodilation in healthy individuals

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Mary C. Corretti ◽  
Yeymi W. DeLeon ◽  
Charles Mangano ◽  
Robert A. Vogel ◽  
Gary D. Plotnick
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Meal

Effects of oxidative stress on endothelial function after a high-fat meal

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Chuan TSAI ◽  
Yi-Heng LI ◽  
Chih-Chan LIN ◽  
Ting-Hsing CHAO ◽  
Jyh-Hong CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Fat Meal

Postprandial lipaemia is known to cause endothelial dysfunction, but its underlying mechanism is still under debate. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of postprandial lipaemia on endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. We measured plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), an antioxidant enzyme, and the urinary excretion of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-PGF2α), a free radical-catalysed product from the oxidative modification of arachidonic acid, in 16 healthy subjects (mean age, 30±5 years) without major coronary risk factors. Plasma high-sensitive C-reactive protein, soluble intercellular cell-adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 were also measured. High-resolution ultrasound was used to assess the flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Blood and urine samples were collected before and 2, 4 and 6 h after a standard high-fat meal (3677 J, containing 50 g of fat). Serum triacylglycerol (triglyceride) increased and FMD decreased significantly after a high-fat meal. Plasma GSH-Px significantly decreased from 27.2±12.3 µg/ml to 25.7±11.8 µg/ml (P=0.022) 2 h after the meal, and urinary excretion of 8-PGF2α significantly increased from 1286±1401 pg/mg of creatinine to 2197±1343 pg/mg of creatinine (P=0.014) at 4 h after the meal. However, there were no significant changes in the levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein and adhesion molecules after a high-fat meal. In conclusion, endothelial dysfunction was observed after consuming a high-fat meal and is associated with augmented oxidative stress manifested by the depletion of serum antioxidant enzymes and increased excretion of oxidative modification products.

scholarly journals A High-Fat Meal Increases Cardiovascular Reactivity to Psychological Stress in Healthy Young Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabijana Jakulj ◽  
Kristin Zernicke ◽  
Simon L. Bacon ◽  
Laura E. van Wielingen ◽  
Brenda L. Key ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Reactivity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Meal

scholarly journals Acute effect of strength training on mood of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome

Reumatismo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
A. Andrade ◽  
R. De Azevedo Klumb Steffens ◽  
S. Mendes Sieczkowska ◽  
D. Reis Coimbra ◽  
G. Torres Vilarino
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Mood Scale

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by chronic pain and frequently associated changes in mood states. The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effect of strength training (ST) sessions on the mood states of patients with fibromyalgia. A total of 110 FM patients were eligible for this study. After the inclusion criteria, twenty-eight women with FM (mean age: 51.88±10.22 years) performed three sessions of ST. Each training session worked the main muscle groups and lasted 60 min. Three sets of 12 repetitions were performed with 1-min intervals between them. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, after one session, and after three ST sessions. The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) was used to assess mood states, and the Wilcoxon test was used to verify differences in mood after one and three ST sessions. The ST practice had positive effects on the patients’ mood states after a single session. Reductions in anger, mental confusion, mood depression, fatigue, and tension were observed. The results of the 3rd ST session were similar. We concluded that a single ST session was sufficient to improve the mood states of patients with fibromyalgia.

scholarly journals Second meal effect: modified sham feeding does not provoke the release of stored triacylglycerol from a previous high-fat meal

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim G. Jackson ◽  
M. Denise Robertson ◽  
Barbara A. Fielding ◽  
Keith N. Frayn ◽  
Christine M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Early Entry ◽  
Cephalic Phase ◽  
Meal Effect ◽  
Fat Meal

The present study was carried out to determine whether cephalic stimulation, associated with eating a meal, was sufficient stimulus to provoke the release of stored triacylglycerol (TAG) from a previous high-fat meal. Ten subjects were studied on three separate occasions. Following a 12 h overnight fast, subjects were given a standard mixed test meal which contained 56 g fat. Blood samples were taken before the meal and for 5 h after the meal when the subjects were randomly allocated to receive either water (control) or were modified sham fed a low-fat (6 g fat) or moderate-fat (38 g fat) meal. Blood samples were collected for a further 3 h. Compared with the control, modified sham feeding a low- or moderate-fat meal did not provoke an early entry of TAG, analysed in either plasma or TAG-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fraction (density <1.006 kg/l). The TRL-retinyl ester data showed similar findings. A cephalic phase secretion of pancreatic polypeptide, without a significant increase in cholecystokinin levels, was observed on modified sham feeding. Although these data indicate that modified sham feeding was carried out successfully, analysis of the fat content of the expectorant showed that our subjects may have accidentally ingested a small amount of fat (0.7 g for the low-fat meal and 2.4 g for the moderate-fat meal). Nevertheless, an early TAG peak following modified sham feeding was not demonstrated in the present study, suggesting that significant ingestion of food, and not just oro-sensory stimulation, is necessary to provoke the release of any TAG stored from a previous meal.

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