Molecular markers indicate that the wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer, may represent a species complex in Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carew ◽  
M. Schiffer ◽  
P. Umina ◽  
A. Weeks ◽  
A. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Aceria Tosichella ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene

AbstractThe wheat curl mite (WCM), Aceria tosichella Keifer, is an eriophyoid pest of cereals, and the vector responsible for transmitting wheat streak mosaic virus. Several authors have suggested cryptic species of this mite identified through morphological variation, but this has never been conclusively demonstrated. Here, we use the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and two nuclear markers (internal transcribed spacer 1 and adenine nucleotide translocase) to show that WCM from Australia consists of at least two separate lineages that may represent putative species. In our study, both WCM variants were widespread and the only eriophyoids found on wheat varieties. The WCM variants were also found on alternate host plants, including some plants not known to host WCM. These results have implications for the control of this pest within Australian cereal crops.

scholarly journals Barley Varieties Stoneham and Sydney Exhibit Mild Antibiosis and Antixenosis Resistance to the Wheat Curl Mite, Aceria tosichella (Keifer)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Maria Aguirre-Rojas ◽  
Luaay Kahtan Khalaf ◽  
Charles Michael Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Aceria Tosichella ◽  
Antibiosis Resistance

The wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella (Keifer), devastates cereal crops worldwide by direct feeding damage and transmission of several deadly viruses. Deployment of cereal crop varieties resistant to A. tosichella is key for reduction of crop yield losses, and management of this mite and associated viruses that it transmits. Barley varieties resistant to A. tosichella are not known to exist. The objectives of this study were to determine if A. tosichella resistance exists in the barley varieties Sydney and Stoneham, which are resistant to the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurjumov), and, further, to determine which categories mediate the resistance. Categories of resistance to both A. tosichella biotypes were evaluated independently in non-choice and choice experiments using wheat varieties Ike and OK05312 as susceptible and resistant controls, respectively. Sydney barley displays mild antixenosis and antibiosis resistance to A. tosichella biotype 1 and 2, respectively. Stoneham barley exhibits only mild antibiosis to biotype 2. No evidence for plant tolerance was found in either barley variety to either mite biotype.

scholarly journals Differences in Aceria tosichella population responses to wheat resistance genes and wheat virus transmission

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luaay Khalaf ◽  
Wen-Po Chuang ◽  
L. M. Aguirre-Rojas ◽  
Peter Klein ◽  
C. Michael Smith
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Aceria Tosichella

Abstract Severe winter wheat yield losses due to infestations of wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer, and mite-transmitted viruses occur in wheat production areas of the United States and Canada. Mite infestation alone causes stunted, chlorotic plants in susceptible wheat varieties, and mites transmit Wheat Streak Mosaic (WSMV), High Plains Wheat Mosaic (HPWMoV), and Triticum Mosaic Virus (TriMV). Wheat curl mites were collected from 25 sites in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Texas, North Dakota, and South Dakota in 2014 and 2015. At each site, mite virulence was determined to wheat plants harboring the Cmc2-, Cmc3-, or Cmc4 mite resistance gene; or Cmc4 plus the Wsm2 WSMV resistance gene. Mites collected from 92%, 36%, and 24% of sites were virulent to susceptible Jagger wheat plants (no Cmc), Cmc2, and Cmc3, respectively. The mega-population consisting of all 25 mite sub-populations was avirulent to 80% of plants containing Cmc4 + Wsm2 or Cmc4. WSMV, HPWMoV, or TriMV was present in mites at 76%, 16%, and 8% of the 25 sites, respectively. Our results will enable breeders to increase the efficiency of wheat production by releasing wheat varieties containing wheat curl mite resistance genes that reduce wheat yield losses.

scholarly journals Wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella, and transmitted viruses: an expanding pest complex affecting cereal crops

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Navia ◽  
Renata Santos de Mendonça ◽  
Anna Skoracka ◽  
Wiktoria Szydło ◽  
Danuta Knihinicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Aceria Tosichella

Phylogeny and divergence times of some racerunner lizards (Lacertidae: Eremias) inferred from mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene segments

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianguang Guo ◽  
Xin Dai ◽  
Dali Chen ◽  
Theodore J. Papenfuss ◽  
Natalia B. Ananjeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Divergence Times ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene

scholarly journals A NEW CRYPTIC SPECIES OF BUSH FROG (AMPHIBIA: ANURA: Raorchestes) FROM THE SOUTHERN EASTERN GHATS, INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
Gaurang G. Gowande ◽  
S.R. Ganesh ◽  
Zeeshan A. Mirza
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Western Ghats

A new cryptic lineage of bush frogs of the genus Raorchestes from the understudied Eastern Ghats of India is described. Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions using mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences suggest that the new species belongs to the Raorchestes charius clade, is sister to the allopatric R. charius of the Western Ghats and support the species-level distinctiveness of the lineage. The new species morphologically resembles R. charius from which it can be distinguished using the following characters: narrower head (HW/SVL 0.31 vs 0.34–0.36), wider inter upper eyelid (IUE/SVL 0.14–0.16 vs 0.11–0.13), greater maximum upper eyelid width (UEW/SVL 0.10–0.12 vs 0.06–0.09) and shorter thigh (TL/SVL 0.32–0.43 vs 0.44–0.51). Acoustic observations from the breeding males further corroborate the distinct specific status of the new species. The discovery of this new species of bush frog from an understudied landscape suggests that additional extensive surveys in the Eastern Ghats would yield several more amphibian lineages yet unknown to science.

scholarly journals The Behavior of Wheat Varieties to Attack By Fusarium Spp. in Different Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Maria ȘOPTEREAN ◽  
Alexandra SUCIU ◽  
Elena NAGY
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Test Version ◽  
Qualitative Nature

Fusarium  is one of the most widespread and damaging diseases of cereal crops (wheat, barley, rye), mainly due to the attack on the ears. In favorable areas for Fusarium , attack causes significant damage in terms of quantity, as a result of reducing the number of berries and THGW's decline, and loss of a qualitative nature, due to lower grain protein content and mycotoxins occurrence. The yield losses caused by Fusarium in wheat, varies from year to year, mainly driven by climatic conditions and technological, source of inoculum and cultivated variety. The objective of this paper was to determine the reaction of wheat varieties to the attack by Fusarium spp. in different test conditions. The researches took place in ARDS Turda, in the Laboratory of Phytopathology. The experiments were located by randomized block method in three replications. Biological material was represented by three varieties of wheat, developed by the Laboratory of Wheat Improvement. Test methods were: uninoculated-untreated, inoculated-untreated, inoculated-treated and uninoculatedtreated. The inoculation was done with the suspension of Fusarium spp. and treatments were applied with products: Falcon 250 EC and Prosaro 460 EC. The manifestation degree of Fusarium was expressed as the percentage of ears and grains infected, and production was expressed by t / ha. After observations and statistical processing of data we can say that the percentage of infected grain varies between 0-16 %, for varieties studied. Yield obtained have been affected by the test version in the two experimental years, the lowest yields were obtained in natural and artificial infection, but without treatment, ranging between 4.7 to 4.9 t / ha in 2010 and 2.8 to 3.9 in 2011.

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