Some observations on the distribution and origin of nitrogen in sheep faeces

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
True Digestibility ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Acetic Acid Water

SUMMARY1. Three methods, based on treatment with neutral detergent or acid detergent, or involving ultrasonic disintegration, are described and compared for the direct estimation of undigested dietary nitrogen in individual samples of sheep faeces. Estimates of the true digestibility of the nitrogen in several sheep diets derived from analyses performed with these methods agreed well with each other, and were in accord with published estimates, derived by extrapolation techniques. Two other methods, based on treatment with phenol–acetic acid–water, and lysozyme–trypsin, respectively, were found to be unsuitable for such estimates.2. The quantitative distribution of nitrogen between undigested dietary residues, bacterial residues, endogenous debris residues and the water soluble fraction was determined chemically. It was concluded that 57–81% of the non-dietary faecal nitrogen was associated with bacterial material.3. Indirect evidence suggested that most of the bacterial nitrogen in faeces originated in the rumen.

Bacterial Cellulose Production Using Monosaccharides Derived from Hemicelluloses in Water-Soluble Fraction of Waste Liquor from Atmospheric Acetic Acid Pulping

Holzforschung ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Uraki ◽  
M. Morito ◽  
T. Kishimoto ◽  
Y. Sano
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Glucose Isomerase ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cellulose Production ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Waste Liquor

Summary The water-soluble fraction (WS) from waste liquor of atmospheric acetic acid pulping was analyzed in order to explore its potential utilization as a carbon source for bacterial cellulose (BC) production. The unpurified WS that contained colored compounds had appreciable antibacterial activity and was therefore not used as a carbon source for BC production with the bacteria Acetobacter xylinum ATCC 10245 and 53582. However, the bacteria produced BC from purified WS of both fir and birch after activated carbon treatment. The yields of BC were much lower compared to those using glucose as a typical carbon source in the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium. In order to improve the cellulose production, monosaccharides derived from hemicellulose sugars in WS were modified. The WS from softwood was reduced by catalytic reduction, i.e. mannose, the major component of softwood monosaccharides derived from hemicelluloses, was converted to mannitol. In the case of hardwood WS, xylose was isomerized with glucose isomerase to xylulose. The yield of BC was considerably enhanced by both modifications of the WS. The yield of BC using the modified WS from the pulping of fir was superior to that using glucose as carbon source.

Impact of Rice Flour Cold-Water-Soluble Fraction Removal on Gelatinization and Pasting Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiai Jiao ◽  
Xiangjin Wei ◽  
Gaoneng Shao ◽  
Lihong Xie ◽  
Zhonghua Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Pasting Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction

FRACTIONATION OF LIVETIN AND THE MOLECULAR WEIGHTS OF THE α- AND β-COMPONENTS

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Martin ◽  
J. E. Vandegaer ◽  
W. H. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Water Soluble Protein ◽  
Hen Egg Yolk ◽  
Hen Egg

Livetin, the major water-soluble protein of hen egg yolk, was found to contain three major components having mobilities of −6.3, −3.8, and −2.1 cm.2 sec.−1 volt−1 at pH 8, µ 0.1, and these have been designated α-, β-, and γ-livetin respectively. The α- and β-livetins were separated and purified electrophoretically after removal of γ-livetin by precipitation from 37% saturated ammonium sulphate or 20% isopropanol. The α-, β-, and mixed livetins resembled pseudoglobulins in solubility but γ-livetin was unstable and this loss of solubility has, so far, prevented its characterization. Molecular weights determined by light scattering, osmotic pressure, and Archibald sedimentation procedure yielded respectively: 8.7, 7.8, and 6.7 × 104 for α-livetin, and 4.8, 5.0, and4.5 × 104 for β-livetin. Under suitable conditions of sedimentation and electrophoresis, egg yolk has been shown to contain three components having the same behavior as the three livetins of the water-soluble fraction.

Water-soluble fraction of mercury, arsenic and other potentially toxic elements in highly contaminated sediments and soils

Chemosphere ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1301-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Rodrigues ◽  
B. Henriques ◽  
J. Coimbra ◽  
E. Ferreira da Silva ◽  
M.E. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction
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