scholarly journals Notes on the growth and biology of the prawn Spirontocaris lilljeborgii (Danielssen)

1954 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Eye Pigmentation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Sexually Mature

SummarySpirontocaris lilljeborgii is a dioecious species and no protandrous hermaphrodites have been seen.The majority of males become sexually mature in the first year (7–9 months). Some of these may die after fertilizing the females and the majority die after fertilizing the females for a second year (18 months old).Only a small proportion of the females breed in their first year, all breed during their second year and a few appear to live for a third year.A first-year female lays from 130 to 160 eggs, and the usual output of a second-year female is from 450 to 650 eggs.Egg laying begins at the end of November and hatching is complete by the end of March.The total incubation period is about 90 days. Eye pigmentation first appears at about half the incubation period (47 days).Juveniles can be distinguished as males and females by the shape of their pleopods within 4–6 months of hatching.

scholarly journals Notes on the growth and biology of the prawn Pandalus bonnieri Caullery

1952 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Size Group ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sexually Mature

Pandalus bonnieri is a dioecious species and no protandrous hermaphrodites have been seen.The breeding season and incubation period for P. bonnieri are described.The number of eggs laid increases with the size of the female. At 16 mm. carapace length the number of eggs is c. 1000 and at 24 mm. carapace length the number of eggs is c. 4000. The number for a single mm. size group varies roughly by ±10%.Both male and female P. bonnieri become sexually mature at about 18 months, and in the Clyde seldom live beyond 3 years of age.The colour of the eggs in P. bonnieri is sage green, in P. borealis blue green, in P. montagui light emerald green and in P. propinquus fawn.Juvenile P. bonnieri can be separated into males and females by the shape of the pleopods within 4–6 months of hatching.

Study of Discontinuing Students at Macquarie University

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Baumgart
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Part Time Students ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Second Year

In a study of discontinuing students at Macquarie University major analyses were based on a sample of 444 students divided into four categories: students still persisting in Term 3 of second year, students who discontinued during first year, students who voluntarily discontinued after first year, and students excluded because of failure at the end of first year. Multiple discriminant analyses were used to relate potential predictors to category membership. Predictors included both entry and process variables. Results are reported separately for full-time and part-time students, and for males and females within these categories. The major findings carry implications for those who need to make management decisions in relation to higher education. Additionally, the paper attempts to highlight some of the design problems inherent in correlational studies and to present selected methodological strategies used in this study to minimize the effects of these problems.

The Diet of the Brown Goshawk, Accipiter-Fasciatus, in Southeastern Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Aumann
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Prey Items

The diet of the brown goshawk, Accipiter fasciatus, was studied during 1980-83 near Macclesfield, VIc. Birds made up 63% and mammals 26% of 1769 prey items. Rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, accounted for 95% of mammalian items. Mammals were estimated to contribute more to dietary biomass than birds (54 v.46%). Other animals recorded in the diet were reptiles (Elapidae and Scincidae), insects (mostly Coleoptera and Orthoptera) and crustaceans (Engaeus spp.). Diet composition varied significantly from year to year, from season to season and, during breeding, between territories in close proximity to one another. There were significant differences in the diets of males and females. Males took relatively more birds (52 v.24%), more insects (41 v.21%) and fewer mammals (2 v. 48%). Differences in food between age classes were also significant. Compared to second-year and older birds, first-year birds took relatively fewer mammals (28 v.43%), fewer birds (23 v.49%) and more insects (43 v.0%).

scholarly journals Observation of Hermann’s Tortoise (Testudo hermanni) C Lutching without the Presence of Males and Eggshell Mortality on a Large Tortoise Farm in Slovenia Over a Three-Year Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stvarnik Mateja ◽  
Lindtner-Knific Renata ◽  
Štokar Žan ◽  
Gregurić Gračner Gordana ◽  
Mićunović Jasna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Second Clutch

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the percentage of hatched and fertilized eggs in female Hermann’s tortoises before and after the removal of males after breeding.A breeding group of Testudo hermanni boettgeri with 50 females and 12 males was included in the study. In the first year, all adults were together in the same habitat until reproductive activity was observed. After the end of May, the males and females were separated for the next two active seasons. The number of eggs and number of second clutches decreased gradually. In the first year, 76.0% of females laid eggs; in the second year, 24.0%; and in the third year, only 8.0%. Second clutches were observed in ten females (26.3%) in the first year, while in the next two years, one female had a second clutch. There was a small but significant correlation between the weight of a single tortoise and the number of eggs laid but no significant correlation between the weight of the tortoise and its average egg weight. The weight (15.1-16.8 g), length (33.9-36.1 mm) and width of each egg (27.5-28.0 mm) was measured.During the laying season, the eggs were put into incubators. The incubation length varied from 52 to 70 days. After the end of incubation, eggshell mortality and its causes (19.3-52.5%) were examined. In the first year, the viability rate of the incubated eggs was 80.7%; in the second year, 80.5%; and in the third year, 47.8%. Among the unhatched eggs in the first year, 62.5% were unfertilized, 53.1% were infected, 28.1% were dehydrated and 21.9% were found in various stages of embryonic development.

Notes on Breeding, Growth and Longevity of the Forester or Eastern Grey Kangaroo, Macropus giganteus Shaw, in Tasmania

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Pearse
Keyword(s):  
Small Proportion ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Summer Peak ◽  
North East ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Almost All

Information is presented on 832 eastern grey kangaroos shot in the midlands and north-east districts of Tasmania. Young were born throughout the year, but with a marked summer peak. Females matured sexually in their second year and 16% gave birth in that year. Adult females almost all appeared to rear one young per year. The sex ratios of 202 pouch young did not differ significantly from 1 : 1. Males and females attained weights of approximately 60 and 30 kg, respectively, by the age of 8 y; their maximum recorded weights were 74 and 38 kg respectively. Longevity exceeds 12 y but only a small proportion of the population reaches this age.

Breeding Biology and Current Status of the Grey Kangaroo, Macropus Fulginosus Fulginosus, of Kangaroo Island, South Australia.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
WE Poole
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Current Status ◽  
First Year ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Western Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Early Exploration ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Length Of Gestation

A distinct large dark brown kangaroo first attracted the attention of Europeans during the early exploration of Kangaroo I. in 1802-03. Although specimens were collected and the kangaroo ade- quately described, its subsequent taxonomic history was confused, and its origin long held to be Tasmania. This fallacy was not corrected until 1923-24. Subsequently the kangaroo has been re- cognized as a subspecies of the western grey kangaroo. Reproduction and growth of the young were examined in both wild and captive kangaroos. Males and females became sexually mature from age 20 months, the oestrous cycle was 34.6+ 3.2 (SD) days and the length of gestation 30.8 � 1.8 days. Births occurred on all months of the year but were more frequent in summer. The pouch life was just over 300 days, while loss of such young usually resulted in return to oestrus after an interval of 6.3 � 0.1 days. Disparity in sex ratio of the young was not significant. During their first year, young were measured each week. Growth curves are presented and linear or quadratic regressions fitted where applicable, together with 95% confidence limits.

An inevitable crisis? From first to second year in counsellor training

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Hugh Crago
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
First Year ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Counsellor Training ◽  
Student Dropout ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Neurological Research ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
And Control

In a seminal 1973 paper, Robert Clark described the very different “cultures” of the first and second year students in a four year clinical psychology PhD programme. The author applies Clark’s template to his own experiences as trainee or trainer in five different counsellor education programmes, one in the US and four in Australia. Each of the programmes, to varying degrees, demonstrates key features of the pattern identified by Clark, where the first year is “therapeutic” and other-oriented, the second is “professional” and self-focused. The author concludes that all the surveyed programmes exhibited some level of “second year crisis”, in which a significant number of students felt abandoned, dissatisfied, or rebellious. The author extends and refines Clark’s developmental analogy (first year = childhood; second year = adolescence) to reflect recent neurological research, in particular, the shift from a right hemisphere-dominant first year of life, prioritising affiliative needs, to a left hemisphere-dominant second year, prioritising autonomy and control. This shift is paralleled later by a more gradual move from a protective, supportive childhood to necessary, but sometimes conflictual, individuation in adolescence. The first two years of a counsellor training programme broadly echo this process, a process exacerbated by the second year internship/placement, in which students must “leave home” and adjust to unfamiliar, potentially less nurturing, authority figures. Finally, the author suggests introducing more rigorous “academic holding” into the first year, and greater attention to “therapeutic holding” of dissident students in the second, hopefully decreasing student dropout, and achieving a better balanced training experience.

Implementation of the Second-year course in an Engineering Professional Spine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umar Iqbal ◽  
Deena Salem ◽  
David Strong
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Research University ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
First Year ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Core Courses ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Time ◽  
Academic Year

The objective of this paper is to document the experience of developing and implementing a second-year course in an engineering professional spine that was developed in a first-tier research university and relies on project-based core courses. The main objective of this spine is to develop the students’ cognitive and employability skills that will allow them to stand out from the crowd of other engineering graduates.The spine was developed and delivered for the first time in the academic year 2010-2011 for first-year general engineering students. In the year 2011-2012, those students joined different programs, and accordingly the second-year course was tailored to align with the different programs’ learning outcomes. This paper discusses the development and implementation of the course in the Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) department.

Exploring the Implementation of Early Math Assessments in Kindergarten Classrooms: A Research-Practice Collaboration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer McDonald ◽  
Rebecca Merkley ◽  
Jacqueline Mickle ◽  
Lisa Collimore ◽  
Daniel Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Math Education ◽  
Kindergarten Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Early Numeracy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
Second Year

Research in cognitive development has highlighted that early numeracy skills are associated with later math achievement, suggesting that these skills should be targeted in early math education. Here we tested whether tools used by researchers to assess mathematical thinking could be useful in the classroom. This paper describes a collaborative project between cognitive scientists and school board researchers/educators implementing numeracy screeners with kindergarten students over the course of three school years. The Give-A-Number task (Wynn, 1990) was used with first-year kindergarten students and the Numeracy Screener [BLINDED] with second-year kindergarten students. Results indicated that educators (N = 59) found the tools feasible to implement and helpful for exploring their students’ thinking and targeting instruction. The Educators’ feedback also helped inform improvements to the implementation of the tools and future directions for both the schools and the researchers. This work emphasizes the importance of transdisciplinary collaboration to address the research-practice gap.

Influence of abiotic factors and hosts on seasonal dynamic of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARVIND KUMAR ◽  
POOJA KHULBE
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
First Year ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Helianthus Annus ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Second Year

Influence of abiotic factors and hosts on population dynamics of green lacewing, Chrysoper lacarnea (Stephens) was studied in sunflower, Helianthus annus (Linn.).The maximum number of C. carnea population was found during mid March –mid April in the first year and mid April – mid May in the second year in sunflower crop. The maximum number of host population viz. egg and larva of Helicoverpa armigera and Myzuspe rsicae population were found during mid March –mid April in both the year and correlation studies revealed the positive and significant correlation between larval population of H. armigera, M. persicae and predator C. carnea. While there was no significant relationship found between eggs of H. armigera and C. carnea. The C. carnea population on H. annus during both the year was positively correlated with maximum temperature and found significant,while negatively correlated with relative humidity.However, no significant correlation of C. carnea was found with minimum temperature in both the year.

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