scholarly journals Guilt, Practical Identity, and Moral Staining

Philosophy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-645
Author(s):  
Andrew Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Practical Identity ◽  
Moral Duties

AbstractThe guilt left by immoral actions is why moral duties are more pressing and serious than other reasons like prudential considerations. Religions talk of sin and karma; the secular still speak of spots or stains. I argue that a moral staining view of guilt is in fact the best model. It accounts for guilt's reflexive character and for anxious, scrupulous worries about whether one has transgressed. To understand moral staining, I borrow Christine Korsgaard's view that we construct our identities as agents through our actions. The contribution of immoral actions to self-constitution explains why moral obligations have priority and importance.

Discretionary Moral Duties

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-72
Author(s):  
R. Jay Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Moral Duties

The topic of Chapter 3 is the idea that there are discretionary moral duties, i.e., duties that cede to the agent who stands under them wide latitude in determining the actions that count as satisfying them. The chapter offers a general framework for thinking about moral obligations, which construes such obligations in essentially relational terms. It then draws on this conception of moral obligation to understand two classes of obligations that are intuitively understood to exhibit wide agential discretion: duties of gratitude and of mutual aid. It argues that the wide agential discretion apparent in these cases makes sense against the background of an understanding of morality as a set of directed obligations that we owe to each other, as individuals. A further important theme is the standing of morality as a source of requirements that make it possible for agents to relate to each other on a basis of autonomy and equality.

scholarly journals The Duty of the Patient to Cooperate

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Löschke
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Moral Dilemma ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Normative Dimension ◽  
Normative Implications

AbstractIn discussing the normative implications of the doctor-patient relationship, medical ethics has mostly focused on the duties of doctors to their patients. This focus neglects an important normative dimension of the doctorpatient- relationship, namely the duties of patients to doctors. Only few authors have discussed the content and ground of the moral duties of patients, and each of these accounts are wanting in some way. This paper discusses patients’ duties and argues that patients have a relationship-dependent obligation to cooperate with the doctor, because doctors have a morally justified interest in fulfilling their moral role obligations as doctors, and by not cooperating, patients make it more difficult for doctors to fulfill their moral obligations. In some cases, failing to cooperate might even create an avoidable moral dilemma for the doctor.

The Moral Nexus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jay Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Moral Standing ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Relational Approach ◽  
Moral Domain ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Prior Relationship ◽  
Moral Requirements ◽  
Moral Demands

This book develops and defends a new interpretation of morality—namely, as a set of requirements that connect agents normatively to other persons in a nexus of moral relations. According to this relational interpretation, moral demands are directed to other individuals, who have claims that the agent comply with these demands. Interpersonal morality, so conceived, is the domain of what we owe to each other, insofar as we are each persons with equal moral standing. The book offers an interpretative argument for the relational approach. Specifically, it highlights neglected advantages of this way of understanding the moral domain; explores important theoretical and practical presuppositions of relational moral duties; and considers the normative implications of understanding morality in relational terms. The book features a novel defense of the relational approach to morality, which emphasizes the special significance that moral requirements have, both for agents who are deliberating about what to do and for those who stand to be affected by their actions. It argues that relational moral requirements can be understood to link us to all individuals whose interests render them vulnerable to our agency, regardless of whether they stand in any prior relationship to us. It also offers fresh accounts of some of the moral phenomena that have seemed to resist treatment in relational terms, showing that the relational interpretation is a viable framework for understanding our specific moral obligations to other people.

Self-efficacy and self-awareness: moral insights to increased leader effectiveness

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cam Caldwell ◽  
Linda A. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Leader Effectiveness ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Ethical Leaders

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationships between self-efficacy and self-awareness and the moral obligations of leaders in understanding and developing these personal qualities. As leaders strive for excellence, self-efficacy and self-awareness can empower them to unlock their own potential and the potential of their organizations and those with whom they work. Design/methodology/approach The paper integrates research of self-efficacy and self-awareness as they pertain to ethical leadership and presents six propositions that increase leadership effectiveness, create value for the organization, and develop leaders considered my trusted by others. Findings The authors argue that greater understanding of self-efficacy and self-awareness is important for individual growth and can enable ethical leaders to empower themselves, their colleagues, and the organization in which they work. Research limitations/implications This research presents six propositions concerning self-efficacy and self-awareness and their influence on effective leadership that can be tested in future research. The ethically based nature of self-efficacy and self-awareness merits additional academic research and practitioner application. Practical implications This paper provides valuable insights to scholars and practitioners by proposing six propositions that will allow leaders to increase their effectiveness and add value to the organization. Social implications Ethical leaders add value by continuously improving themselves. Ethical leaders owe it to others and themselves to be more effective through a greater understanding of self-efficacy and self-awareness. Originality/value Self-efficacy and self-awareness are moral duties associated with the identities of leaders and important for leaders in understanding their own capabilities and identities. Greater knowledge of self-efficacy and self-awareness can enable ethical leaders to be more effective and create value.

Moral Problems of Employing Foreign Workers

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviva Geva
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Work Relations ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
The Government

Abstract:The employment of foreign workers is one of the most crucial problems today in the domain of work relations. Absorbing workers from abroad poses serious questions concerning the moral obligations of the employers as well as the government authorities in the migrant-receiving country. Unfortunately, the moral dilemmas of foreign labor have been largely neglected by business ethics researchers. This paper develops a conceptual framework based on the multinational corporation (MNC) ethical research to help examine the moral obligations of employers and states toward foreign workers, as opposed to citizens. The main argument is that domestic employers, who have the power to affect crucial aspects in the lives of migrant workers, incur obligations to these people and bear moral responsibility for their subsistence. As regards the host country in a universal social order based on the existence of nation-states, the employment of foreign workers poses a genuine ethical dilemma between two valid moral duties: the duty to improve the welfare of nationals and the duty to promote the interests of everyone, regardless of their nationality.

scholarly journals Practical Identity and Duties of Love

Disputatio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 27-50
Author(s):  
Berit Brogaard
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Special Relationship ◽  
Practical Identity ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Moral Duties

Abstract This paper defends the view that we have special relationship duties that do not derive from our moral duties. Our special relationship duties, I argue, are grounded in what I call close relationships. Sharing a close relationship with another person, I suggest, requires that both people conceive of themselves as being motivated to promote the other’s interests. So, staying true to oneself demands being committed to promoting the interests of those with whom we share a close relationship. Finally, I show that the proposed account of special relationship duties circumvents two problems facing self-conception accounts of special relationship duties.

Infinite Lifespans, Terraforming Planets, And Intergenerational Justice

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Adelin-Costin Dumitru ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Intergenerational Justice ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Feasibility Constraint ◽  
The One

When it comes to specifying the moral duties we bear towards future generations, most political philosophers position themselves on what could be regarded as a safe ground. A variant of the Lockean proviso is commonplace in the literature on intergenerational justice, taking the form of an obligation to bestow upon future people a minimum of goods necessary for reaching a certain threshold of well-being (Meyer, 2017). Furthermore, even this minimum is often frowned upon, given the non-identity problem and the challenges this presents to the topic of justice between generations. Additional issues are raised at the level of non-ideal theory, the most significant being the problem of non-compliance (Gosseries and Meyer, 2009).In this paper I intend to probe the limits of “practical political possibility” (Rawls 1999), by inquiring whether embracing the sufficiency view (Frankfurt, 1987; Crisp, 2003; Benbaji, 2005) as a distributive pattern and capabilities as a metric can lead to more burdensome obligations for present generations. More specifically, I try to show that we have a duty to invest in research that aims at prolonging the lifespan of humans (the idea can already be found in the sufficientarian literature, for instance in Farrelly, 2007). Moreover, given the Earth’s limited resources, we ought to encourage the terraforming of other planets in order to make them inhabitable for (future) people.I argue that these two seemingly far-fetched projects are in fact worthwhile goals to pursue on the one hand, and moral obligations on the other hand. Nonetheless, they are not the only ones we ought to take on; for instance, we must simultaneously pursue them and try to improve the prospects of those who fall under a sufficiency threshold here and now. That is, specifying these (prima facie) duties towards future generations is connected with stronger obligations towards the current generation.Towards the end of the paper I engage in a discussion regarding the role of the feasibility constraint in a theory of justice, as rationales pertaining to feasibility are perhaps going to be the most recurrent criticisms raised against my proposal. To that end, I defend limitarian policies, which aim at setting an upper limit to how much money individuals are allowed to possess (Robeyns, 2017; Volacu and Dumitru, 2019).

Ethics of Animal-Assisted Psychotherapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hediger ◽  
Herwig Grimm ◽  
Andreas Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Moral Relevance ◽  
Therapy Animals ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Therapeutic Context ◽  
The One ◽  
Ethical Reflections ◽  
Health And Well Being

Animal-assisted psychotherapy is increasingly popular and attracts considerable attention in science. Integrating animals into therapy aims at generating added value in health and well-being of humans as well as non-human animals. This approach is reflected in the One Health perspective. However, animal-assisted psychotherapy raises issues regarding the ethical standards in the therapy setting in general and ethical reflections about our responsibilities towards therapy animals in particular. According to a dominant account in animal ethics, our moral obligations are based on welfare concerns. But this approach can be supplemented by a contextual view that highlights the moral relevance of particular relationships in animal-assisted psychotherapy. Therapy animals place moral duties on the therapist that go beyond welfare considerations and can be based on relation-based reasoning in the therapeutic context.

The joy of obligation: Human cultural worldviews can enhance the rewards of meeting obligations

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma E. Buchtel
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Heritage Culture ◽  
Confucian Heritage Culture ◽  
Cultural Worldviews

Abstract Is it particularly human to feel coerced into fulfilling moral obligations, or is it particularly human to enjoy them? I argue for the importance of taking into account how culture promotes prosocial behavior, discussing how Confucian heritage culture enhances the satisfaction of meeting one's obligations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document