Adsorption and Mobility of Metribuzin in Soil

The sorption equilibria and relative mobility of metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] were evaluated on 16 soils from the lower alluvial flood plain of the Mississippi River as a function of soil properties. Metribuzin sorption and mobility were significantly correlated with each other and both parameters were significantly associated with clay content, organic matter, and water content at 0, 0.33 field capacity (FC), and 15 bars tension. Prediction equations for adsorption (K1= −1.10 + 0.08 FC) and mobility (Rf= 0.81 − 0.015 FC) indices were developed based on water content at 0.33 bar tension (FC). A competitive effect was observed between the combination of various levels of clay and organic matter as related to metribuzin adsorption.

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Using Multivariate Geostatistics to Assess Patterns of Spatial Dependence of Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity and Selected Soil Properties

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/712403 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Glécio Machado Siqueira ◽

Jorge Dafonte Dafonte ◽

Montserrat Valcárcel Armesto ◽

Ênio Farias França e Silva

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Clay Content ◽

Data Sets ◽

Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽

Multivariate Geostatistics ◽

Northwestern Spain

The apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) was continuously recorded in three successive dates using electromagnetic induction in horizontal (ECa-H) and vertical (ECa-V) dipole modes at a 6 ha plot located in Northwestern Spain. One of the ECadata sets was used to devise an optimized sampling scheme consisting of 40 points. Soil was sampled at the 0.0–0.3 m depth, in these 40 points, and analyzed for sand, silt, and clay content; gravimetric water content; and electrical conductivity of saturated soil paste. Coefficients of correlation between ECaand gravimetric soil water content (0.685 for ECa-V and 0.649 for ECa-H) were higher than those between ECaand clay content (ranging from 0.197 to 0.495, when different ECarecording dates were taken into account). Ordinary and universal kriging have been used to assess the patterns of spatial variability of the ECadata sets recorded at successive dates and the analyzed soil properties. Ordinary and universal cokriging methods have improved the estimation of gravimetric soil water content using the data of ECaas secondary variable with respect to the use of ordinary kriging.

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Relationships between extractable Al, selected soil properties, pH buffer capacity and lime requirement in some acidic Queensland soils

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9920119 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 119 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

RL Aitken

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Buffer Capacity ◽

Clay Content ◽

Ph Buffering ◽

Ph Buffer ◽

Mineral Soils ◽

Chloride Salts ◽

Hydrolysis Of

The objectives of this study were to examine (1) interrelationships between various forms of extractable A1 and selected soil properties, (2) the contribution of extractable A1 to pH buffer capacity, and (3) investigate the use of extractable A1 to predict lime requirement. Aluminium was extracted from each of 60 Queensland soils with a range of chloride salts: 1 M KCl (AlK), 0.5 M CuCl2 (AlCu), 0.33 M LaCl3 (AlLa) and 0.01 M CaCl2 (AlCa). The amounts of A1 extracted were in the order AlCu > AlLa > Alk > AlCa. Little or no A1 was extracted by KC1 or Lac13 in soils with pHw values greater than 5.5 , whereas CuCl2 extracted some A1 irrespective of soil pH. The greater amounts of A1 extracted by CuCl2 were attributed mainly to A1 from organic matter, even though all of the soils were mineral soils (organic carbon 54.7%). Both AlCu and AlLa, were significantly (P < 0.001) correlated with organic carbon, whereas none of the extractable A1 measures was correlated with clay content. AlK and A~L, were poorly correlated to pH buffer capacity. The linear relationship between AlCu and pH buffer capacity (r2 = 0.49) obtained in this study supports the view of previous researchers that the hydrolysis of A1 adsorbed by organic matter is a source of pH buffering in soils. However, the change in CEC with pH accounted for 76% of the variation in pH buffer capacity, indicating that other mechanisms such as deprotonation of organic groups and variable charge minerals are also involved in pH buffering. The ability of CuCl2 and LaCl3extractable Al to estimate lime requirement depended on the target pH. The results suggest that lime requirements based on neutralization of AlLa would be sufficient to raise pHw to around 5.5, whereas requirements based on neutralization of AlCu substantially overestimated the actual lime requirement to pHw 5.5, but gave a reasonable estimation of the lime requirement to pHw 6 5.

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Relationship of soil properties to fractionation, bioavailability and mobility of lead and zinc in soil

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/2201-pse ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 225-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

N. Finžgar ◽

P. Tlustoš ◽

D. Leštan

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Clay Content ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Matter Content

Sequential extractions, metal uptake by Taraxacum officinale, Ruby’s physiologically based extraction test (PBET) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), were used to assess the risk of Pb and Zn in contaminated soils, and to determine relationships among soil characteristics, heavy metals soil fractionation, bioavailability and leachability. Regression analysis using linear and 2nd order polynomial models indicated relationships between Pb and Zn contamination and soil properties, although of small significance (P < 0.05). Statistically highly significant correlations (P < 0.001) were obtained using multiple regression analysis. A correlation between soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil organic matter and clay content was expected. The proportion of Pb in the PBET intestinal phase correlated with total soil Pb and Pb bound to soil oxides and the organic matter fraction. The leachable Pb, extracted with TCLP, correlated with the Pb bound to carbonates and soil organic matter content (R2 = 69%). No highly significant correlations (P < 0.001) for Zn with soil properties or Zn fractionation were obtained using multiple regression.

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Adsorption and Diffusion of Dinitroaniline Herbicides in Soils

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500044362 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 450-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

G. L. Jacques ◽

R. G. Harvey

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

The Other ◽

Silt Loam ◽

Relative Mobility ◽

Water Saturated ◽

And Diffusion ◽

Dinitroaniline Herbicides

Adsorption of benefin (N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine), dinitramine (N4,N4-diethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin [N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide), profluralin [N-(cyclopropylmethyl)-α,α,α-tri-fluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-p-toluidine], and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) was studied in 10 Wisconsin soils. Ratios of the quantity of each herbicide adsorbed and quantities remaining in the soil solution at equilibrium (Kd value) on a Piano silt loam (Typic Argiudoll fine-silty, mixed, mesic) remained relatively constant over a range of concentrations. Herbicide adsorption by the soils was related more closely to soil organic matter than to the other soil chemical and physical properties. Diffusion of the herbicides in Piano silt loam was affected by soil water. Diffusion of trifluralin, profluralin and benefin decreased as soil water increased. Diffusion of dinitramine and fluchloralin did not change significantly with change in water content. Diffusion of oryzalin increased at the highest soil water content. None of the herbicides moved more than 10 mm in the soil during a 17-day period. In unsaturated Piano silt loam, relative mobility of the herbicides was trifluralin ≥benefin>profluralin>fluchloralin>dinitramine≥oryzalin. Oryzalin reached highest mobility in water-saturated soil.

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Evaluations of the effects of soil properties and electrical conductivity on the water content reflectometer calibration for landfill cover soils

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/158/2015-swr ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 10-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Kim ◽

J. Sim ◽

T.-H. Kim

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Clay Content ◽

Liquid Limit ◽

Time Domain Reflectometry ◽

Volumetric Water Content ◽

Unit Weight ◽

Landfill Cover ◽

Dry Unit Weight

This study presents soil-moisture calibrations using low-frequency (15–40 MHz) time domain reflectometry (TDR) probe, referred to as water content reflectometer (WCR), for measuring the volumetric water content of landfill cover soils, developing calibrations for 28 different soils, and evaluating how WCR calibrations are affected by soil properties and electrical conductivity. A 150-mm-diameter PVC cell was used for the initial WCR calibration. Linear and polynomial calibrations were developed for each soil. Although the correlation coefficients (R2) for the polynomial calibration are slightly higher, the linear calibrations are accurate and pragmatic to use. The effects of soil electrical conductivity and index properties were investigated using the slopes of linear WCR calibrations. Soils with higher electrical conductivity had lower calibration slopes due to greater attenuation of the signal during transmission in the soil. Soils with higher electrical conductivity tended to have higher clay content, organic matter, liquid limit, and plasticity index. The effects of temperature and dry unit weight on WCR calibrations were assessed in clayey and silty soils. The sensor period was found to increase with the temperature and density increase, with greater sensitivity in fine-textured plastic soils. For typical variations in temperature, errors in volumetric water content on the order of 0.04 can be expected for wet soils and 0.01 for drier soils if temperature corrections are not applied. Errors on the order of 0.03 (clays) and 0.01 (silts) can be expected for typical variations in dry unit weight (± 2 kN/m3).

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HUBUNGAN KETERSEDIAAN AIR TANAH DAN SIFAT-SIFAT DASAR FISIKA TANAH

Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan ◽

10.29244/jitl.6.2.46-50 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 46-50

Author(s):

Kukuh Murtilaksono ◽

Enny Dwi Wahyuni

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Clay Content ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Sand Content ◽

Wilting Point

This research was conducted to study relationship between soil moisture content and soil physical characteristics that affected the moisture.The soil samples were collected from 22 scattered sites of West Java and Central Java. Analysis of soil physical properties (texture, bulk density, particle density, total porosity and soil moisture retention) and soil chemical property (organic matter) was conducted at the laboratory of Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. Analysis of simple linier regression was applied to know the correlation between soil moisture content and other basic soil physical properties.Availability of soil moisture (pF 4.20 – pF 2.54) significantly correlated with organic matter, total porosity, and micro pores. The higher organic matter content as well as total porosity and micro pores the higher available soil moisture. Soil moisture of field capacity significantly correlated with clay content, sand content, micro and macro pores. The higher clay content and micro pores the higher soil moisture of field capacity. In the contrary, the higher macro pores and sand content the lower the field capacity. Soil moisture of wilting point significantly correlated with clay content and macro pores. The higher clay content the higher the wilting point, while the higher macro pores the lower soil moisture of wilting point. Keywords : Available soil water, field capacity, organic matter, soil pores, wilting point

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SOIL SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOME SOIL PROPERTIES USING FACTOR ANALYSIS IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF FORESTRY MECHANIZATION, KADUNA RESEARCH FARM

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-289 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 695-698

Author(s):

Akinrinshola Dare ◽

Samson O. Okechalu ◽

Bako Amos ◽

Thompson Oluwole Ademola ◽

G. Lapkat Luka

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Spatial Variability ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Size Fraction ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Matter Content ◽

Available Water Content

This paper shows the spatial variability of soil properties and factors that contribute to the pattern of variability in Federal College of Forestry Mechanization Research farm. Nine (9) Soil samples were obtained from various points on the farm using random sampling procedure and these samples were subjected to further for laboratory analysis to determine the particle size fraction, soil pH, organic matter content, and from the data obtained was used to determine the Wilting Point (WP), Saturation Capacity (SC), Field Capacity (FC), Available Water Content (AW), Soil Hydraulic Conductivity (SHC), and Bulk density (BD) using SOILWAT software. Descriptive statistics and factor analysis techniques was used to analyze the data obtained, the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.045 to 61.825% and factor analysis showed that the variability of the soil properties is as a result of the textural characteristics, and organic matter.

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Development of a composite soil degradation assessment index for cocoa agroecosystems in southwestern Nigeria

Solid Earth ◽

10.5194/se-8-827-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 827-843 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sunday Adenrele Adeniyi ◽

Willem Petrus de Clercq ◽

Adriaan van Niekerk

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Clay Content ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Southwestern Nigeria ◽

Assessment Index

Abstract. Cocoa agroecosystems are a major land-use type in the tropical rainforest belt of West Africa, reportedly associated with several ecological changes, including soil degradation. This study aims to develop a composite soil degradation assessment index (CSDI) for determining the degradation level of cocoa soils under smallholder agroecosystems of southwestern Nigeria. Plots where natural forests have been converted to cocoa agroecosystems of ages 1–10, 11–40, and 41–80 years, respectively representing young cocoa plantations (YCPs), mature cocoa plantations (MCPs), and senescent cocoa plantations (SCPs), were identified to represent the biological cycle of the cocoa tree. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 20 cm in each plot and analysed in terms of their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Factor analysis of soil data revealed four major interacting soil degradation processes: decline in soil nutrients, loss of soil organic matter, increase in soil acidity, and the breakdown of soil textural characteristics over time. These processes were represented by eight soil properties (extractable zinc, silt, soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), available phosphorus, total porosity, pH, and clay content). These soil properties were subjected to forward stepwise discriminant analysis (STEPDA), and the result showed that four soil properties (extractable zinc, cation exchange capacity, SOM, and clay content) are the most useful in separating the studied soils into YCP, MCP, and SCP. In this way, we have sufficiently eliminated redundancy in the final selection of soil degradation indicators. Based on these four soil parameters, a CSDI was developed and used to classify selected cocoa soils into three different classes of degradation. The results revealed that 65 % of the selected cocoa farms are moderately degraded, while 18 % have a high degradation status. The numerical value of the CSDI as an objective index of soil degradation under cocoa agroecosystems was statistically validated. The results of this study reveal that soil management should promote activities that help to increase organic matter and reduce Zn deficiency over the cocoa growth cycle. Finally, the newly developed CSDI can provide an early warning of soil degradation processes and help farmers and extension officers to implement rehabilitation practices on degraded cocoa soils.

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PENGARUH BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP DAYA IKAT AIR PADA TANAH ULTISOL LAHAN KERING

Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan ◽

10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.2.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 327-332

Author(s):

Nikodemus Dongga Panda ◽

Uska Peku Jawang ◽

Lusia Danga Lewu

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Water Content ◽

Rice Husk ◽

Rice Husk Ash ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Physical Characteristics ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Observation Data ◽

Dry Land ◽

Organic C

Ultisol is one of the soils with limited physical characteristics. The water content is low, the permeability is not enough to pass water into the soil, and the organic-C content is classified as moderate. So that it affects the soil in storing low water, one solution to overcome the physical characteristics of is to provide organic matter into the soil. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics of Ultisol and to determine the effect of the combination of organic matter from cow dung and rice husk ash on the soil water holding capacity of ultisols on dry land. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Wira Wacana Christian University, Sumba. This study used a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. Observation data were subjected to analysis of variance followed by LSD advanced test with a confidence level of 5%. The results showed that the application of organic matter on the soil significantly affected water content, field capacity, permeability, and C-organic. The application of organic matter can improve soil structure, not soil texture gave a very significant effect, and the treatment that had the best water content was 75% cow dung + 25% rice husk ash.

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Determining the variation of soil properties in the Batumi Delta

10.5194/se-2016-101 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Bülent Turgut ◽

Merve Ateş

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Correlation Analysis ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Clay Content ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Sand Content ◽

Delta Plain ◽

Mean Weight Diameter

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine certain basic properties of soils in the Batumi delta, to determine the relationships of studied properties, and to identify differences with regards to these properties between different sampling sites in the delta that were selected based on the delta morphology. In this context, a total of 125 soil samples were collected from five different sampling sites, and the clay, silt and sand content of the samples were determined along with their mean weight diameter (MWD) values, aggregate stability (AS) values, amount of water retained under −33 kPa (FC) and −1500 kPa (WP) pressure and organic matter (OM) content. Correlation analysis indicated that clay content and OM were positively correlated with MWD, and OM was positively correlated with AS. However, the sand content was found to be negatively correlated with MWD. In addition, clay, silt and OM content were positive correlated with FC and WP. Variance analysis results determined statistically significant differences between the sampling sites with respect to all of the evaluated properties. The active delta section of the study area was characterized by high sand content, while the lower delta plain was characterized by high OM and AS values, and the upper delta plain was characterized by high WMD values, high FC and WP moisture content levels and high clay and silt content. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the examined properties were significantly affected by the different morphological positions and usages of these different areas. These results may help with the management of agricultural lands in the Batumi delta, which has never been studied before.

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