scholarly journals 1.1.2 Helios Zodiacal Light Experiment

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pitz ◽  
C. Leinert ◽  
H. Link ◽  
N. Salm
Keyword(s):  
Angular Resolution ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Effective Wavelength ◽  
The South ◽  
Zodiacal Light

The Z.L. experiment consists of 3 photometers which are mounted rigidly into the s/c with orientations of about 15°, 30° and 90° south of the s/c – XY-plane, which coincides in orbit with the ecliptic plane (see Fig.1). Helios is spinning uith 1 Hz, and the integration time of the experiment is 513 revolutions. The 90° – photometer always looks to the south ecliptic pole and one revolution of the s/c is divided into 8 sectors to get information on the polarization of Z.L. The polarization is measured by a fixed polaroid foil within the photometer which is rotated by the s/c. In the other two photometers one revolution is split into 32 sectors with different angular resolution. Near the antisun where the gradient in Z.L. intensity is small, the sector length is 4 times the length near the sun (see Fig.2). In these 2 photometers the polarization is obtained by 3 differently oriented polarization foils moved by stepping motors. Intensity and polarization of Z.L. is measured in 3 different colors, which are near the international UBV – system (Ažusienis and Straižs 1969), the effective wavelength shifted by about 100 Å to the blue end.

scholarly journals The Zodiacal Cloud Complex

1991 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
A.C. Levasseur-Regourd ◽  
J.B. Renard ◽  
R. Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Symmetry Plane ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Zodiacal Light ◽  
Zodiacal Cloud ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
Cloud Complex ◽  
Two Populations

AbstractThe physical properties of the interplanetary dust grains are, out of the ecliptic plane, mainly derived from observations of zodiacal light in the visual or infrared domains. The bulk optical properties (polarization, albedo) of the grains are demonstrated to depend upon their distance to the Sun (at least in a 0.1 AU to 1.7 AU range in the symmetry plane) and upon the inclination of their orbits (at least up to 22°). Classical models assuming the homogeneity of the zodiacal cloud are no longer acceptable. A hybrid model, with a mixture of two populations, is proposed. It suggests that various sources (periodic comets, asteroids, non periodic comets...) play an important role in the replenishment of the zodiacal cloud complex.

In Situ Measurements of Interplanetary Dust in the Inner Solar System

1980 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 277-278
Author(s):  
E. Grün
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
Interplanetary Dust ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The South ◽  
Orbit Analysis ◽  
Peak Abundance ◽  
Heliocentric Orbit

The Helios 1 spacecraft was launched in December 1974 into a heliocentric orbit of 0.3 AU perihelion distance. It carries on board a micro-meteoroid experiment which contains two sensors with a total sensitive area of 121 cm2. The ecliptic sensor measures dust particles which have trajectories with elevations from −45° to +55° with respect to the ecliptic plane. The south sensor detects dust particles from −90° to −4°. The ecliptic sensor is covered by a thin film (3000 Å parylene coated with 750 Å aluminium) as protection against solar radiation. The other sensor is shielded by the spacecraft rim from direct sunlight and has an open aperture. Micrometeoroids are detected by the electric charge produced upon impact and the ions are mass analysed in a time-of-flight-spectrometer. During the first 6 orbits of Helios 1 around the sun the experiment registered a total of 168 meteoroids, 52 particles were detected by the ecliptic sensor and 116 particles by the south sensor. Most impacts on the ecliptic sensor were observed when it was pointing in the direction of motion of Helios (apex direction). In contrast to that the south sensor detected most impacts when it was facing in between the solar and antapex directions. Orbit analysis showed that the “apex” particles which are predominantly detected by the ecliptic sensor have eccentricities e < 0.4 or semimajor axes a < 0.5 AU. From comparison with corresponding data from the south sensor it is concluded that the average inclination of these particles is below 30°. The excess of impacts on the south sensor have orbit eccentricities e > 0.5 AU. β-meteoroids which leave the solar system on hyperbolic orbits are directly identified by the imbalance of outgoing (away from the sun) and ingoing particles. Mass analyses of the spectra showed that 40% of the observed spectra have the peak abundance above mass 35 amu which are preliminarily identified as iron meteoroids. 40% of the spectra have the peak abundance below mass 35 amu which correspond to chondritic composition. 20% of the spectra could not be identified in either class.

scholarly journals An account of two rainbows, seen at the same time, at Alverstoke, Hants, July 9, 1792

1793 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Coast

On the evening of the 9th of July, 1792, between seven and eight o'clock, at Alverstoke, near Gosport, on the sea coast of Hampshire, there came up, in the south-east, a cloud with a thunder-shower; while the sun shone bright, low in the hori­zon to the north-west. In this shower two primary rainbows appeared, AB and AC, (Tab. I.) not concentric, but touching each other at A, in the south part of the horizon; with a secondary bow to each, DE and DF (the last very faint, but discernible), which touched likewise, at D. Both the primary were very vivid for a considerable time, and at different times nearly equally so; but the bow AB was most permanent, was a larger segment of a circle, and at last, after the other had vanished, became almost a semicircle; the sun being near setting. It was a perfect calm, and the sea was as smooth as glass.

scholarly journals Impact induced electric field signals observed by the Solar Orbiter/RPW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko Morooka ◽  
Yuri Khotyaintsev ◽  
Anders Eriksson ◽  
Niklas Edberg ◽  
Erik Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Decay Time ◽  
Large Amplitude ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Field Amplitude ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Zodiacal Light ◽  
Electric Field Amplitude ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;A large-amplitude impact-induced like electric field signal is often observed by the Radio and Plasma Wave (RPW) Instrument onboard Solar Orbiter. The signal has a sharp increase followed by an exponential decay, typically observed when spacecraft experiences a dust impact. The amplitude can reach several V/m. The impact dust size can be estimated from the electric field amplitude and is similar to the characteristic dust size near the sun expected from the zodiacal-light observations. On the other hand, the signal's decay time is the order of second, unusually long compared to the dust impact signals previously reported by the other spacecraft. We will show the characteristics of these signals and discuss the origin.&lt;/p&gt;

The scientific objectives of the International Solar Polar Mission

1980 ◽  
Vol 297 (1433) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interplanetary Medium ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Gravity Assist ◽  
Spacecraft Mission ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Heliocentric Orbits ◽  
Exploratory Mission

The International Solar Polar Mission (I. S. P. M. ), originally known as the Out-of-Ecliptic Mission, will be the first spacecraft mission to explore the third dimension of the heliosphere within a few astronomical units of the Sun and to view the Sun over the full range of heliographic latitudes. Its main objectives are to investigate, as a function of solar latitude, the properties of the interplanetary medium and the solar corona. The I. S. P. M. is a two spacecraft venture jointly conducted by E. S. A. and N. A. S. A. The two spacecraft will be injected into elliptical heliocentric orbits approximately at right angles to the ecliptic plane, by using the Jupiter gravity assist method, one northwards and the other southwards. After passing nearly above the poles of the Sun, each spacecraft crosses the ecliptic plane and passes over the other solar pole. The complete mission time from launch, foreseen for February 1983, to the second polar passage is approximately 4⅔ years. This paper summarizes the main scientific objectives of the instruments to be carried on this exploratory mission. It concludes with an outline of the payload, the spacecraft, the trajectory and the mission schedule.

scholarly journals IV. An observation of some parelii seen at Canterbury

1699 ◽  
Vol 21 (251) ◽  
pp. 126-127
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The South

February the 26th, 1699/8. being Sunday , about half an Hour after Three in the Afternoon, chancing to look out of a Window that faced South-East, I saw not far from the South to the Westward, an Appearance of somewhat not much unlike the Sun, when seen through Clouds, viz . with its Periphery not exactly defined, from which it likewise differed, in that one half of it was coloured deep Red and Yellow, the other White.

scholarly journals Optimalisasi pembelajaran IPA/Fisika terintegrasi dengan visualisasi isyarat ilmiah Qs. al-A’raf ayat 54

ATTARBIYAH ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Muslimah Susilayati ◽  
Moh Toifur ◽  
Dwi Sulisworo
Keyword(s):  
Science Learning ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Zodiacal Light ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Integrated Science ◽  
The Earth

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi isyarat ilmiah yang terdapat pada QS. Al-A’raf ayat 54, dan software yang dapat digunakan untuk memvisualisasikannya. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada QS. Al-A’raf ayat 54, terdapat penggalan ayat: يُغۡشِى ٱلَّيۡلَ ٱلنَّہَارَ يَطۡلُبُهُ : Dia menutupkan malam kepada siang  yang mengikutinya dengan cepat. Penggalan ayat tersebut dapat dibaca takhfif yakni yughshi dan dibaca tasydid, yakni yughashshi. Penggalan ayat tersebut diartikan keduanya itu saling menutupi yang lain silih – berganti (yang mengikutinya) masing-masing di antara keduanya itu mengikuti yang lainnya dengan cepat. Pada penggalan ayat tersebut mengandung isyarat ilmiah tentang rotasi yang dapat diindera dengan adanya gerak semu harian matahari, bertambah dan berkurangnya intensitas cahaya matahari di bumi ketika tengah malam, fajar kadzib (zodiacal light), fajar shadiq (twilight), pagi, siang, tengah hari, sore, senja, dan malam. Peristiwa rotasi tersebut dapat divisualisasikan dengan animasi menggunakan software Microsof excel, Microsoft powerpoint, Macromedia flash, Phet, dan Modellus. Dengan demikian pembelajaran IPA/Fisika yang terintegrasi menjadi lebih optimal. This study aims to identify scientific cues found in Qs. al-A'raf verse 54, and software that can be used to visualize it. Data obtained through literature studies with descriptive analysis. The results showed that in Qs. al-A'raf verse 54, there is a fragment of the verse: يُغۡشِى ٱلَّيۡلَ ٱلنَّہَارَ يَطۡلُبُهُ (translated: He closed the night to noon). The fragment of the verse can be read takhfif i.e. yughshi, (read tasydid: yughashshi). The fragment of the verse means that both of them cover each other one another - alternately (which follows) each of them follows the other quickly. In the verse contains scientific signals about the rotation and revolution of the earth that can be sensed by the daily pseudo motion of the sun, increasing and decreasing the intensity of sunlight on earth at midnight, dawn of kadzib (zodiacal light), dawn of shadiq (twilight), morning, afternoon, midday, evening, dusk and night. Rotation and revolution events can be visualized with animations using Microsoft Excel software, Microsoft Powerpoint, Macromedia Flash, Phet, and Modellus. Thus integrated science learning becomes more optimal.

Personal Discernment and Dialogue. Learning from ‘the Other’

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Michael Barnes SJ
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
Spiritual Exercises ◽  
The South ◽  
Ignatian Spirituality ◽  
Michel De Certeau ◽  
Personal Interactions ◽  
Ignatius Of Loyola

This article considers the theme of discernment in the tradition of Ignatian spirituality emanating from the Spiritual Exercises of St Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556), the founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). After a brief introduction which addresses the central problematic of bad influences that manifest themselves as good, the article turns to the life and work of two Jesuits, the 16th C English missionary to India, Thomas Stephens and the 20th C French historian and cultural critic, Michel de Certeau. Both kept up a constant dialogue with local culture in which they sought authenticity in their response to ‘events’, whether a hideous massacre which shaped the pastoral commitment and writing of Stephens in the south of the Portuguese enclave of Goa or the 1968 student-led protests in Paris that so much affected the thinking of de Certeau. Very different in terms of personal background and contemporary experience, they both share in a tradition of discernment as a virtuous response to what both would understand as the ‘wisdom of the Spirit’ revealed in their personal interactions with ‘the other’.

The Fable of the Writer in Southern Fiction

Prospects ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 249-266
Author(s):  
Lewis P. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Deep South ◽  
The South ◽  
Southern Fiction ◽  
Yoknapatawpha County ◽  
The One

No scene in Faulkner is more compelling than the one that transpires on a “long still hot weary dead September afternoon” in Yoknapatawpha County, Mississippi, toward the end of the first decade of this century. Quentin Compson sits with Miss Rosa Coldfield in a “dim airless room” still called “the office because her father called it that,” and listens to Miss Rosa tell her version of the story of the “demon” Sutpen and his plantation, Sutpen's Hundred. As she talks “in that grim haggard amazed voice”—“vanishing into and then out of the long intervals like a stream, a trickle running from patch to patch of dried sand”—the 22-year-old Mississippi youth discovers he is hearing not Miss Rosa but the voices of “two separate Quentins.” One voice is that of the “Quentin preparing for Harvard in the South, the deep South dead since 1865 and peopled with garrulous baffled ghosts.” The other voice is that of the Quentin “who was still too young to deserve yet to be a ghost, but nevertheless having to be one for all that, since he was born and bred in the deep South the same as she [Miss Rosa] was.” The two Quentins talk “to one another in the long silence of notpeople, in notlanguage: It seems that this demon—his name was Sutpen—(Colonel Sutpen)—Colonel Sutpen. Who came out of nowhere and without warning upon the land with a band of strange niggers and built a plantation”.

scholarly journals Contributions to Marine Bionomics: III. The Systematic Features, Habits, and Respiratory Phenomena of Portumnus nasutus (Latreille)

1897 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Garstang
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
Water Spring

The crab whose habits I now describe has not previously been recorded as an inhabitant of British seas. I found two specimens, both male, imbedded in a patch of coarse shell sand on the south side of Drake's Island at low water, spring tides: one on August 11th, 1896, and the other on the following day.

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