Feed Additives and Fish Meal for Growing Cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 ◽  
pp. 114-114
Author(s):  
S. Thomas ◽  
C.K. Mackie ◽  
E.A. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Increase Growth Rate ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Ad Libitum

White fish meal and feed additives are used to increase growth rate by young growing cattle in their first winter before being turned out to graze. Some evidence indicates that increased gains may not be retained through the grazing season. A trial was made to measure the effect of fish meal and feed additives, alone or in combination, on performance by young growing cattle during winter and subsequently through the grazing season. Sixty British Friesian castrated male calves were offered silage containing 220g/kg DM ad libitum. There were six dietary supplements.

Food Additives for Growing Cattle

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 117-117
Author(s):  
S. Thomas ◽  
C. K. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Increase Growth Rate ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Ad Libitum

Food additives are used to increase growth rate by young growing cattle in their first winter before being turned out to graze. Evidence indicates that increased gains may not be retained through the grazing season. A trial was made to measure the effect of food additives on the performance of young growing cattle during winter and subsequently through the grazing season. Sixty British Friesian castrated male calves were offered grass silage ad libitum (DM 198g/kg; ME l0.0MJ/kg DM; CP 130g/kg DM) supplemented with either bruised barley or dried, molassed sugar beet pulp.

Molasses and fish meal for growing cattle

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 130-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Thomas ◽  
A Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
List Type ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Ad Libitum

There is evidence that silage may be utilised more effectively when supplemented with sugar rather than starch (Thomas and Rae, 1988). A trial was made to measure the effect of supplementing silage with a sugar-based feed (molasses) or a starch-based feed (barley), in combination with fish meal, on the performance of young growing cattle.Sixty four castrated male calves (Limousin x Friesian and Hereford x Friesian) initially weighing 129 kg were offered grass silage (DM, 200 g/kg; ME, 10.4 MJ/kg DM; CP, 144 g/kg DM) ad libitum with four dietary supplements.Daily supplementation was as follows:1.0.25 kg white-fish meal2.0.25 kg fish meal plus 0.4 kg molasses3.0.25 kg fish meal plus 0.8 kg molasses4.0.25 kg fish meal plus 0.75 kg bruised barleyThe levels of molasses and barley in Treatments 3 and 4 supplied the same amount of dry matter.

Effects of ardacin supplementation on food intake and growth rate of growing and finishing steers

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Keane ◽  
M. P. Read ◽  
A. P. Moloney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Ad Libitum

AbstractArdacin is an antibacterial glycopeptide with ruminal activity. The objective of this study was to measure its effects on food intake and growth rate of growing and finishing steers. Two experiments were carried out simultaneously using the same foods and the same ardacin supplementation levels. In experiment 1, 72 growing steers (8 months old and 240 kg initial weight) in four treatment groups were individually offered a basal diet of grass silage ad libitum. In experiment 2, 44 finishing steers (19 months old and 463 kg initial weight), also in four treatment groups were individually offered a basal diet of grass silage ad libitum plus 3 kg (5 kg for the final 28 days) concentrates per head daily. The four treatments were 0, 50, 125 and 210 mg ardacin per head daily incorporated into 1 kg ground barley. This was offered in addition to the basal diet. The duration of the experimental period was 154 days after which 48 of the growing steers were put to pasture for a 196-day grazing season. The finishing steers were slaughtered following a withdrawal period of 7 days. Mean daily silage dry-matter intakes, and mean daily total metabolizable energy intakes for the treatments as listed above were 4·91, 5·15, 5·10 and 5·03 (s.e. 0·083) kg and 63, 66, 65 and 65 (s.e. 0·7) MJ (experiment 1), and 5·63, 5·62, 5·51 and 5·54 (s.e. 0·059) kg and 108, 108, 107 and 107 (s.e. 0·4) MJ (experiment 2), respectively. In the same order, mean daily live-weight gains during the treatment period were 612, 758, 784 and 798 (s.e. 25·2) g (experiment 1) and 911, 942, 851 and 860 (s.e. 40·0) g (experiment 2). In the growing steers proportionately 0·64 of the weight response to ardacin was retained to the end of the following grazing season. It is concluded that ardacin supplementation increased live-weight gain and improved the efficiency of conversion of food to live weight in growing steers but had no significant effect on finishing steers in this study.

scholarly journals Insulin-like growth factor-I and analogues increase growth in artificially-reared neonatal pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank R. Dunshea ◽  
Chung S. Chung ◽  
Phil C. Owens ◽  
John F. Ballard ◽  
Paul E. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Increase Growth Rate ◽  
Neonatal Pigs ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Ad Libitum

Exogenous insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I has been shown to increase growth rate in neonatal pigs while an analogue of IGF-I, long arginine (LR3) IGF-I, has been shown to be more potent than IGF-I in the rat. Therefore, two studies were conducted to determine whether IGF-I and LR3IGF-I increase growth in the artificially-reared neonatal pig. Expt 1 involved forty-two (2 kg initial weight) pigs infused with either control, IGF-I (2, 4 or 8 μg/h) or LR3IGF-I (2, 4 or 8 μg/h) infusions for 8 d. Pigs were weighed and then offered 1·7 MJ (gross energy) milk replacer/kg0·75 per d. Expt 2 involved eighteen pigs (2 kg initial weight) treated with control saline, IGF-I (8 μg/h) or LR3IGF-I (8 μg/h) infusions. After 9 d an additional pump was inserted to increase the infusion rates of each of the growth factors (16 μg/h) for a further 9 d. Cows' milk was provided ad libitum. In Expt 1 there was no overall effect of growth factors on daily weight gain or slaughter weight. However, milk intake was greater in pigs infused with growth factors (909 v. 867 g/d, P=0·027), with an apparently greater milk intake by the pigs infused with IGF-I compared with LR3IGF-I (920 v. 898 g/d, P=0·12). Infusion of LR3IGF-I decreased plasma IGF-I concentrations, but had no effect on plasma IGF-II concentrations. In Expt 2, neither IGF-I nor LR3IGF-I infusion had any effect upon daily weight gain over the first 9 d of the study. However, over the second 9 d of the study, daily weight gain was increased in LR3IGF-I-infused pigs (457 v. 386 g/d, P<0·01), but not in pigs infused with IGF-I (413 v. 386 g/d, P=0·15). Milk intake was not different during the first 9 d of the study but was significantly greater in pigs infused with growth factors over the second half of the study (3407 v. 2905 g/d, P<0·01). Plasma IGF-binding protein-3 concentrations were highly correlated (R=0·85) with average daily gain over the 3 d preceding blood sampling. In conclusion, exogenous IGF-I and particularly LR3IGF-I can increase growth rate and milk intake in artificially-reared pigs fed ad libitum but not in limit-fed piglets.

A note on the growth and food consumption of crossbred lambs of five sire breeds

1983 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Woolliams ◽  
G. Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Ad Libitum

ABSTRACTLambs, 8 weeks of age, the offspring of sires of the Scottish Blackface, East Friesland, Finnish Landrace, Suffolk and Texel breeds mated to Scottish Blackface females as a common maternal breed were fed ad libitum on a concentrate containing barley and fish meal for 14 weeks. Live weight and food intake were measured at intervals of 2 weeks.Live-weight gain varied between sire breeds, Suffolk crosses having the greatest growth rate and the Blackface lambs the least, but there were no significant differences in their food conversion ratios. Food intakes were compared with those predicted by two methods. When the only criteria for prediction were live weight and the metabolizability of the diet the prediction was poor, whereas very accurate agreement was found when the criteria for prediction included consideration of the changes in energy efficiency with food intake and with maturity.

The Effect of Feeding System on the Carcass Quality of Crossbred Lambs with Texel

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Angela Cividini ◽  
Dušan Terčič ◽  
Mojca Simčič
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Carcass Cuts

The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of feeding system on the growth rate and carcass quality of crossbred Improved Jezersko-Solčava x Texel (JSRT) lambs and to evaluate the effect of sex on these traits. The trial was conducted in nature according to the traditional rearing systems. The trial included 44 crossbred lambs, which were born and reared until the slaughter in three different flocks. In the age of 10 days suckled lambs were offered with ad libitum corresponding diets according to the feeding system. All lambs were slaughtered in seven consecutive days by the same procedure. The effect of feeding system significantly affected daily gain from birth to slaughter, EUROP carcass conformation and shoulder width. Likewise, the effect of sex significantly affected daily gain from birth to slaughter and internal fatness of carcasses. According to carcass cuts the feeding system significantly affected only the proportion of neck and leg. Considering meat quality traits, feeding system had a significant effect on the pH 45 and CIE a* values. In this study, we could speculate that more than the feeding system the growth and the carcass traits as well as meat traits were affected by the amount of the supplement.

Selection for components of efficient lean growth rate in pigs 2. Selection pressure applied and direct responses in a Landrace herd

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Cameron ◽  
M. K. Curran
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Direct Response ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

AbstractResponses to divergent selection for lean growth rate with ad-libitum feeding (LGA), for lean food conversion (LFC) and for daily food intake (DFI) in Landrace pigs were studied. Selection was practised for four generations with a generation interval ofl year. A total of 2642 pigs were performance tested in the high, low and control lines, with an average of 37 boars and 39 gilts performance tested per selection line in each generation. The average within-line inbreeding coefficient at generation four was equal to 0·04. There was one control line for the DFI and LFC selection groups and another control line for the LGA selection group. Animals were performance tested in individual pens with mean starting and finishing weights of 30 kg and 85 kg respectively with ad-libitum feeding. The selection criteria had phenotypic s.d. of 32, 29 and 274 units, for LGA, LFC and DFI, respectively, and results are presented in phenotypic s.d.Cumulative selection differentials (CSD) were 5·1, 4·5 and 5·5 phenotypic s.d. for LGA, LFC and DFI, respectively. Direct responses to selection were 1·4,1·1 and 0·9 (s.e. 0·20) for LGA, LFC and DFI. In each of the three selection groups, the CSD and direct responses to selection were symmetric about the control lines. The correlated response in LFC (1·1, s.e. 0·19) with selection on LGA was equal to the direct response in LFC. In contrast, the direct response in LGA was greater than the correlated response (0·7, s.e. 0·18) with selection on LFC. There was a negative correlated response in DFI (-0·6, s.e. 0·18) with selection on LFC, but the response with selection on LGA was not significant (0·2, s.e. 0·16).Heritabilities for LGA, LFC and DFI ivere 0·25, 0·25 and 0·18 (s.e. 0·03), when estimated by residual maximum likelihood, with common environmental effects of 0·12 (s.e. 0·02). Genetic correlations for LFC with LGA and DFI were respectively positive (0·87, s.e. 0·02) and negative (-0·36, s.e. 0·09), while the genetic correlation between DFI and LGA was not statistically different from zero, 0·13 (s.e. 0·10). Selection on components of efficient lean growth has identified LGA as an effective selection objective for improving both LGA and LFC, without a reduction in DFI.

Nutrition of the early-weaned calf. IX. Nitrogen retention from different protein sources in calves fed ad libitum

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kay ◽  
T. R. Preston ◽  
N. A. MacLeod ◽  
Euphemia B. Philip
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Groundnut Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

1. Nitrogen balance studies were conducted on 8 early-weaned calves fed on four diets containing respectively Peruvian fish meal, soya bean meal, groundnut meal and dried distillers grains as the major sources of protein.2. Nitrogen retention differed significantly between diets, being highest on the fish meal diet, and lowest on the groundnut diet.

scholarly journals In vitro culture as an aid to conservation of indigenous ferns: Diplazium proliferum

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubeir M. Golamaully ◽  
Vishwakalyan Bhoyroo ◽  
Nadeem Nazurally ◽  
Vineshwar Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Increase Growth Rate ◽  
Growing Population

With the ever growing population and economic needs of Mauritius, the flora of Mauritius has never been in more danger and one group of vascular plants is even more in peril; ferns.<em> Diplazium proliferum</em> is indigenous to the Mascarene region and is considered as a rare species in Mauritius. The need to develop a tested <em>in vitro</em> propagation protocol is a must to protect the biodiversity of Mauritius. This experiment was geared towards the establishment of a proper sterilization technique and the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and light on <em>in vitro</em> culture of this fern. Sterilization with 0.05% Mercuric chloride was effective to eliminate fungal contamination and allow germination of spores. Culture media supplemented with BAP did not significantly increase growth rate of both gametophytes and sporophytes of<em> D. proliferum</em>. Present results suggest efficient sterilization methods to be a crucial stage for successful<em> in vitro r</em>egeneration of ferns. The established protocol will be used as an optimized baseline protocol for the propagation of other indigenous ferns.

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