Multi-level social-ecological networks in a payments for ecosystem services programme in central Veracruz, Mexico

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alfonso Langle-Flores ◽  
Adriana Aguilar Rodríguez ◽  
Humberto Romero-Uribe ◽  
Julia Ros-Cuéllar ◽  
Juan José Von Thaden
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Conservation Activity ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Hydrological Services

Summary Payments for ecosystem services (PES) programmes have been considered an important conservation mechanism to avoid deforestation. These environmental policies act in social and ecological contexts at different spatial scales. We evaluated the social-ecological fit between stakeholders and ecosystem processes in a local PES programme across three levels: social, ecological and social-ecological. We explored collaboration among stakeholders, assessed connectivity between forest units and evaluated conservation activity links between stakeholders and forest units. In addition, to increase programme effectiveness, we classified forest units based on their social and ecological importance. Our main findings suggest that non-governmental organizations occupy brokerage positions between landowners and government in a dense collaboration network. We also found a partial spatial misfit between conservation activity links and the forest units that provide the most hydrological services to Xalapa. We conclude that conservation efforts should be directed towards the middle and high part of the Pixquiac sub-watershed and that the role of non-governmental organizations as mediators should be strengthened to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the local PES programme.

scholarly journals Coastal Climate Adaptation Literatures of the Southeast and Northeast U.S.: Regional Comparisons among States and Document Sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Kenyon Lindeman ◽  
Christos Giannoulis ◽  
Bryce Beard
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New England ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Almost All

Challenges remain in optimizing the use of increasingly large inflows of climate adaptation articles and guidance documents to improve coastal science and engineering practices. In addition to four major academic databases, the large grey literature was quantified by analyzing web sources of hundreds of government, nonprofit and university reports not previously included in reviews. Three spatial scales were examined for differences in amount and timing of adaptation documents: (a) between region (southeast and northeast U.S.); (b) among sub-region (Florida and Carolinas; New York/New Jersey and New England); and (c) among states (ten states total). Comparisons were also made across spatial scales for document sources (academic journals, government, non-governmental organizations (NGO), university, mixed sources), including four governance subcategories (federal, state, regional and local). Differences were identified among some spatial scales in academic vs. grey literature and among categories of grey literature. 53% of the literature was from grey sources (21% government, 10% university, 8% nonprofit and 14% mixed sources). This literature can be large and is grounded in applied, experiential knowledge, yet is unavailable in almost all academic databases. These relatively hidden documents provide insight into on-the-ground science and engineering case-histories, policy innovations, and power relationships across scales of geography and governance.

scholarly journals Social-ecological enabling conditions for payments for ecosystem services

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi R. Huber-Stearns ◽  
Drew E. Bennett ◽  
Stephen Posner ◽  
Ryan C. Richards ◽  
Jenn Hoyle Fair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Social Ecological

scholarly journals How much does it cost to save a species from extinction? Costs and rewards of conserving the Lear's macaw

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 190190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio E. A. Barbosa ◽  
José L. Tella
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Over Time

Although the limited resources available to save species from extinction necessitate the optimization of conservation actions, little is known about their costs and effectiveness. We developed a costs–rewards framework that integrates information on which sectors of society contribute to funding conservation, how much is contributed, how funds are distributed among conservation targets and how these investments drive not only conservation rewards but also the economic and ecosystem services that benefit society. We applied this framework to the Lear's macaw ( Anodorhynchus leari ), a species discovered in the wild in 1978 with only 60 individuals. Funds invested over the last 25 years reached US$3.66 million. The contribution of governments, non-governmental organizations and private funders varied over time, as did the funding targets. Funds were proportionally invested to mitigate the main causes of mortality, while no funds were devoted to protecting foraging habitats. Conservation rewards were satisfactory, with the cost and time needed to downlist the species from critically endangered to endangered being similar to those invested in other bird species. However, economic rewards (through ecotourism and handicrafts linked to the conservation of the species) were low and require promotion, while ecosystem services provided by Lear's macaws have yet to be quantified.

Conservation in the Anthropocene

2019 ◽  
pp. 213-262
Author(s):  
Richard T. Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Biodiversity Offsets ◽  
The Face ◽  
Planning Methods

This chapter considers options for conserving the biodiversity of Tropical East Asia in the face of the pervasive threats described in previous chapters. Sources of funding are first considered, including domestic governments, foreign aid, non-governmental organizations, businesses, payments for ecosystem services, REDD+, biodiversity offsets, tourism, and eco-certification. The next section discusses the use of surrogates in conservation planning, methods of prioritizing species, and various approaches to prioritizing areas and ecosystems. The establishment of new protected areas is dealt with along with alternative models for protection. This is followed by the options for reducing unsustainable exploitation of timber, wildlife, and other forest products, controlling fires, managing invasive species, and minimizing the magnitude and impacts of climate change. The potential for restoring forests and reintroducing species is then discussed. The chapter ends with sections on education and related issues, and a discussion of possible ways forward for biodiversity conservation in Tropical East Asia.

scholarly journals Capitalizing on nature: how to implement an ecosystem approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison R. Holt ◽  
Caroline Hattam
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

The Natural Capital Initiative ( www.naturalcapitalinitiative.org.uk ) held its first conference ‘Valuing our life support systems’ at Savoy Place, London, from 29 April to 1 May 2009. The aim of the conference was to discuss different perspectives on, and solutions to, the conservation and sustainable use of ecosystem services. It particularly focused on the link between the environment and the economy, and how to implement an ecosystem approach to environmental management. This event brought together scientists across the natural and social sciences, alongside representatives from government, non-governmental organizations, business and industry.

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