scholarly journals A non-invasive method for measuring preimplantation embryo physiology

Zygote ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Trimarchi ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
D. Marshal Porterfield ◽  
Peter J.S. Smith ◽  
David L. Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
The Self ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Individual Mouse ◽  
Electrophysiological Technique ◽  
Sensitive Electrode

The physiology of the early embryo may be indicative of embryo vitality and therefore methods for non-invasively monitoring physiological parameters from embryos could improve preimplantation diagnoses. The self-referencing electrophysiological technique is capable of non-invasive measurement of the physiology of individual cells by monitoring the movement of ions and molecules between the cell and the surrounding media. Here we use this technique to monitor gradients of calcium, potassium, oxygen and hydrogen peroxide around individual mouse preimplantation embryos. The calcium-sensitive electrode in self-referencing mode identified a region of elevated calcium concentration (∼0.25 pmol) surrounding each embryo. The calcium gradient surrounding embryos was relatively steep, such that the region of elevated calcium extended into the medium only 4 μm from the embryo. By contrast, using an oxygen-sensitive electrode an extensive gradient of reduced dissolved oxygen concentration was measured surrounding the embryo and extended tens of micrometres into the medium. A gradient of neither potassium nor hydrogen peroxide was observed around unperturbed embryos. We also demonstrate that monitoring the physiology of embryos using the self-referencing technique does not compromise their subsequent development. Blastocysts studied with the self-referencing technique implanted and developed to term at the same frequency as did unexamined, control embryos. Therefore, the self-referencing electrode provides a valuable non-invasive technique for studying the physiology and pathophysiology of individual embryos without hindering their subsequent development.

scholarly journals Management of intrinsic discoloration using walking bleach technique in maxillary central incisors

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanket Hans Pandey ◽  
Pallav Mahesh Patni ◽  
Pradeep Jain ◽  
Arpita Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Barrier Material ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Introduction. Non-vital bleaching is a non-invasive technique to treat the intrinsic discoloration of teeth of several etiologies. Hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate are commonly used bleaching agents.Aim. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the non-vital bleaching technique in maxillary anterior teeth.Method. Maxillary central incisors were isolated with rubber dam and root canal treatment was performed. Barrier space preparation was done using a heated instrument. Glass ionomer cement was used a barrier material. Mixture of hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate was placed in the canal and sealed with intermediate restorative material. After 1 week, the procedure was repeated to achieve the desired results.Conclusion. Non-vital bleaching is a minimally invasive procedure to restore the esthetics of a discolored non-vital tooth. However, care should be taken to prevent any post-operative complications.

Effectiveness of treatment with carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide in subjects affected by dental fluorosis: a clinical trial

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Loyola-Rodriguez ◽  
Amaury de Jesus Pozos-Guillen ◽  
Felipe Hernandez-Hernandez ◽  
Rocio Berumen-Maldonado ◽  
Nuria Patiño-Marin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Non Invasive

Dental fluorosis is an endemic dental health problem around the world; so, it is important to develop clinical alternatives that are non-invasive and inexpensive. In this study, nightguard vital bleaching technique (NVBT), using carbamide and hydrogen peroxide as active agents, has shown itself to be effective in whitening teeth affected by dental fluorosis. Carbamide peroxide at 10 and 20% and hydrogen peroxide at 7.5% showed good clinical effectiveness in improving clinical appearence, but it is important to point out that clinical success is only in cases of class 1 to 3 of the Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis. When comparing 10 and 20% concentrations of carbamide peroxide, there was no difference in the clinical effectiveness (p>0.05); but when comparing both concentrations of carbamide peroxide against hydrogen peroxide, results showed that carbamide peroxide was more effective in whitening in cases of dental fluorosis, the difference being statistically significant (p<0.05). NVBT has two advantages: it is a non-invasive technique and the relationship cost/benefit is excellent; only a few patients reported tenderness or mild tooth sensitivity.

scholarly journals Management of non-vital maxillary central incisor with intrinsic discoloration using walking bleach technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Manish Sundesha
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Barrier Material ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Non-vital bleaching is a non-invasive technique for the treatment of intrinsic discoloration of teeth. Hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate are commonly used bleaching agents. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the non-vital bleaching technique in maxillary anterior teeth. Maxillary central incisors were isolated and root canal treatment was performed. Barrier space preparation was done using a heated instrument. Glass ionomer cement was used a barrier material. Mixture of hydrogen peroxide was placed in the canal and sealed with intermediate restorative material. After 1 week, the procedure was repeated to achieve the desired results. Non-vital bleaching is a minimally invasive procedure to restore the esthetics of a discoloured non-vital tooth. However, care should be taken to prevent any post-operative complications.

scholarly journals Embryos generated from oocytes lacking complex N- and O-glycans have compromised development and implantation

Reproduction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Grasa ◽  
Heidy Kaune ◽  
Suzannah A Williams
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Preimplantation Development ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Small Litter ◽  
Delayed Implantation

Female mice generating oocytes lacking complexN- andO-glycans (double mutants (DM)) produce only one small litter before undergoing premature ovarian failure (POF) by 3 months. Here we investigate the basis of the small litter by evaluating ovulation rate and embryo development in DM (Mgat1F/FC1galt1F/F:ZP3Cre) and Control (Mgat1F/FC1galt1F/F) females. Surprisingly, DM ovulation rate was normal at 6 weeks, but declined dramatically by 9 weeks.In vitrodevelopment of zygotes to blastocysts was equivalent to Controls although all embryos from DM females lacked a normal zona pellucida (ZP) and ∼30% lacked a ZP entirely. In contrast,in vivopreimplantation development resulted in less embryos recovered from DM females compared with Controls at 3.5 days post coitum (dpc) (3.2±1.3 vs 7.0±0.6). Furthermore, only 45% of mated DM females contained embryos at 3.5 dpc. Of the preimplantation embryos collected from DM females, approximately half were morulae unlike Controls where the majority were blastocysts, indicating delayed embryo development in DM females. Post-implantation development in DM females was analysed to determine whether delayed preimplantation development affected subsequent development. In DM females at 5.5 dpc, only ∼40% of embryos found at 3.5 dpc had implanted. However, at 6.5 dpc, implantation sites in DM females corresponded to embryo numbers at 3.5 dpc indicating delayed implantation. At 9.5 dpc, the number of decidua corresponded to embryo numbers 6 days earlier indicating that all implanted embryos progress to midgestation. Therefore, a lack of complexN- andO-glycans in oocytes during development impairs early embryo development and viabilityin vivoleading to delayed implantation and a small litter.

USING DOPPLER TO ASSESS THE FETAL HEALTH FOR THE PREDICTION OF GESTATIONAL OUTCOME

2014 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Thi Linh Giang Truong ◽  
Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Key Words Doppler

Background: Assessment of fetal health plays the most important role in prenatal care because of influence of the prediction of gestational outcome. One of the main aims of routine antenatal care is to identify the ‘ at risk ‘ fetus in order to apply clinical interventions which could results in reduced perinatal morbidity and mortality. Doppler ultrasound is a non invasive technique whereby the movement of blood is studied by detecting the change in frequence of reflected sound, Doppler blood flow velocity waves form of fetal side (umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery ...) and maternal side ( uterine arteries) are discussed and monograms for routine practice are presented. Recently this method is important tool for qualifying high risk pregnancies and help early forecasts the health of the babies and mothers disorder. Doppler sonography in obstetrics is a widely accepted functional method of examining the prediction of gestational outcome. Key words: Doppler, umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, uterine arteries

A nanostructured microfluidic device for plasmonic-assisted electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide released from cancer cells

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina del Real Mata ◽  
Roozbeh Siavash Moakhar ◽  
Sayed Iman Isaac Hosseini ◽  
Mahsa Jalali ◽  
Sara Mahshid
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Non Invasive

Non-invasive liquid biopsies offer hope for a rapid, risk-free, real-time glimpse into cancer diagnostics. Recently, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is identified as a cancer biomarker due to continued release from cancer...

scholarly journals Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) Focused on Benign and Premalignant Pancreatic Cyst Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Sonia Hermoso-Durán ◽  
Guillermo García-Rayado ◽  
Laura Ceballos-Laita ◽  
Carlos Sostres ◽  
Sonia Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Pancreatic Cyst ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Background Current ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
New Biomarkers

Background: Current efforts in the identification of new biomarkers are directed towards an accurate differentiation between benign and premalignant cysts. Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) has been previously applied to inflammatory and tumor diseases and could offer an interesting point of view in this type of pathology. Methods: In this work, twenty patients (12 males and 8 females, average ages 62) diagnosed with a pancreatic cyst benign (10) and premalignant (10) cyst lesions were recruited, and biological samples were obtained during the endoscopic ultrasonography procedure. Results: Proteomic content of cyst liquid samples was studied and several common proteins in the different groups were identified. TLB cyst liquid profiles reflected protein content. Also, TLB serum score was able to discriminate between healthy and cysts patients (71% sensitivity and 98% specificity) and between benign and premalignant cysts (75% sensitivity and 67% specificity). Conclusions: TLB analysis of plasmatic serum sample, a quick, simple and non-invasive technique that can be easily implemented, reports valuable information on the observed pancreatic lesion. These preliminary results set the basis for a larger study to refine TLB serum score and move closer to the clinical application of TLB providing useful information to the gastroenterologist during patient diagnosis.

Is there still a rationale for non-invasive PGT-A by analysis of cell-free DNA released by human embryos into culture medium?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1186-1190
Author(s):  
Raoul Orvieto ◽  
Adva Aizer ◽  
Norbert Gleicher
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Cell Debris ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Free Dna

Abstract Human embryos utilise an array of processes to eliminate the very high prevalence of aneuploid cells in early embryo stages. Human embryo self-correction was recently demonstrated by their ability to eliminate/expel abnormal blastomeres as cell debris/fragments. A whole genome amplification study has demonstrated that 63.6% of blastocysts expelled cell debris with abnormal chromosomal rearrangements. Moreover, 55.5% of euploid blastocysts expel aneuploid debris, strongly suggesting that the primary source of cell free DNA in culture media is expelled aneuploid blastomeres and/or their fragments. Such a substantial ability to self-correct downstream from the blastocyststage, therefore, renders any chromosomal diagnosis at the blastocyststage potentially useless, and this, unfortunately, also must particularly include non-invasive PGT-A based on cell-free DNA in spent medium. High rates of false-positive diagnoses of human embryos often lead to non-use and/or disposal of embryos with entirely normal pregnancy potential. Before adopting yet another round of unvalidated PGT-A as a routine adjunct to IVF, we here present facts that deserve to be considered.

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