scholarly journals Effects of a bank consolidation promotion policy: evaluating the 1927 Bank Law in Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuji Okazaki ◽  
Michiru Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Promotion Policy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This article investigates the impact of bank consolidations promoted by government policy, using data from pre-war Japan when the Ministry of Finance promoted bank consolidations through the Bank Law of 1927. We argue that policy-promoted consolidation had a positive effect on deposit growth, especially in the period when the financial system was unstable. On the other hand, it had a negative effect on profitability, particularly when there was no dominant bank among the participants or when more than two banks participated in the consolidation. Policy-promoted consolidation in such cases was likely to be accompanied by large organisational cost.

scholarly journals The Impact of Hospital Specialization on Congestion and Efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Sung-hun Park ◽  
Joong Ko ◽  
Eun-song Bae ◽  
Meehyang Chang ◽  
Daecheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hospital Specialization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study is to verify the existence of congestion in Korean hospitals, to identify the causes of congestion, and to suggest directions for efficiency improvement of hospitals. The result showed that congestion occurred in 71.90% of 1185 hospitals. In addition, it was found that hospital specialization has a negative effect on congestion. In other words, the higher the hospital specialization, the lower the overall congestion rate of the hospital. More specifically, the specialization of hospitals also showed a negative effect on congestion of nurses. On the other hand, hospital specialization was found to have a positive effect on the congestion of the number of doctors, but it does not have a significant effect on the congestion of hospital beds. It was also found that hospital size has an effect on the relationship between hospital specialization and congestion, but the location of the hospital and the type of ownership did not act as a moderator.

Tongues, a Sign for Unbelievers?: A Structural and Exegetical Study of I Corinthians XIV. 20–25

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Johanson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Logical Relation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Sense ◽  
Positive Effect

I Corinthians xiv. 20–25 has long posed severalcruces interpretationisfor commentators. The basic problems concern the relationship of the assertions made about tongues and prophecy in υ. 22 to the quotation of Isa. xxviii. 11–12 in υ. 21 and to the illustrations concerning tongues and prophecy in υυ. 23–5. As to the quotation, J. Ruef remarks that most commentators admit to the difficulty of seeing how it substantiates Paul's conclusion that tongues are meant as a sign for the unbeliever. Concerning the illustrations, both J. Héring and J. P. M. Sweet note that in the light of the assertions we would expect them to be the reverse of what they are. While tongues are asserted to be meant as a sign for unbelievers and prophecy for believers, the illustrations depict the negative effect of tongues upon unbelievers and the positive effect of prophecy not on believers but upon unbelievers. The second assertion (υ. 22b) in particular contradicts the second illustration (υυ. 24–5) in that it clearly states that ‘prophecy is meant as a signnot for unbelieversbut for believers’. This is so if σημεĩον is taken in a positive sense. If, on the other hand, it is taken in a negative sense, the logical relation of this second illustration to the second assertion becomes ambiguous.

scholarly journals Optimizing the seismic effects of blasting in quarries by timing

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Ján Baulovič ◽  
Blažej Pandula ◽  
Julián Kondela ◽  
Marta Prekopová
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Seismic Effects ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Blasting Operation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Recently, negative effects of the blasting operations and quantification of the seismic safety are regarded as very important technical problem in quarries. The impact of blasting operations is accompanied by both positive and negative seismic effects. For example, vibrations generated by explosion create very positive effect − when help to break the rocks, but, on the other hand, also result in negative effect − when affect constructions and natural environment in the vicinity of a blasting works site. If the vibrations are large enough, then the nearby objects could be damaged or destroyed. This article highlights the results of the blasting operation monitoring in limestone Lopušné Pažite quarry on Slovakia, which based on the rule that the negative effects depend on their range and strength. This method is applied in all quarries in Slovakia, which are close to settlements.

scholarly journals Firm’s Attribute and Performance of Deposit Money Banks

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Olusola Olowofela ◽  
◽  
Abiola Tonade ◽  
Benjamin Lisoyi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquidity Management ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Firm Attributes ◽  
Positive Effect

This study investigates the impact of firm attributes on the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria’s financial sector. The scope of this research covered the period 2007 – 2018 using audited financial statements and reports of nine (9) deposit money banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The results revealed that bank liquidity has significant negative effect, while bank growth has insignificant negative effect on financial performance. On the other hand, bank size and leverage have insignificant positive effect on the financial performance of banks. It is recommended that banks should pay attention to liquidity management and use this to enhance performance. Also, the management of banks should endeavor to make use of their growth opportunities optimally.

scholarly journals The Depth of the Financial System: A Comparison of Developed and Less Developed Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Halil D. Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Income Level ◽  
High Income ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Impact

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of how countries’ income levels are related to the depth of their financial system. The main purpose of the research is to determine whether high-income countries have deeper financial systems when compared to other countries. We also examine whether high-income OECD member countries have a deeper financial system when compared to high-income non-OECD member countries. Our contribution is threefold: First, our study has a wider scope than most of the previous studies (i.e. 203 countries in total). Second, we examine both the impact of OECD membership and the actual income level on “depth”. The OECD members and the non-members differ in terms of their cultures, their resources, and their infrastructure, therefore we expect differences between their financial systems. Third, our study goes deeper than most of the previous studies (i.e. we examine twenty different variables on “depth”). The examination of several variables on “depth” allows us to see the dimensions in which one group of countries perform better than the other group. While one group can perform better in certain dimensions of “depth”, the other group can perform better in other dimensions of “depth”. In our empirical analyses, we find that high-income countries tend to have a deeper financial system (in all measures except for “Central bank assets to GDP (%)”) when compared to other countries. When we compare high-income OECD-member countries to high-income non-OECD-member countries, we find that OECD-member countries tend to have a deeper financial system (in most measures). Interestingly, with respect to the two measures, non-OECD-member countries have better “depth” measures. These two measures are “Stock market total value traded to GDP (%)” and “Gross portfolio debt assets to GDP (%)”. Overall, our results indicate that when an economic or financial crisis is expected, middle and low-income countries will be more vulnerable when compared to high-income countries, because in most aspects, their markets are not as deep. On the other hand, high-income countries will be more vulnerable if their Central bank needs to use their assets to protect their system. Similarly, non-OECD members will be more vulnerable when compared to OECD-member countries, because in most aspects, their markets are not as deep. On the other hand, OECD-member countries are weaker with regard to the depth of their stock markets and the number of debt securities held in investment portfolios. Therefore, we can conclude that a country’s income level and OECD-membership should help determine the precautions that policymakers need to take if a crisis is on the horizon. Keywords: depth, financial system, OECD, income level.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN STRUKTUR MODAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN ANEKA INDUSTRI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI 2012-2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Fitri Diana Tri Anisa ◽  
Indra Siswanti
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the research is to obtain empirical evidence about the impact of profitability, company size , capital structure on firm value. And the other purpose of this research too is to determine the effect of profitability, company size on firm value mediated by capital structure.  The sample in this research is manufacturing company on Miscellaneous industry sector which listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2012 –2019. With using  purposive sampling data this research got  twelve companies as sample research. The source of the data of this research was conducted from annual report and financial report.This research is using quantitative approach with path analysis method and using SmartPLS 3.0 as analyisis tool.The result in this research has two kind of result,for direct result found that profitabilty has significant positive effect on firm value, company size has significant positive effect on firm value, capital structure has significant negative effect to firmvalue. And the result for indirect result are Capital structure is able to mediate profitability on firm value. But on the other hand capital structure is not able to mediate company size on firm value.

scholarly journals The Effect of Celebrity Endorsement on Brand Image in Determining Purchase Intention

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Soraya Tsamara Adiba ◽  
Agus Suroso ◽  
Nur Choirul Afif
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
The Other ◽  
Celebrity Endorsement ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Smartphone becomes a standard platform for people to communicate with others.Nowadays, almost everyone has a smartphone because of its dependable functions.Therefore, the smartphone business is presently highly competitive, especially inIndonesia. One of the top smartphone brands in Indonesia is Oppo. To compete withother smartphone brands, Oppo uses celebrity endorsement as its marketing strategy.Oppo hires one of the eminent endorsers. This research purposes to investigate the effectof celebrity endorsement on brand image in determining purchase intention, using thecase of Oppo smartphone in Indonesia. This research uses a convenience samplingmethod utilizing 177 respondents who use Oppo smartphones and know Chelsea Islan.Data are analyzed using structural equational modeling (SEM) and AMOS statisticalsoftware. The results of hypothesis testing on this study shows that celebrity expertise,celebrity attractiveness, and celebrity trustworthiness have a positive effect on brandimage. On the other hand, celebrity match-up has a negative effect on brand image.Finally, brand image has a positive effect on purchase intention

The impact of cultural factors on shareholder governance and environmental sustainability: an international context

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-385
Author(s):  
Lassaad Ben Mahjoub ◽  
Ines Amara
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effect of the shareholder governance on environmental sustainability by the moderating effect of some cultural factors.Design/methodology/approachThe authors have studied the extent of sustainability by continent. On the other hand, the authors have conducted three empirical models that deal with the effect of shareholder governance on environmental sustainability and also with the moderating effect of cultural factors.FindingsUsing a sample of 140 countries during the year 2018, the authors find a notable and positive effect of the shareholder governance on environmental sustainability. Regarding the role of cultural factors, the authors found that the factor gender parity is more important than other factors.Practical implicationsThe findings have policy implications for governments aiming to combat environmental sustainability and shareholder governance.Originality/valueThis research has approached cultural factors in a different context, which is an eastern country, which are completely different from those of western countries. On the other hand, the subject of sustainability is not sufficiently threated in this country (Saudi Arabia).

Time is Money: Choosing between Charitable Activities

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi E Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Relative Prices ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Charitable Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper analyzes the impact of a preferential tax-price for monetary donations on the joint decision to donate time (volunteer) and money. The methodological approach takes into account that consumption of each charitable good affects consumption of the other. Using data from a national survey on household charitable giving, the results show that donations of time and money are substitutes. However, a decrease in the tax-price of monetary donations also has a positive effect on donations of time that acts outside the change in relative prices. This more than offsets the substitution effect leading to an overall positive correlation between the two charitable goods. (JEL D64, H24, H31)

scholarly journals Does Customer-Based Reputation Lead Customers Not to Switch? Examining Moderating Influences in Hypermarkets

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Hao-Te Lu ◽  
Yi-Chou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Accumulating evidence underscores the importance of business reputation. Therefore, understanding the impact of reputation on customers is important and requires additional research. In this article, we attempted to understand the impact of customer-based reputation (CBR) on customers’ repatronage intentions across three hypermarkets of different sizes. We used switching inducement as a moderating variable to examine whether the relationship between CBR and repatronage intentions was moderated by inducements to switch. Inperson questionnaires/surveys were administered to a convenience sample to collect data from three different hypermarkets. In total, 1,099 questionnaires were collected and sorted for analysis. The results indicated that CBR had a significant positive effect on repatronage intentions in all three hypermarkets. On the other hand, a moderating effect was significant for only the smaller hypermarket, whereas there was no significantly interaction when large, multinational branded hypermarkets were considered.

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