scholarly journals Allan Sandage and the distance scale

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S289) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Tammann ◽  
B. Reindl
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Red Giant ◽  
Ia Supernovae ◽  
Distance Indicators ◽  
Local Value

AbstractAllan Sandage returned to the distance scale and the calibration of the Hubble constant again and again during his active life, experimenting with different distance indicators. In 1952 his proof of the high luminosity of Cepheids confirmed Baade's revision of the distance scale (H0 ~ 250 km s−1 Mpc−1). During the next 25 years, he lowered the value to 75 and 55. Upon the arrival of the Hubble Space Telescope, he observed Cepheids to calibrate the mean luminosity of nearby Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) which, used as standard candles, led to the cosmic value of H0 = 62.3 ± 1.3 ± 5.0 km s−1 Mpc−1. Eventually he turned to the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) as a very powerful distance indicator. A compilation of 176 TRGB distances yielded a mean, very local value of H0 = 62.9 ± 1.6 km s−1 Mpc−1 and shed light on the streaming velocities in the Local Supercluster. Moreover, TRGB distances are now available for six SNe Ia; if their mean luminosity is applied to distant SNe Ia, one obtains H0 = 64.6 ± 1.6 ± 2.0 km s−1 Mpc−1. The weighted mean of the two independent large-scale calibrations yields H0 = 64.1 km s−1 Mpc−1 within 3.6%.

scholarly journals The effects of peculiar velocities in SN Ia environments on the local H0 measurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 500 (3) ◽  
pp. 3728-3742
Author(s):  
Thomas M Sedgwick ◽  
Chris A Collins ◽  
Ivan K Baldry ◽  
Philip A James
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Density Parameter ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Peculiar Velocities ◽  
Standard Candle ◽  
Modern Cosmology ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ia Supernovae ◽  
Distance Indicators

ABSTRACT The discrepancy between estimates of the Hubble constant (H0) measured from local (z ≲  0.1) scales and from scales of the sound horizon is a crucial problem in modern cosmology. Peculiar velocities (vpec) of standard candle distance indicators can systematically affect local H0 measurements. We here use 2MRS galaxies to measure the local galaxy density field, finding a notable z  <  0.05 underdensity in the SGC-6dFGS region of 27  ±  2 per cent. However, no strong evidence for a ‘Local Void’ pertaining to the full 2MRS sky coverage is found. Galaxy densities are used to measure a density parameter, Δϕ+−, which we introduce as a proxy for vpec that quantifies density gradients along a supernova (SN) line of sight. Δϕ+− is found to correlate with local H0 estimates from 88 Pantheon Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia; 0.02  <  z  <  0.05). Density structures on scales of ∼50 Mpc are found to correlate strongest with H0 estimates in both the observational data and in mock data from the MDPL2-Galacticus simulation. Using trends of H0 with Δϕ+−, we can correct for the effects of density structure on local H0 estimates, even in the presence of biased vpec. However, the difference in the inferred H0 estimate with and without the peculiar velocity correction is limited to < 0.1  per cent. We conclude that accounting for environmentally induced peculiar velocities of SN Ia host galaxies does not resolve the tension between local and CMB-derived H0 estimates.

scholarly journals COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS FOR THE COSMIC DEFECT THEORY

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 1039-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
NINFA RADICELLA ◽  
MAURO SERENO ◽  
ANGELO TARTAGLIA
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Nuclear Species ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Species Abundances ◽  
Age Of The Universe ◽  
Ia Supernovae ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
The Universe

The cosmic defect theory has been confronted with four observational constraints: primordial nuclear species abundances emerging from the big bang nucleosynthesis; large scale structure formation in the Universe; cosmic microwave background acoustic scale; luminosity distances of type Ia supernovae. The test has been based on a statistical analysis of the a posteriori probabilities for three parameters of the theory. The result has been quite satisfactory and such that the performance of the theory is not distinguishable from that of the ΛCDM theory. The use of the optimal values of the parameters for the calculation of the Hubble constant and the age of the Universe confirms the compatibility of the cosmic defect approach with observations.

scholarly journals Theoretical Light Curves for Type Ia Supernovae and Determination of the Hubble Constant

1999 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 68-68
Author(s):  
Koichi Iwamoto ◽  
Ken'Ichi Nomoto
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Type Ia Supernovae ◽  
Maximum Brightness ◽  
Decline Rate ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Error Bars ◽  
Ia Supernovae ◽  
Distance Indicators

The large luminosity (MV ≈ −19 ∼ −20) and the homogeneity in light curves and spectra of Type Ia supernovae(SNe Ia) have led to their use as distance indicators ultimately to determine the Hubble constant (H0). However, an increasing number of the observed samples from intermediate- and high-z (z ∼ 0.1 − 1) SN Ia survey projects(Hamuy et al. 1996, Perlmutter et al. 1997) have shown that there is a significant dispersion in the maximum brightness (∼ 0.4 mag) and the brighter-slower correlation between the brightness and the postmaximum decline rate, which was first pointed out by Phillips(1993). By taking the correlation into account, Hamuy et al.(1996) gave an estimate of H0 within the error bars half as much as previous ones.

scholarly journals A measurement of the Hubble constant from Type II supernovae

2020 ◽  
Vol 496 (3) ◽  
pp. 3402-3411 ◽  
Author(s):  
T de Jaeger ◽  
B E Stahl ◽  
W Zheng ◽  
A V Filippenko ◽  
A G Riess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Microwave Background Radiation ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Cepheid Variables ◽  
Red Giant ◽  
Ia Supernovae

ABSTRACT Progressive increases in the precision of the Hubble-constant measurement via Cepheid-calibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have shown a discrepancy of ∼4.4σ with the current value inferred from Planck satellite measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation and the standard $\Lambda $cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model. This disagreement does not appear to be due to known systematic errors and may therefore be hinting at new fundamental physics. Although all of the current techniques have their own merits, further improvement in constraining the Hubble constant requires the development of as many independent methods as possible. In this work, we use SNe II as standardisable candles to obtain an independent measurement of the Hubble constant. Using seven SNe II with host-galaxy distances measured from Cepheid variables or the tip of the red giant branch, we derive H$_0= 75.8^{+5.2}_{-4.9}$ km s−1 Mpc−1 (statistical errors only). Our value favours that obtained from the conventional distance ladder (Cepheids + SNe Ia) and exhibits a difference of 8.4 km s−1 Mpc−1 from the Planck + ΛCDM value. Adding an estimate of the systematic errors (2.8 km s−1 Mpc−1) changes the ∼1.7σ discrepancy with Planck +ΛCDM to ∼1.4σ. Including the systematic errors and performing a bootstrap simulation, we confirm that the local H0 value exceeds the value from the early Universe with a confidence level of 95 per cent. As in this work, we only exchange SNe II for SNe Ia to measure extragalactic distances, we demonstrate that there is no evidence that SNe Ia are the source of the H0 tension.

scholarly journals The Linearity of the Cosmic Expansion Field and the Value of the Hubble Constant

1999 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
G. A. Tammann
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Gravitational Lenses ◽  
Cosmic Expansion ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale ◽  
Linearity Test

A linearity test shows H0 to decrease by 7% out to 18 000 km s–1. The value at 10 000 km s–1 is a good approximation to the mean value of H0 over very large scales. The construction of the extragalactic distance scale is discussed. Field galaxies, cluster distances relative to Virgo, and blue supernovae of type Ia yield H0 (cosmic) with increasing weight; they give consistently H0 = 57 ± 7 (external error). This value is supported by purely physical distance determinations (SZ effect, gravitational lenses, MWB fluctuations). Arguments for H0 > 70 are discussed and shown to be flawed.

scholarly journals HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE STUDIES OF NEARBY TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE: THE MEAN MAXIMUM LIGHT ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRUM AND ITS DISPERSION

2011 ◽  
Vol 727 (2) ◽  
pp. L35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Cooke ◽  
Richard S. Ellis ◽  
Mark Sullivan ◽  
Peter Nugent ◽  
D. Andrew Howell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Ultraviolet Spectrum ◽  
Type Ia Supernovae ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Maximum Light ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ia Supernovae

scholarly journals A new measurement of the Hubble constant using Type Ia supernovae calibrated with surface brightness fluctuations

2021 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. A72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandita Khetan ◽  
Luca Izzo ◽  
Marica Branchesi ◽  
Radosław Wojtak ◽  
Michele Cantiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Brightness ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Absolute Magnitude ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Type Ia Supernovae ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Surface Brightness Fluctuations ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Red Giant ◽  
Ia Supernovae

We present a new calibration of the peak absolute magnitude of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) based on the surface brightness fluctuations (SBF) method, aimed at measuring the value of the Hubble constant. We build a sample of calibrating anchors consisting of 24 SNe hosted in galaxies that have SBF distance measurements. Applying a hierarchical Bayesian approach, we calibrate the SN Ia peak luminosity and extend the Hubble diagram into the Hubble flow by using a sample of 96 SNe Ia in the redshift range 0.02 < z < 0.075, which was extracted from the Combined Pantheon Sample. We estimate a value of H0 = 70.50 ± 2.37 (stat.) ± 3.38 (sys.) km s−1 Mpc−1 (i.e., 3.4% stat., 4.8% sys.), which is in agreement with the value obtained using the tip of the red giant branch calibration. It is also consistent, within errors, with the value obtained from SNe Ia calibrated with Cepheids or the value inferred from the analysis of the cosmic microwave background. We find that the SNe Ia distance moduli calibrated with SBF are on average larger by 0.07 mag than those calibrated with Cepheids. Our results point to possible differences among SNe in different types of galaxies, which could originate from different local environments and/or progenitor properties of SNe Ia. Sampling different host galaxy types, SBF offers a complementary approach to using Cepheids, which is important in addressing possible systematics. As the SBF method has the ability to reach larger distances than Cepheids, the impending entry of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and JWST into operation will increase the number of SNe Ia hosted in galaxies where SBF distances can be measured, making SBF measurements attractive for improving the calibration of SNe Ia, as well as in the estimation of H0.

scholarly journals The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant

1999 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy L. Freedman ◽  
Jeremy R. Mould ◽  
Robert C. Kennicutt ◽  
Barry F. Madore
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Type Ia Supernova ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale

A Joint Discussion on the extragalactic distance scale and the Hubble constant took place fifteen years ago, at the 1982 XVIIIth General Assembly of the IAU, held in Patras, Greece. At that time, the newest applications of infrared photometers to Tully-Fisher measurements (Aaronson 1983) and Cepheid distances (Madore 1983) were reported. CCDs were just coming into use and had not yet been applied to extragalactic distance determinations; all of the extragalactic Cepheid distances were based on photographic Argelander (eye-estimated) photometry (Tammann and Sandage 1983 and references therein). No Cepheid distances to type Ia supernova-host galaxies were available.

scholarly journals TheHubble Space TelescopeKey Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale. XXV. A Recalibration of Cepheid Distances to Type Ia Supernovae and the Value of the Hubble Constant

2000 ◽  
Vol 529 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad K. Gibson ◽  
Peter B. Stetson ◽  
Wendy L. Freedman ◽  
Jeremy R. Mould ◽  
Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Type Ia Supernovae ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Ia Supernovae ◽  
Extragalactic Distance Scale

scholarly journals Bayesian comparison of interacting modified holographic Ricci dark energy scenarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Cid ◽  
Carlos Rodriguez-Benites ◽  
Mauricio Cataldo ◽  
Gonzalo Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Oscillations ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Ricci Dark Energy ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Cosmological Data ◽  
Ia Supernovae ◽  
Local Value

AbstractWe perform a Bayesian model selection analysis for interacting scenarios of dark matter and modified holographic Ricci dark energy (MHRDE) with linear interacting terms. We use a combination of some of the latest cosmological data such as type Ia supernovae, cosmic chronometers, the local value of the Hubble constant, baryon acoustic oscillations measurements and cosmic microwave background through the angular scale of the sound horizon at last scattering. We find moderate/strong evidence against all the MHRDE interacting scenarios studied with respect to $$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM when the full joint analysis is considered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document