Investigation and Application of a New Passive Sampling Technique for in Situ Monitoring of Illicit Drugs in Waste Waters and Rivers

AbstractThe passive sampling method of diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) was developed to provide a quantitative and time-integrated measurement of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in waters. The DGT method in this study used HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced) material as a binding agent, and methanol as an eluent. The diffusion coefficient of MC-LR was 5.01 × 10−6 cm2 s−1 at 25 °C in 0.45 mm thick diffusion layer. This DGT method had a binding capacity of 4.24 μg per binding gel disk (3.14 cm2), ensuring sufficient capacity to measure MC-LR in most water matrices. The detection limit of HLB DGT was 0.48 ng L−1. DGT coupled to analysis by HPLC appears to be an accurate method for MC-LR monitoring. Comparison of DGT measurements for MC-LR in water and a conventional active sampling method showed little difference. This study demonstrates that HLB-based DGT is a useful tool for in situ monitoring of MC-LR in fresh waters.

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A novel in-situ passive sampling technique in the application of monitoring diuron in the aquatic environment

Environmental Technology & Innovation ◽

10.1016/j.eti.2020.101073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 101073 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qiushi Duan ◽

Luchun Duan ◽

Yanju Liu ◽

Ravi Naidu ◽

Hao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aquatic Environment ◽

Passive Sampling ◽

Sampling Technique

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Sequential injection analysis as a tool for in situ monitoring of Fe(II), Fe(III), NO3− and NO2− in natural and waste waters

Analytica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01306-4 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 438 (1-2) ◽

pp. 39-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Cristiane X Galhardo ◽

Jorge C Masini

Keyword(s):

In Situ Monitoring ◽

Sequential Injection Analysis ◽

Waste Waters ◽

Sequential Injection

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Real-Time Polarization Modulation in Situ Infrared Spectroscopy Applied to the Study of Atmospheric Corrosion

Applied Spectroscopy ◽

10.1366/0003702981943879 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 557-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Peter W. Faguy ◽

William N. Richmond ◽

Richard S. Jackson ◽

Stephen C. Weibel ◽

Gail Ball ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Atmospheric Corrosion ◽

Grazing Angle ◽

Bound Water ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

In Situ Monitoring ◽

Polarization Modulation ◽

Surface Films

A new methodology for the real-time in situ monitoring of atmospheric corrosion processes is presented. The mid-infrared spectra of surface films formed on polished copper substrates exposed to humid air containing sub-ppm levels of sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen chloride were obtained by using a novel surface-sensitive infrared technique: real-time polarization modulation grazing angle reflection-absorption spectroscopy. The new methodology demonstrated improved signal-to-noise ratios, by a factor of 2.5, as compared to conventional Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy. Molecular spectroscopic data for water- and hydroxyl-containing species present at the metal surface were obtained with no interference from water vapor. Over the spectral region 4000–800 cm−1, bands were identified and assigned to nitro and nitrito adsorbates, to sulfite ions, and to bound water on the copper surface. Analysis of the time evolution and the profile composition of these bands is possible because of the sensitivity of this new optical sampling technique.

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