Ionic Association. I. Derivation of Constants from Conductance Data

1957 ◽  
Vol 79 (13) ◽  
pp. 3301-3303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond M. Fuoss
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Association ◽  
Conductance Data

Conductimetric studies of ionic association of tetraalkylammonium halides in iso-propanol + water mixtures at 25 °C. Part II.

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1720-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auaz Ahmad Ansari ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Association Constant ◽  
Ionic Association ◽  
Size Parameter ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Tetraalkylammonium Ions ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Ion Size ◽  
Tetraalkylammonium Halides

Electrical conductivities of Me4NBr, Et4NBr, Pr4NBr, Bu4NBr, and Bu4PBr have been measured in isopropanol + water (2-PrOH + H2O) mixtures covering the approximate range of dielectric constant (71.40 ≥ D ≥ 19.40) at 25 °C. The conductance data have been analysed by using the Fuoss-1978 (F78) conductance equation and the results compared with those obtained from the Fuoss–Onsager–Skinner (FOS) equation. The values of the limiting equivalent conductance, Λ0, the association constant, KA, and the distance of ion-size parameter [Formula: see text] are computed from these data. A better fit of the conductance data was provided by the F78 equation. Ion–solvent interactions and effective sizes of tetraalkylammonium ions are also discussed in order to understand the magnitude of the ionic association. The overall association behaviour of these salts has been found to increase with decrease in dielectric constant of the medium.

Conductivity and ionic association of tetraalkylammonium halides in tert-butanol–water mixture at 25 °C

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1223-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aijaz Ahmad Ansari ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Ion Association ◽  
Ionic Association ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Tert Butanol ◽  
Ion Association Constants ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Ion Size ◽  
Tetraalkylammonium Halides

The molar conductivities of Pr4NBr, Bu4NBr, Pr4NI, and BU4NI have been measured in tert-butanol–water (t-BuOH–H2O) mixtures (61.30 ≥ D ≥ 16.50) over the maximum concentration range (2 × D3 × 10−7 mol dm−3) along with the densities and viscosities of the solvent mixtures at 25 °C. The conductance data have been analysed by using the Fuoss-1978 (F78) conductance equation and the results compared with the values obtained from the Justice (J), Pitt's (P), and Fuoss–Onsager–Skinner (FOS) equations. Molar conductivities at infinite dilution (Λ0), the thermodynamic ion association constants (KA) and the distance or ion-size parameters (R0 or a0) are evaluated from these data. The F78 equation fitted the data better and yielded KA and R values which are in accord with the ion-association theories. The interpretation of these parameters is discussed to provide some insight on the magnitude of the ionic association and the ion–solvent interaction.

Study of the Comparative Solvation Behaviour of Na+ and Cu+ Cations in Acetonitrile + N,N-Dimethylformamide Mixtures at 298.15 K

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dip Singh Gill ◽  
Hardeep Anand ◽  
J. K. Puri
Keyword(s):  
Molar Conductance ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Extended Form ◽  
Composition Region ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Reference Electrolyte ◽  
B Coefficients

Viscosity and molar conductance of Bu4NBPh4, Bu4NClO4, [Cu(CH3CN)4]ClO4, NaClO4 and NaBPh4 have been measured in the concentration ranges 0.02 - 0.5 mol dm−3 and 0.0005 - 0.0065 mol dm−3 at 298.15 K in AN + DMF mixtures containing 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 75, 80, 90, and 100 mol % DMF. The viscosity data have been analyzed by the extended form of the Jones-Dole equation in the form: (η/η0) = 1+AC1/2+BC+DC2 to evaluate B and D parameters and the conductance data by the Shedlovsky equation to evaluate Λo and KA values of the salts. Ionic viscosity B-coefficients (B±) and ionic molar conductances (λ◦ i) have been calculated by using Bu4NBPh4 as a reference electrolyte. Solvated radii (ri) for Na+, Cu+ and ClO4 − have been estimated by using Gill’s modification of Stokes’ law. The variation of B± and ri as a function of mol % DMF shows that both Na+ and Cu+ are highly solvated in AN + DMF mixtures over the entire composition region. The solvation passes through a maximum between 40 to 80 mol % DMF. Both Na+ and Cu+ are more strongly solvated between 40 to 80 mol % DMF. Cu+ is relatively more strongly solvated than Na+ in AN + DMF mixtures. ClO4 − shows poor solvation in AN + DMF mixtures.

Probing Ionic Association on Metal Oxide Clusters by Pulsed Field Gradient NMR Spectroscopy: The Example of Sn12–Oxo Clusters

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1747-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Ribot ◽  
Virginie Escax ◽  
José C. Martins ◽  
Monique Biesemans ◽  
Laurent Ghys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Field Gradient ◽  
Ionic Association ◽  
Pulsed Field Gradient Nmr ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Metal Oxide Clusters
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