Photophysical characterization of polyelectrolytes in the form of polymerized micelles from an ionic surfactant with a terminal double bond

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 2212-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deh Ying Chu ◽  
J. K. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Terminal Double Bond

scholarly journals Channeling of Eukaryotic Diacylglycerol into the Biosynthesis of Plastidial Phosphatidylglycerol

2006 ◽  
Vol 282 (7) ◽  
pp. 4613-4625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Fritz ◽  
Heiko Lokstein ◽  
Dieter Hackenberg ◽  
Ruth Welti ◽  
Mary Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tobacco Plants

Plastidial glycolipids contain diacylglycerol (DAG) moieties, which are either synthesized in the plastids (prokaryotic lipids) or originate in the extraplastidial compartment (eukaryotic lipids) necessitating their transfer into plastids. In contrast, the only phospholipid in plastids, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), contains exclusively prokaryotic DAG backbones. PG contributes in several ways to the functions of chloroplasts, but it is not known to what extent its prokaryotic nature is required to fulfill these tasks. As a first step toward answering this question, we produced transgenic tobacco plants that contain eukaryotic PG in thylakoids. This was achieved by targeting a bacterial DAG kinase into chloroplasts in which the heterologous enzyme was also incorporated into the envelope fraction. From lipid analysis we conclude that the DAG kinase phosphorylated eukaryotic DAG forming phosphatidic acid, which was converted into PG. This resulted in PG with 2–3 times more eukaryotic than prokaryotic DAG backbones. In the newly formed PG the unique Δ3-trans-double bond, normally confined to 3-trans-hexadecenoic acid, was also found in sn-2-bound cis-unsaturated C18 fatty acids. In addition, a lipidomics technique allowed the characterization of phosphatidic acid, which is assumed to be derived from eukaryotic DAG precursors in the chloroplasts of the transgenic plants. The differences in lipid composition had only minor effects on measured functions of the photosynthetic apparatus, whereas the most obvious phenotype was a significant reduction in growth.

scholarly journals Systematic Syntheses and Characterization of Dodecadien-1-olswith Conjugated Double Bond, Lepidopterous Sex Pheromones

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsu Ando ◽  
Yuichi Kurotsu ◽  
Mieko Kaiya ◽  
Masaaki Uchiyama
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Sex Pheromones

A simple method of isomerization of the terminal double bond in a terpene chain

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2174-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludvík Streinz ◽  
Zdeněk Wimmer ◽  
Georgii K. Roshka ◽  
Raisa I. Ishchenko ◽  
Miroslav Romaňuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Terminal Double Bond ◽  
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus

The utilisability of the isomerization of the terminal double bond in terpenic compounds with trifluoroacetic acid was investigated. The results obtained were used in the synthesis of the main part of the pheromone of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus COMSTOCK, i.e. (2E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,7-octadien-1-yl propionate.

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