Alpha lipoic acid supplementation improved antioxidant enzyme activities in hemodialysis patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mahdavi ◽  
Tannaz khabbazi ◽  
Javid Safa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients and oxidative stress is an important risk factor for CVD. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are primary antioxidant enzymes in human cells acting against toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their reduced activity may contribute to oxidative disorders in HD patients. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) as a potent strong antioxidant may affect these enzymes. Objective: We examined the effects of ALA supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities in HD patients. Method: In this double-blinded, randomized clinical trial, 63 HD patients (43 males and 20 females; age range: 22–79 years) were assigned into the ALA group (n: 31), receiving a daily dose of ALA (600 mg), or a control group (n: 32), receiving placebo for 8 weeks. Body mass index (BMI), antioxidant enzymes, albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb) were determined before and after intervention. Results: At baseline, the mean blood activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT in ALA group were 1032±366, 18.9±5.09 and 191±82.7 U/gHb which increased at the end of study to 1149±502, 19.1±7.19 and 208±86.6 U/gHb respectively. However, only the increase of SOD was statistically significant in comparison with placebo group (P = 0.04). The mean levels of Alb, Hb, weight and BMI were not significantly changed in study groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: ALA may be beneficial for HD patients by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes; however, further studies are needed to achieve precise results.

Cytokines increase rat lung antioxidant enzymes during exposure to hyperoxia

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 1003-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. White ◽  
P. Ghezzi ◽  
S. McMahon ◽  
C. A. Dinarello ◽  
J. E. Repine
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Pretreatment with the combination of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin (TNF/C) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in lungs of rats continuously exposed to hyperoxia for 72 h, a time when all untreated rats had already died. Pretreatment with TNF/C and IL-1 also increased, albeit slightly, lung G6PDH and GR activities of rats exposed to hyperoxia for 4 or 16 h. By comparison, no differences occurred in lung antioxidant enzyme activities of TNF/C and IL-1- or saline-pretreated rats exposed to hyperoxia for 36 or 52 h; the latter is a time just before untreated rats began to succumb during exposure to hyperoxia. The results raise the possibility that TNF/C and IL-1 treatment can increase lung antioxidant enzyme activities and that increased lung antioxidant enzymes may contribute to the increased survival of TNF/C and IL-1-pretreated rats in hyperoxia for greater than 72 h.

scholarly journals Addition of Bamboo Charcoal to Selenium (Se)-Rich Feed Improves Growth and Antioxidant Capacity of Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2585
Author(s):  
Fang Jiang ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Linghong Miao ◽  
Jingyuan Hao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Megalobrama Amblycephala ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Blunt Snout Bream

The ability of bamboo charcoal to reduce the negative effects of high dietary selenium (Se) concentrations was assessed by feeding juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) one of five Se-rich diets (1.5 mg/kg Se; 36% protein, 8.7% lipid) containing graded levels (0–4 g/kg) of bamboo charcoal powder for eight weeks. There were four tanks (350 L) of fish (initial weight 16.0 ± 0.5 g) for each treatment, and the fish were fed to satiation four times each day. At the end of the feeding trial, all of the fish from each tank were weighed to calculate the growth performance. Blood samples were firstly obtained to collect plasma for the biochemical indexes determination. Liver tissues were then collected to determine the antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression. Dorsal muscles were also collected to determine the nutrient composition. The results show that when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed ranged between 0 and 3 g/kg, the weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) values increased with the higher dietary bamboo charcoal content, and the maximum WGR and SGR values were achieved when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg (p < 0.05). The Se content in muscle tissues decreased significantly with the increased bamboo charcoal content (p < 0.05) in the Se-rich feed, which ranged from 0 to 4 g/kg. When the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg, the levels of glucose (GLU) and albumin (ALB) in plasma reached a maximum (p < 0.05), whereas the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) reached a minimum (p < 0.05). Additionally, the activities of catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) when the bamboo charcoal content was 3 g/kg. In contrast, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased sharply when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 1 g/kg, compared to the control group and the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal (p < 0.05). Regarding mRNA-level gene expression, the results show that dietary supplementation with 0 to 3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal increased the expression of keap1 and nrf2, whereas nfkb expression was inhibited (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzymes cat, gpx, and mn-sod was consistently enhanced in the group fed with the 3 g/kg bamboo charcoal diet (p < 0.05). The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tnfα and tgfβ was inhibited in the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal, whereas the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (il10) increased in the bamboo charcoal supplementation groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Generally, supplementation with 2–3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal in Se-rich feed improved the growth performance, physiological status, and antioxidant enzyme activities of blunt snout bream. Moreover, bamboo charcoal supplementation in Se-rich diets stimulated the antioxidant system and inhibited the inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-Keap1 and suppressing NF-κB.

Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on boar spermatozoa quality during freezing–thawing

Zygote ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Shen ◽  
Zhong-Liang Jiang ◽  
Cong-Jun Li ◽  
Xiao-Chen Hu ◽  
Qing-Wang Li
Keyword(s):  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

SummaryAlpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is known to be a natural antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cryoprotective effect of ALA on the motility of boar spermatozoa and its antioxidant effect on boar spermatozoa during freezing–thawing. Different concentrations (2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 or 10.0 mg/ml) of ALA were added to the extender used to freeze boar semen, and the effects on the quality and endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities of frozen–thawed spermatozoa were assessed. The results indicated that the addition of ALA to the extender resulted in a higher percentage of motile spermatozoa post-thaw (P < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and catalase improved after adding ALA to the extender (P < 0.05). Artificial insemination results showed that pregnancy rate and litter size were significantly higher at 6.0 mg/ml in the ALA group than in the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ALA conferred a cryoprotective capacity to the extender used for boar semen during the process of freezing–thawing, and the optimal concentration of ALA for the frozen extender was 6.0 mg/ml.

scholarly journals Unveiling the Differential Antioxidant Activity of Maslinic Acid in Murine Melanoma Cells and in Rat Embryonic Healthy Cells Following Treatment with Hydrogen Peroxide

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 4020
Author(s):  
Khalida Mokhtari ◽  
Amalia Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
Leticia García-Salguero ◽  
José A. Lupiáñez ◽  
Eva E. Rufino-Palomares
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Maslinic Acid ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Melanoma B16f10

Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural triterpene from Olea europaea L. with multiple biological properties. The aim of the present study was to examine MA’s effect on cell viability (by the MTT assay), reactive oxygen species (ROS levels, by flow cytometry) and key antioxidant enzyme activities (by spectrophotometry) in murine skin melanoma (B16F10) cells compared to those on healthy cells (A10). MA induced cytotoxic effects in cancer cells (IC50 42 µM), whereas no effect was found in A10 cells treated with MA (up to 210 µM). In order to produce a stress situation in cells, 0.15 mM H2O2 was added. Under stressful conditions, MA protected both cell lines against oxidative damage, decreasing intracellular ROS, which were higher in B16F10 than in A10 cells. The treatment with H2O2 and without MA produced different responses in antioxidant enzyme activities depending on the cell line. In A10 cells, all the enzymes were up-regulated, but in B16F10 cells, only superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase increased their activities. MA restored the enzyme activities to levels similar to those in the control group in both cell lines, highlighting that in A10 cells, the highest MA doses induced values lower than control. Overall, these findings demonstrate the great antioxidant capacity of MA.

Queuine promotes antioxidant defence system by activating cellular antioxidant enzyme activities in cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandramani Pathak ◽  
Yogesh K. Jaiswal ◽  
Manjula Vinayak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

Constant generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) during normal cellular metabolism of an organism is generally balanced by a similar rate of consumption by antioxidants. Imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defence results in an increased level of ROS, causing oxidative stress, which leads to promotion of malignancy. Queuine is a hyper-modified base analogue of guanine, found at the first anticodon position of the Q-family of tRNAs. These tRNAs are completely modified with respect to queuosine in terminally differentiated somatic cells; however, hypo-modification of Q-tRNAs is closely associated with cell proliferation. Q-tRNA modification is essential for normal development, differentiation and cellular function. Queuine is a nutrient factor for eukaryotes. It is found to promote the cellular antioxidant defence system and inhibit tumorigenesis. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase are found to be low in the DLAT (Dalton's lymphoma ascites transplanted) mouse liver compared with normal mouse liver. However, exogenous administration of queuine to the DLAT cancerous mouse improves the activities of antioxidant enzymes. These results suggest that queuine promotes the antioxidant defence system by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and in turn inhibits oxidative stress and tumorigenesis.

scholarly journals ALPHA–LIPOIC ACID ANTIOXIDANT EFFICIENCY IN TREATMENT OF PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS

2015 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
L. Korol ◽  
N. Stepanova ◽  
O. Ablogina ◽  
L. Migal
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Efficiency ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Oxidative Processes

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the antioxidant alpha–lipoic acid in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients taking into account the state of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant protection (AOP) before and after treatment. Patients and methods. The research revealed the intensity of oxidative processes in 20 patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on the basis of а–lipoic acid applied parenterally in a dose of 600 mg for 2–weeks followed by a transfer to the 6 weeks of oral reception. The intensity of oxidative processes was evaluated before and after treatment through determining the content of MDA in serum (MDAs) and erythrocytes (MDAe). AOP activity was evaluated by the content of the antioxidant enzyme ceruloplasmin (CP), transferrin (Tr), SH–groups and total peroxidase activity (TPA) of red blood cells. The control group consisted of30 individuals comparable on for age and sex. Results. The effects on the study of PD patients (positive decrease of MDAs, increase in CP higher than control group, a significant increase in the content of SH–groups (p=0,04), TPA (p=0,009), Tr (p=0,002) and catalase serum) demonstrated a considerable positive dynamics of LPO /AOP influenced by the use of а–lipoic acid. Conclusions. The research opens up the prospect for further study ofLPO /AOP blood in PD patients and proves the application expediency of alpha–lipoic acid for this group. Use of the latter lowers the activity of oxidative processes significantly and restores AOP indicators substantially, which in turn minimizes the negative influence of oxidative stress on a patient’s body.

Effect of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Tanrıkulu-Küçük ◽  
Canan Başaran-Küçükgergin ◽  
Muhammed Seyithanoğlu ◽  
Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu ◽  
Hikmet Koçak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
High Fat

This study investigated the effects of curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (8 rats per group). The control group was fed a normal control diet (standard laboratory chow), the HFD group was fed HFD (60% of total calories from fat), the HFD+CUR group received HFD supplemented with curcumin (1.5 g curcumin/kg HFD), the HFD+CAP group was given HFD supplemented with capsaicin (0.15 g capsaicin/kg HFD), and the HFD+CUR+CAP group received HFD supplemented with curcumin and capsaicin for 16 weeks. Hepatic and testicular thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione transferase activity, and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase protein expression and enzyme activities were measured. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting. GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured with colorimetric methods. HFD slightly increased hepatic and testicular oxidative stress parameters. GSH levels did not change between groups. TBARS and ROS levels were significantly reduced in the HFD+CUR+CAP group compared with the HFD group. Liver and testis antioxidant enzyme activities and expression increased significantly with combined capsaicin and curcumin treatment. Curcumin and capsaicin treatment attenuated testicular and hepatic oxidative stress and enhanced the antioxidant defense system. The combination of capsaicin and curcumin with HFD seems to have some remarkable and beneficial effects on testicular oxidative damage in the fatty liver rat model.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENDOGENOUS SALICYLIC ACID AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN MAIZE SEEDLINGS UNDER CHILLING STRESS

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
YANG WANG ◽  
TINGTING WEN ◽  
JIN HU ◽  
RUI HAN ◽  
YANFANG ZHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYSalicylic acid (SA) can induce multiple stress tolerance in plants. This study investigated the relationship between SA and antioxidant enzyme activities in maize seedlings under chilling stress. Changes of endogenous SA, antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were assessed in two different chilling-tolerant maize inbred lines (Huang C and Mo17) under chilling stress. The results showed that both endogenous free and bound salicylic acid contents increased in roots and leaves of both lines. MDA concentrations also increased significantly in roots and leaves of both lines after chilling stress. In addition, in Huang C, chilling stress increased the activities of four antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and peroxidase, while in Mo17, only CAT and APX increased. Furthermore, a regression analysis was conducted between SA and MDA concentrations or antioxidant enzyme activities under chilling stress. The results indicated that MDA concentrations were positively correlated with total SA contents in roots (r = 0.9776, p = 0.0224) and bound SA in leaves (r = 0.9974, p = 0.0458), respectively. Total SA contents had positive correlations with APX activities both in roots (r = 0.9993, p = 0.002) and leaves (r = 0.9630, p = 0.037) and GR in leaves (r = 0.9298, p = 0.0221). Together, these results suggested that chilling stress improved the biosynthesis of endogenous SA, and lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities could be indicated by endogenous SA contents of maize seedlings under chilling stress. Furthermore, increased activities of antioxidant enzymes, especially in roots, may contribute to the chilling tolerance of maize seedlings.

scholarly journals Whole-body hyperthermia-induced thermotolerance is associated with the induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 in mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Yueh-Tsu King ◽  
Chih-Sheng Lin ◽  
Jyh-Hung Lin ◽  
Wen-Chuan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Whole Body Hyperthermia

SUMMARY Molecular mechanisms of whole-body thermotolerance (WBT) in mammals have not been investigated thoroughly. The purpose of this study was to assess the induction of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) and antioxidant enzyme activity in animal WBT, which was induced by whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) in mice. As a preconditioning treatment, WBH was applied to mice to induce WBT. Synthesis of inducible HSP70 (HSP70i) and quantification of its increased level in liver were investigated by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. HSP70i synthesis in mice liver was induced by non-lethal WBH (41°C, 30 min). When compared to control animals, the level of liver HSP70i increased substantially (by 3.6-fold; P&lt;0.0001). When exposed to 30 min of hyperthermia preconditioning, and after recovery for 48 h, the survival rate was 88.2 %, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (37.5 %; P&lt;0.01). Moreover, the survival rate of animals subjected to preconditioning for 15 min was 72.2 %, which was also significantly higher than that of the control group (P&lt;0.05). In contrast, the survival rate of animals subjected to preconditioning for 45 min was 63.5 %, which was not different from the control group. Nonetheless, the protection index of the group subjected to 15 min and 30 min of preconditioning was 1.93 and 2.37, respectively. Furthermore, to assess their contributions to WBT, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were also measured. After 48 h of recovery in preconditioned animals, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, had not changed significantly. To study the molecular mechanism of WBT, we successfully developed a mouse model and suggest that, rather than the activities of antioxidant enzymes, it is HSP70i that has a role to help animals survive during severe heat stress.

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