Identity and Moral Choice: A Moral Psychology of the Ethics to Understand Genocide and Terror

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Moral Choice

Tyrant and Philosopher: Two Fundamental Lives in Plato’s Myth of Er

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy German
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Limit Case ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Close Inspection ◽  
Internal Instability ◽  
Human Excellence

What is the significance of the recurring link between tyranny and philosophy in Plato? Often, Plato’s treatment of tyranny is discussed either in the context of moral psychology—as a problem of agency, moral choice and akrasia — or political science, where it is the limit case of political decline. It is suggested, however, that a close inspection of the myth of Er and an elucidation of its neglected links, not just with the rest of the Republic but also with dialogues such as the Philebus and the Symposium, shows that Socrates’ fascination with tyrannical characters points to a deeper theme — nature, and specifically the problem of its benevolence to our purposes and its very ambiguous relation to human excellence and degradation. Philosopher and tyrant, for all the radical differences between them, both illuminate the internal instability of the human being in Plato’s thought.

The Psychology of Difference

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Renwick Monroe
Keyword(s):  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Methodological Pluralism ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Traditional Approaches

This concluding chapter presents some thoughts about the implications of this study for the overall understanding of ethics, moral psychology, and other works on prejudice and genocide. It reveals how events in the author's personal life influenced her work and how she was, in turn, changed by it, leading her to view the world differently, and making her aware of limitations in the traditional approaches to the discipline as well as heightening her commitment to interdisciplinary work and methodological pluralism in the search for fresher approaches to studying the normative bases of politics. In returning to these themes, the chapter reviews what has been learned about altruism, moral choice, and the psychology surrounding the ethics of difference.

Cooperation and obligation in early parent-child relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross A. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Social Agency ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Peer Experiences ◽  
Early Experiences ◽  
Early Parent ◽  
Collaborative Skills ◽  
Parent Child Relationships

Abstract Tomasello's moral psychology of obligation would be developmentally deepened by greater attention to early experiences of cooperation and shared social agency between parents and infants, evolved to promote infant survival. They provide a foundation for developing understanding of the mutual obligations of close relationships that contribute (alongside peer experiences) to growing collaborative skills, fairness expectations, and fidelity to social norms.

Socratic Moral Psychology

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Brickhouse ◽  
Nicholas D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Moral Psychology

Identity, voice, and the psycho/dialogical perspectives from moral psychology.

1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Day ◽  
Mark B. Tappan
Keyword(s):  
Moral Psychology

Ethics in an Age of Terror and Genocide

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Renwick Monroe
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Self In Relation ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Holocaust

What causes genocide? Why do some stand by, doing nothing, while others risk their lives to help the persecuted? This book analyzes riveting interviews with bystanders, Nazi supporters, and rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust to lay bare critical psychological forces operating during genocide. The book's examination of these moving—and disturbing—interviews underscores the significance of identity for moral choice. The book finds that self-image and identity—especially the sense of self in relation to others—determine and delineate our choice options, not just morally but cognitively. It introduces the concept of moral salience to explain how we establish a critical psychological relationship with others, classifying individuals in need as “people just like us” or reducing them to strangers perceived as different, threatening, or even beyond the boundaries of our concern. The book explicates the psychological dehumanization that is a prerequisite for genocide and uses knowledge of human behavior during the Holocaust to develop a broader theory of moral choice, one applicable to other forms of ethnic, religious, racial, and sectarian prejudice, aggression, and violence. It suggests that identity is more fundamental than reasoning in our treatment of others.

Moral Psychology And Artificial Agents (Part 1): Ontologically Categorizing Bio-Cultural Humans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Laakasuo ◽  
Anton Berg ◽  
Jukka Sundvall ◽  
Marianna Drosinou ◽  
Volo Herzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Moral Cognition ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Mind Perception ◽  
Ontological Categories

In this chapter, we will provide theoretical background of discussion on issues related to AIs. Some of the main topics, theories and frameworks are mind perception and moral cognition, moral psychology, evolutionary psychology, trans-humanism and ontological categories shaped by evolution.

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