Hypotheses about states, structure–stages, consciousness, and the human brain in everyday life.

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Roman Angerer
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Everyday Life

CRITICAL STUDY ON DATABASE AND PROMINENT PROGRAMMES

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Dr. Vinod Kumar ◽  
Gagandeep Raheja ◽  
Sukhpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Database Systems ◽  
Simple Device ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
The People

The people who work with computers, the programmers, analysts, and operators who seem to live by rules of their own and seldom leave their own environment, tend to be very cynical towards the stories of electronic brains. This attitude will appear hardly surprising when one eventually learns that the computer is a very simple device and is as far removed from an electronic brain as a bicycle from a spaceship. Programmers in particular are the people most aware that computers are no substitute for the human brain; in fact, the preparation of work to be run on a computer can be one of the most mind-bending exercises encountered in everyday life. Databases and database systems have become an essential component of everyday life in modern society. In the course of a day, most of us encounter several activities that involve some interaction with a database. So in this paper we will talk about how to manage the different type of data involved in any form in the database.

Temporal Dependency of Multisensory Audiovisual Integration

2013 ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
Jingjing Yang ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Yulin Gao ◽  
Jinglong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Audiovisual Integration ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Complex Environment ◽  
Temporal Factor

In everyday life, our brains integrate various kinds of information from different modalities to perceive our complex environment. Spatial and temporal proximity of multisensory stimuli is required for multisensory integration. Many researches have shown that temporal asynchrony of visual-auditory stimuli can influence multisensory integration. However, the neural mechanisms of asynchrony inputs were not well understood. Some researchers believe that humans have a relatively broad time window, in which stimuli from different modalities and asynchronous inputs tends to be integrated into a single unified percept. Others believe that the human brain can actively coordinate the auditory and visual input so that we do not notice the asynchronous inputs of multisensory stimuli. This review focuses on the question of how the temporal factor affects the processing of audiovisual information.

Dérive psychose géographique

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-62
Author(s):  
Joshua Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
The Political ◽  
Deleuze And Guattari ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Television Watching ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Mind And Body

This chapter reads Chloé Delaume’s J’habite dans la télévision [I Live in the Television] (2006), a novel that directly confronts the reader with the hegemony of commercial visual media in everyday life. Delaume takes as a starting point former TF1 CEO Patrick Le Lay’s assertion that television exists in order to ‘sell to Coca Cola…available human brain time.’ Delaume subjects herself to 22 months of constant television viewing, documenting—and attempting to resist—such effects upon her mind and body. By amplifying the everyday activity of television watching to the point of hyperbole, Delaume takes us from the ‘metanoia’ of having the polished world delivered to you on the screen, to the ‘paranoia’ and ‘dérive psychose géographique’ [drifting geographical psychosis] that results from television’s worst de-localizing and de-socializing effects. This chapter draws upon Paul Virilio’s media theory and Delaume’s own musings upon map and territory—which draw upon Deleuze and Guattari—to reveal the processes by which commercial visual media deprives its viewers of the cognitive distance vis-à-vis reality needed to forge existential territory. Delaume’s ludic novel goes to great lengths to restore this distance, and exposes the political and phallocratic regime behind television’s imposed logics in the process.

scholarly journals A robust voice-selective response in the human brain as revealed by electrophysiological recordings and fast periodic auditory stimulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca M. Barbero ◽  
Roberta P. Calce ◽  
Siddharth Talwar ◽  
Bruno Rossion ◽  
Olivier Collignon
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Auditory Stimulation ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Objectively Measured

AbstractVoices are arguably among the most relevant sounds in humans’ everyday life, and several studies have suggested the existence of voice-selective regions in the human brain. Despite two decades of research, defining the human brain regions supporting voice recognition remains challenging. Moreover, whether neural selectivity to voices is merely driven by acoustic properties specific to human voices (e.g. spectrogram, harmonicity), or whether it also reflects a higher-level categorization response is still under debate. Here, we objectively measured rapid automatic categorization responses to human voices with Fast Periodic Auditory Stimulation (FPAS) combined with electroencephalography (EEG). Participants were tested with stimulation sequences containing heterogeneous non-vocal sounds from different categories presented at 4 Hz (i.e., 4 stimuli/second), with vocal sounds appearing every 3 stimuli (1.333 Hz). A few minutes of stimulation are sufficient to elicit robust 1.333 Hz voice-selective focal brain responses over superior temporal regions of individual participants. This response is virtually absent for sequences using frequency-scrambled sounds, but is clearly observed when voices are presented among sounds from musical instruments matched for pitch and harmonicity-to-noise ratio. Overall, our FPAS paradigm demonstrates that the human brain seamlessly categorizes human voices when compared to other sounds including matched musical instruments and that voice-selective responses are at least partially independent from low-level acoustic features, making it a powerful and versatile tool to understand human auditory categorization in general.Significance statementVoices are arguably among the most relevant sounds we hear in our everyday life, and several studies have corroborated the existence of regions in the human brain that respond preferentially to voices. However, whether this preference is driven by specific acoustic properties of voices or if it rather reflects a higher-level categorization response to voices is still under debate. We propose a new approach to objectively identify rapid automatic voice-selective responses with frequency tagging and electroencephalographic recordings. In four minutes of recording only, we recorded robust voice-selective responses independent from low-level acoustic cues, making this approach highly promising for studying auditory perception in children and clinical populations.

Neurotransmitter and Behaviour

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Chemical Messengers

Neurotransmitters play a major role in everyday life and functioning. Everything known about human behaviour suggests it is regulated entirely by the human brain. Brain cells (neurons) communicate with one another (synaptic transmission) and with other cells in the body through small molecules called neurotransmitters (NT). NT are released by neurons and picked up by targeted cells through NT receptors (NTR). Increase or decrease in the production of any of these molecules due to any reason can produce profound effects on behaviour. Knowledge of the pathways involved in NT function has allowed development of drugs that modulate these pathways up or down. Scientists do not yet know exactly how many neurotransmitters exist, but more than 200 chemical messengers have been identified.

Language processing is not a race against time

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Baggio ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Language System ◽  
Moderating Factors

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

Structural and Chemical Studies of Pathological Fibers in Human Neurofibrillary Degeneration

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 726-729
Author(s):  
K.S. Kosik ◽  
L.K. Duffy ◽  
S. Bakalis ◽  
C. Abraham ◽  
D.J. Selkoe
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangles ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Protein Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Studies

The major structural lesions of the human brain during aging and in Alzheimer disease (AD) are the neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and the senile (neuritic) plaque. Although these fibrous alterations have been recognized by light microscopists for almost a century, detailed biochemical and morphological analysis of the lesions has been undertaken only recently. Because the intraneuronal deposits in the NFT and the plaque neurites and the extraneuronal amyloid cores of the plaques have a filamentous ultrastructure, the neuronal cytoskeleton has played a prominent role in most pathogenetic hypotheses.The approach of our laboratory toward elucidating the origin of plaques and tangles in AD has been two-fold: the use of analytical protein chemistry to purify and then characterize the pathological fibers comprising the tangles and plaques, and the use of certain monoclonal antibodies to neuronal cytoskeletal proteins that, despite high specificity, cross-react with NFT and thus implicate epitopes of these proteins as constituents of the tangles.

Toward a neuroscope: An application of high-performance computing for real-time evaluation of brain function using MRI

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 922-923
Author(s):  
C. S. Potter ◽  
C. D. Gregory ◽  
H. D. Morris ◽  
Z.-P. Liang ◽  
P. C. Lauterbur
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Complex Signal ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Cognitive Studies ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Imaging And Spectroscopy ◽  
3D Anatomy

Over the past few years, several laboratories have demonstrated that changes in local neuronal activity associated with human brain function can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Using these methods, the effects of sensory and motor stimulation have been observed and cognitive studies have begun. These new methods promise to make possible even more rapid and extensive studies of brain organization and responses than those now in use, such as positron emission tomography.Human brain studies are enormously complex. Signal changes on the order of a few percent must be detected against the background of the complex 3D anatomy of the human brain. Today, most functional MR experiments are performed using several 2D slice images acquired at each time step or stimulation condition of the experimental protocol. It is generally believed that true 3D experiments must be performed for many cognitive experiments. To provide adequate resolution, this requires that data must be acquired faster and/or more efficiently to support 3D functional analysis.

Thriving in Academia: Understanding and Managing the Complexities of Faculty Work

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketevan Mamiseishvili
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Higher Education Research ◽  
Faculty Work ◽  
College And University ◽  
Teaching Research ◽  
University Settings

In this paper, I will illustrate the changing nature and complexity of faculty employment in college and university settings. I will use existing higher education research to describe changes in faculty demographics, the escalating demands placed on faculty in the work setting, and challenges that confront professors seeking tenure or administrative advancement. Boyer’s (1990) framework for bringing traditionally marginalized and neglected functions of teaching, service, and community engagement into scholarship is examined as a model for balancing not only teaching, research, and service, but also work with everyday life.

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