Measures of Relationship Quality: Comparability, Reliability, and Validity

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Preisel ◽  
Steve Slane ◽  
Vincent Welch
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Reliability And Validity

scholarly journals Turkish Adaptation of the Positive–Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Arzu Araz ◽  
Duygu Güngör ◽  
Eda Aşçı
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses

Background: The present study investigates the reliability and validity of the Positive–Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) scale in Turkey. This study aims to test different factorial models including orthogonal factors model, correlated factors model, one-factor model, and bifactor model. Methods: In order to determine the validity and reliability of the scale, two studies were performed. The first was carried out with emerging adults (university students) who were in a romantic relationship (148 females, 43 males, and 2 unknown) and had the main purpose to examine the structure validity of the measurement tool in the Turkish sample with an exploratory analysis. Study 2 was performed online with 513 married adults (359 females, 149 males, and 5 unknown); confirmatory findings and criterion validity studies were added. Results: Exploratory factor analyses revealed that relationship quality had a two-factor structure and that there was also a negative relationship between the factors. Confirmatory factor analyses on the married sample showed that the bi-factor model provided evidence for the multidimensional nature of the scale. Both studies demonstrated high internal consistency. Conclusion: There is evidence for reliability and validity in the Turkish version of the PN-RQ scale to measure both positive and negative aspects of the relationship. The PN-RQ scale will be highly functional for social and clinical psychologists who work on close relationship issues in Turkey.

Reliability and Validity of Organization-Public Relationship Measurement and Linkages among Relationship Indicators in a Membership Organization

2007 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyun-Jung Ki ◽  
Linda Childers Hon
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Multiple Item ◽  
Membership Organization ◽  
Quality Relationships

This research was designed to develop reliable and valid measures of the outcomes of quality relationships. Hon and J. E. Grunig's extended scales for four relationship dimensions were tested using multiple-item measurement procedures as suggested. The constructed measures were refined further using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Causal linkages among relationship quality indicators were also tested. The developed measures and the model can be used to better understand a public's perceptions of its relationship with an organization, thus helping organizations better understand how to cultivate and sustain these relationships.

On Evolving Nature of Relationship by Perspective Mutuality: Reconceptualizing Relationship Typology Between Organization and Its Publics

2020 ◽  
pp. 107769902094925
Author(s):  
Yeunjae Lee ◽  
Jeong-Nam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Communal Relationship ◽  
Communal Relationships ◽  
Relationship Types ◽  
Practical Implications

To address conceptual and methodological issues regarding the exchange–communal relationship typology in public relations scholarship, this study reconceptualizes and validates three relationship types—egoistic, provident, and communal relationships. Two distinct relationship perspectives, organization-oriented and public-oriented, are also explored. The results of the two studies, focusing on an organization’s respective relationships with internal (i.e., employees) and external (i.e., consumers) publics, demonstrate the construct reliability and validity of newly conceptualized relationship types. The association between relationship types and relationship quality—trust, control mutuality, commitment, and satisfaction—is examined with structural equation modeling (SEM) and each path of two studies was compared through multigroup analysis. Theoretical and practical implications for public relations disciplines are discussed.

Banks’ Lending Relationship Quality Index (LRQI) for the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Tury Retap ◽  
Firdaus Abdullah ◽  
Jamil Hamali
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Sampling Procedures

Stiff competition in the service industry like banking sector has forced banks to search for the best approach to create, attract and retain a segment of satisfied customers. Relationship marketing is a comprehensive strategy used by many service providers to maintain an on-going long-term relationship with their existing customers. A proper implementation of relationship marketing activities is evident from good relationship quality built between the customer and the service provider. Due to the above needs, development of a new measuring instrument (Lending Relationship Quality Index (LRQI) to assess the quality of lending relationship between the banks and their SM E borrowings’ customers, a nationwide survey is proposed to identify factors presumed to influence the quality of lending relationship from SME borrowings’ customers perspective A sample size of 2,000 will be drawn from the SME customers having lending relationship with domestic commercial banks. The sampling procedures to be used for this study will be Convenient Sampling. The items in the questionnaire will be measured on a five-point Likert – type scale. Previous researches had focused on assessing relationship quality between the banks and their customers but have neglected to determine the quality of relationship in the context of lending between the banks and their SME borrowings’ customers. The new measuring instrument will be empirically tested for multi-dimensionality, reliability and validity by using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The findings from this study will add value to the existing literatures on relationship quality by linking the proposed seven factors of lending relationship quality namely, trust, communication quality of relationship, amount of information sharing, long-term relationship orientation, satisfaction with the relationship, closeness and commitment as the independent variables to the dependent variables which consist of lending relationship quality and how it relates to satisfaction and retention.

scholarly journals Turkish Adaptation of the Positive-Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arzu Araz ◽  
Duygu Güngör ◽  
Eda Aşçı
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses

The present study investigates the reliability and validity of the Positive-Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) scale in Turkey. In order to determine the validity and reliability of the scale, two studies were performed. The first was carried out with emerging adults (university students) who were in a romantic relationship (148 females, 43 males, and 2 unkown) and had the main purpose to examine the structure validity of the measurement tool in the Turkish sample with an exploratory analysis. Study 2 was performed online with 513 married adults (359 females, 149 males, and 5 unknown); confirmatory findings and criterion validity studies were added. Exploratory factor analyses revealed that relationship quality had a two-factor structure and that there was also a negative relationship between the factors. Confirmatory factor analyses on the married sample showed that the bi-factor model provided evidence for the multidimensional nature of the scale. Both studies demonstrated high internal consistency.

scholarly journals The Relationship among Service Quality, Relationship Quality, and Customer Loyalty for Chain Restaurant Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Lung Chen
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Catering Industry ◽  
Fierce Competition

<p>In an environment featuring fierce competition and consumers’ ever higher requirements on service quality, the enterprises in the catering industry are facing unprecedented pressure in their survival. This study aims to explore the relevance among service quality, relationship quality and customer loyalty. With the customers of the Taiwanese chain stores in the catering industry as the research subjects, it collects data through questionnaire and analyzes the data with the descriptive statistics, the reliability and validity analysis, and the multiple regression analysis. The research results show that the “tangibles”, “responsiveness” and “assurance” of service quality have effects on relationship quality. Moreover, the “assurance” of service quality and the “trust” and “commitment” have effects on customer loyalty. According to the research results, this study offers some reference to relevant enterprises and provides a direction for future studies.</p>

Clausal Density Between Ages 4 and 9 Years for the Edmonton Narrative Norms Instrument: Reference Data and Psychometric Properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ling-Yu Guo ◽  
Phyllis Schneider ◽  
William Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Purpose This study provided reference data and examined psychometric properties for clausal density (CD; i.e., number of clauses per utterance) in children between ages 4 and 9 years from the database of the Edmonton Narrative Norms Instrument (ENNI). Method Participants in the ENNI database included 300 children with typical language (TL) and 77 children with language impairment (LI) between the ages of 4;0 (years;months) and 9;11. Narrative samples were collected using a story generation task, in which children were asked to tell stories based on six picture sequences. CD was computed from the narrative samples. The split-half reliability, concurrent criterion validity, and diagnostic accuracy were evaluated for CD by age. Results CD scores increased significantly between ages 4 and 9 years in children with TL and those with LI. Children with TL produced higher CD scores than those with LI at each age level. In addition, the correlation coefficients for the split-half reliability and concurrent criterion validity of CD scores were all significant at each age level, with the magnitude ranging from small to large. The diagnostic accuracy of CD scores, as revealed by sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios, was poor. Conclusions The finding on diagnostic accuracy did not support the use of CD for identifying children with LI between ages 4 and 9 years. However, given the attested reliability and validity for CD, reference data of CD from the ENNI database can be used for evaluating children's difficulties with complex syntax and monitoring their change over time. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13172129

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