India and Pakistan Situation: From 1947 to Mumbai in 2008---Forgiveness and Reconcilability in South Asia

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani Nath
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
A. K. Enamul Haque ◽  
M. N. Murty ◽  
Priya Shyamsundar

Author(s):  
Paul M. McGarr
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritam K. Rohila
Keyword(s):  

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pashington Obeng
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 281-300
Author(s):  
Amanda Lanzillo

Focusing on the lithographic print revolution in North India, this article analyses the role played by scribes working in Perso-Arabic script in the consolidation of late nineteenth-century vernacular literary cultures. In South Asia, the rise of lithographic printing for Perso-Arabic script languages and the slow shift from classical Persian to vernacular Urdu as a literary register took place roughly contemporaneously. This article interrogates the positionality of scribes within these transitions. Because print in North India relied on lithography, not movable type, scribes remained an important part of book production on the Indian subcontinent through the early twentieth century. It analyses the education and models of employment of late nineteenth-century scribes. New scribal classes emerged during the transition to print and vernacular literary culture, in part due to the intervention of lithographic publishers into scribal education. The patronage of Urdu-language scribal manuals by lithographic printers reveals that scribal education in Urdu was directly informed by the demands of the print economy. Ultimately, using an analysis of scribal manuals, the article contributes to our knowledge of the social positioning of book producers in South Asia and demonstrates the vitality of certain practices associated with manuscript culture in the era of print.


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