Supplemental Material for Emotional Flooding in Response to Negative Affect in Couple Conflicts: Individual Differences and Correlates

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional Flooding

Measures of RSA Suppression, Attentional Control, and Negative Affect Predict Self-Ratings of Executive Functions

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Healy ◽  
Aaron Treadwell ◽  
Mandy Reagan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Low Levels

The current study was an attempt to determine the degree to which the suppression of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and attentional control were influential in the ability to engage various executive processes under high and low levels of negative affect. Ninety-four college students completed the Stroop Test while heart rate was being recorded. Estimates of the suppression of RSA were calculated from each participant in response to this test. The participants then completed self-ratings of attentional control, negative affect, and executive functioning. Regression analysis indicated that individual differences in estimates of the suppression of RSA, and ratings of attentional control were associated with the ability to employ executive processes but only when self-ratings of negative affect were low. An increase in negative affect compromised the ability to employ these strategies in the majority of participants. The data also suggest that high attentional control in conjunction with attenuated estimates of RSA suppression may increase the ability to use executive processes as negative affect increases.

scholarly journals Using emotion as information in future-oriented cognition: Individual differences in the context of state negative affect

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Marroquín ◽  
Chloe C. Boyle ◽  
Susan Nolen-Hoeksema ◽  
Annette L. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
State Negative Affect

Secrets, Psychological Health, and the Fear of Discovery

2020 ◽  
pp. 014616722094619
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Davis ◽  
Hannah Brazeau ◽  
Elisabeth Bailin Xie ◽  
Kathleen McKee
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over Time

Keeping secrets from one’s partner has been associated with lower well-being and relationship satisfaction. Previous research has suggested that individual differences in self-concealment account for these effects. However, we propose that the fear of discovery (FoD)—defined as the fear that one’s secret may be revealed by means other than deliberate disclosure—predicts the extent to which secrets affect well-being beyond the effects attributable to individual differences. Both a cross-sectional and a longitudinal survey (combined N = 471; 54.4% female; Mage = 39.5) of adults in romantic relationships confirmed that FoD predicted greater preoccupation with the secret, more negative affect, and less relationship satisfaction and commitment beyond that of self-concealment. Multilevel modeling in Study 2 indicated that changes in FoD predicted changes in preoccupation over time. The data are consistent with the notion that FoD promotes greater preoccupation, greater negative affect, and lower levels of relationship well-being.

Individual differences in negative affect repair style

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott H. Hemenover ◽  
Colin R. Harbke
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect

Individual Differences in Cognitive Reappraisal Predict Emotional Experience Prior to Achievement Situations

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Balzarotti ◽  
Valentina Chiarella ◽  
Maria Rita Ciceri
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Time Points

Abstract. In the present study, we examined whether individual differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal predict the experience of more positive and less negative emotions prior to an evaluative task, as well as whether reappraisal is associated with better performance. In a longitudinal design, 130 students were asked to report their spontaneous use of reappraisal as well as the emotions experienced at three time points prior to an academic exam. Results showed that the use of cognitive reappraisal measured when students began to study predicted less negative and more positive emotions in the following two weeks. Further, positive and negative affect were significant predictors of the grade achieved. Finally, cognitive reappraisal had a significant indirect effect on the grade students achieved. These findings suggest that cognitive reappraisal can be effective in regulating emotions while approaching evaluative stressors.

Emotion in Imaginative Resistance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Campbell ◽  
William Kidder ◽  
Jason D'Cruz ◽  
Brendan Gaesser
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Moral Beliefs ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Imaginative Resistance ◽  
Emotional Harm

Imaginative resistance refers to cases in which one’s otherwise flexible imaginative capacity is constrained by an unwillingness or inability to imaginatively engage with a given claim. In three studies, we explored which imaginative demands engender resistance when imagining morally deviant worlds and whether individual differences in emotion predict the degree of this resistance. Participants read narratives containing either no harmful actions, harmful actions, or harmful actions with evaluative statements that the harms were morally justified, after which measures of moral judgment and imaginative resistance were assessed. In Study 1 (N = 176), participants resisted the notion that harmful actions could be morally acceptable regardless of the author’s claims about these actions but did not resist imagining that a perpetrator of harm could believe their actions to be morally acceptable. In Study 2 (N = 167) we replicated the findings of Study 1 and showed that imaginative resistance is greatest among participants who experience more negative affect in response to imagining harm and are lower in either trait anxiety or trait psychopathy. In Study 3 (N = 210) we show that this is the case even when the harms assessed include both low-severity (i.e., emotional harm) and high-severity (i.e., killing) cases. These findings suggest that people’s moral beliefs constrain their ability to imagine hypothetical moral alternatives, although this ability systematically varies on the basis of stable individual differences in emotion.

LGBTQ-Related Individual Differences Predict Emotional Reactions to the Pulse Nightclub Shootings

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-226
Author(s):  
Ralitsa S. Maduro ◽  
Brynn E. Sheehan ◽  
Phoebe Hitson ◽  
Alexander T. Shappie ◽  
Valerian J. Derlega
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Related Individual ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Identity Centrality ◽  
Public Regard

This study examined, among 232 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning (LGBTQ) participants, the association of identity centrality and public regard with negative affect about the Pulse nightclub shootings in Orlando, Florida. Identification with victims and perceived threat to personal safety were sequential mediators. Identity centrality was associated with greater identification with the shooting victims. In turn, identification with the victims was associated with greater perceived threat, followed by more negative affect. Low public regard was associated with greater perceived threat that, in turn, was associated with more negative affect. The results support the notion that LGBTQ-related individual differences increase distress about anti-sexual/gender minority hate crimes, especially for individuals with a strong LGBTQ identity and who believe that the majority, heterosexual society devalues sexual/gender minority persons.

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