Collective behaviour can stabilize ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Dalziel ◽  
Mark Novak ◽  
James R. Watson ◽  
Stephen P. Ellner
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behaviour

scholarly journals Fishing out collective memory of migratory schools

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (95) ◽  
pp. 20140043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo De Luca ◽  
Patrizio Mariani ◽  
Brian R. MacKenzie ◽  
Matteo Marsili
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Individual Preference ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adaptive Networks ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Migration Pathways

Animals form groups for many reasons, but there are costs and benefits associated with group formation. One of the benefits is collective memory. In groups on the move, social interactions play a crucial role in the cohesion and the ability to make consensus decisions. When migrating from spawning to feeding areas, fish schools need to retain a collective memory of the destination site over thousands of kilometres, and changes in group formation or individual preference can produce sudden changes in migration pathways. We propose a modelling framework, based on stochastic adaptive networks, that can reproduce this collective behaviour. We assume that three factors control group formation and school migration behaviour: the intensity of social interaction, the relative number of informed individuals and the strength of preference that informed individuals have for a particular migration area. We treat these factors independently and relate the individuals’ preferences to the experience and memory for certain migration sites. We demonstrate that removal of knowledgeable individuals or alteration of individual preference can produce rapid changes in group formation and collective behaviour. For example, intensive fishing targeting the migratory species and also their preferred prey can reduce both terms to a point at which migration to the destination sites is suddenly stopped. The conceptual approaches represented by our modelling framework may therefore be able to explain large-scale changes in fish migration and spatial distribution.

COLLECTIVITY IN COMPOSITE FRAGMENT EMISSION FROM RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION COLLISIONS

1987 ◽  
Vol 02 (10) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BOCK ◽  
G. CLAESSON ◽  
K. G. R. DOSS ◽  
R. L. FERGUSON ◽  
I. GAVRON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Plastic Ball

Composite fragments of 2 < Z < 10 have been measured in the Plastic Ball Spectrometer in 200 MeV/nucleon Au + Au and Au + Fe collisions. Strong azimuthal alignment of the fragments reveal the collective behaviour of the reaction.

scholarly journals Task allocation and site fidelity jointly influence foraging regulation in honeybee colonies

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 170344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Mosqueiro ◽  
Chelsea Cook ◽  
Ramon Huerta ◽  
Jürgen Gadau ◽  
Brian Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Resource Collection ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Collective Foraging ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Colony Level ◽  
And Task

Variation in behaviour among group members often impacts collective outcomes. Individuals may vary both in the task that they perform and in the persistence with which they perform each task. Although both the distribution of individuals among tasks and differences among individuals in behavioural persistence can each impact collective behaviour, we do not know if and how they jointly affect collective outcomes. Here, we use a detailed computational model to examine the joint impact of colony-level distribution among tasks and behavioural persistence of individuals, specifically their fidelity to particular resource sites, on the collective trade-off between exploring for new resources and exploiting familiar ones. We developed an agent-based model of foraging honeybees, parametrized by data from five colonies, in which we simulated scouts, who search the environment for new resources, and individuals who are recruited by the scouts to the newly found resources, i.e. recruits. We varied the persistence of returning to a particular food source of both scouts and recruits and found that, for each value of persistence, there is a different optimal ratio of scouts to recruits that maximizes resource collection by the colony. Furthermore, changes to the persistence of scouts induced opposite effects from changes to the persistence of recruits on the collective foraging of the colony. The proportion of scouts that resulted in the most resources collected by the colony decreased as the persistence of recruits increased. However, this optimal proportion of scouts increased as the persistence of scouts increased. Thus, behavioural persistence and task participation can interact to impact a colony's collective behaviour in orthogonal directions. Our work provides new insights and generates new hypotheses into how variations in behaviour at both the individual and colony levels jointly impact the trade-off between exploring for new resources and exploiting familiar ones.

At the Crossroads of Civilizations: The Cultural Orientations of Malaysian Intellectuals

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Regan
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Symbolic Space ◽  
Cultural Orientations

Too often civilizational analyses remain sealed in a hermetically closed vacuum. Disembodied motifs, designs, and themes tumble over one another in symbolic space, while fragments of Hinduism, Buddhism, and other civilizational complexes vie for idealistic preeminence. Intercivilizational encounters come to resemble pure clashes of ideas, not of individuals or strategic social groups, whose relevance for collective behaviour is minimized. The power of ideas, to mobilize and transform people and be transformed themselves, is thus denied.

Autonomous Recognition of Collective Behaviour in Robot Swarms

2020 ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
Kathryn Kasmarik ◽  
Shadi Abpeikar ◽  
Md Mohiuddin Khan ◽  
Noha Khattab ◽  
Michael Barlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Robot Swarms

scholarly journals Detecting collective behaviour in animal relocation data, with application to migrating caribou

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Dalziel ◽  
Mael Le Corre ◽  
Steeve D. Côté ◽  
Stephen P. Ellner
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behaviour

Special issue on emergent collective behaviour from groups of cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 060202
Author(s):  
Andrew Mugler ◽  
Bo Sun
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Special Issue

scholarly journals Group-level patterns emerge from individual speed as revealed by an extremely social robotic fish

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolle W. Jolles ◽  
Nils Weimar ◽  
Tim Landgraf ◽  
Pawel Romanczuk ◽  
Jens Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Work ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Robotic Fish ◽  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
Biomimetic Robot ◽  
Induced Changes

AbstractUnderstanding the emergence of collective behaviour has long been a key research focus in the natural sciences. Besides the fundamental role of social interaction rules, a combination of theoretical and empirical work indicates individual speed may be a key process that drives the collective behaviour of animal groups. Socially-induced changes in speed by interacting animals make it difficult to isolate the effects of individual speed on group-level behaviours. Here we tackled this issue by pairing guppies with a biomimetic robot. We used a closed-loop tracking and feedback system to let a robotic fish naturally interact with a live partner in real time, and programmed it to strongly copy and follow its partner’s movements while lacking any preferred movement speed or directionality of its own. We show that individual differences in guppies’ movement speed were highly repeatable and shaped key collective patterns: higher individual speeds resulted in stronger leadership, lower cohesion, higher alignment, and better temporal coordination in the pairs. By combining the strengths of individual-based models and observational work with state-of-the-art robotics, we provide novel evidence that individual speed is a key, fundamental process in the emergence of collective behaviour.

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