scholarly journals Plasma lipocalin-2/NGAL is stable over 12 weeks and is not modulated by exercise or dieting

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Nakai ◽  
Joshua Denham ◽  
Priscilla R. Prestes ◽  
Nina Eikelis ◽  
Elisabeth A. Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Post Menopausal

AbstractAmongst other immune cells, neutrophils play a key role in systemic inflammation leading to cardiovascular disease and can release inflammatory factors, including lipocalin-2 (LCN2). LCN2 drives cardiac hypertrophy and plays a role in maladaptive remodelling of the heart and has been associated with renal injury. While lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise are known to attenuate low-grade inflammation, their ability to modulate plasma LCN2 levels is unknown. Forty-eight endurance athletes and 52 controls (18–55 years) underwent measurement for various cardiovascular health indicators, along with plasma LCN2 concentration. No significant difference in LCN2 concentration was seen between the two groups. LCN2 was a very weak predictor or absent from models describing blood pressures or predicting athlete status. In another cohort, 57 non-diabetic overweight or obese men and post-menopausal women who fulfilled Adult Treatment Panel III metabolic syndrome criteria were randomly allocated into either a control, modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, or DASH and exercise group. Pre- and post-intervention demographic, cardiovascular health indicators, and plasma LCN2 expression were measured in each individual. While BMI fell in intervention groups, LCN2 levels remained unchanged within and between all groups, as illustrated by strong correlations between LCN2 concentrations pre- and 12 weeks post-intervention (r = 0.743, P < 0.0001). This suggests that circulating LCN2 expression are stable over a period of at least 12 weeks and is not modifiable by diet and exercise.

scholarly journals Effect of Stretching and Strengthening Protocol on Forward Flexed Posture in Post-Menopausal Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 306-314
Author(s):  
Sharvari Sahasrabuddhe ◽  
Sandeep B. Shinde ◽  
Pradnya P. Ghadage
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Strengthening Exercise ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Craniovertebral Angle

Background: Forward flexed posture is one of the most common structural change which occurs during menopause due to osteoporosis. Stretching and strengthening of cervical and thoracic spine muscles helps to alter the postural changes and maintain COG. This study thus, aims to see the effectiveness of the structured exercise protocol in post-menopausal women. Aims and Objective: To study the effectiveness of supervised and non-supervised stretching and strengthening protocol in post-menopausal women with forward posture. Materials and Methods: A total 40post-menopausal women with forward head posture were selected on the basis of selection criteria. They were randomly allocated in two groups A) Supervised Group= 20, B) Unsupervised Group=20 each. Forward flexed posture was assessed using Occiput to Wall Test and Craniovertebral Angle. Treatment was explained to both the groups. The pre and post measurements of the participants were recorded. Results: Statistical analysis was performed using the unpaired t test. Occiput to wall test and craniovertebral angle were used as the outcome measures for determining the effect of stretching and strengthening on forward neck posture. Comparing the pre-intervention and post-intervention values of occiput to wall test, a significant difference was seen following administration of protocol (p<0.0001). For craniovertebral angle, a significant difference was seen between pre-intervention and post-intervention values (p<0.0001). Also, it was seen that there was a significantly higher difference in the values of craniovertebral angle and occiput to wall test values in the supervised groups as compared to the unsupervised group. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated the effect of stretching and strengthening exercise in improving postural kyphosis in post-menopausal women. In addition, all variables of interest showed statistically significant post-treatment improvements in supervised group than unsupervised group.

scholarly journals Synovial Fluid Biomarkers in the Osteoarthritic Knee: Differences in Concentration with Progression of Radiographic Severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7_suppl6) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0044
Author(s):  
Darryl Whitney ◽  
David Klein ◽  
Tiffany Rodriguez ◽  
Lena Kenny ◽  
Eric Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Symptomatic Knee ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grade Groups

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to analyze the synovial fluid concentrations of known inflammatory biomarkers in the setting of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and assess for any differences in biomarker concentrations based on the extent of radiographic disease. Methods: Patients presenting with knee complaints were invited to provide synovial fluid samples from the symptomatic knee during their initial office visit. For this study, a subset of patients with OA was analyzed. The concentration of 16 synovial fluid biomarkers was measured, including TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, MMP-13, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1β, VEGF, bFGF, eotaxin, IL-1Ra, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, RANTES, and TSG-6. Samples were analyzed using a multiplex magnetic bead immunoassay. Patients were divided into a low-grade OA group (K-L ≤ 2 or OARSI ≤ 1) or a high-grade cartilage OA group (K-L ≥ 3 or OARSI ≥ 2). Results: 101 patients were included in this analysis. There was a significant difference in MIP-1β (p=0.025) and bFGF (p=0.015) concentrations between OARSI grade groups. Patients with high-grade joint space narrowing had significantly greater concentrations of MIP-1β (p=0.022) and bFGF (p=0.003). There was a significant difference in MIP-1β concentration between K-L grade groups (p=0.013). Patients in the high-grade K-L group had a significantly greater concentration of MIP-1β (p=0.020). Conclusions: The synovial fluid concentrations of two synovial fluid biomarkers were found to differ significantly based on the extent of radiographic OA present. MIP-1β is a pro-inflammatory growth factor known to induce the synthesis of other inflammatory factors including interleukins and TNF-α. bFGF is a growth factor that is known to promote chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, wound healing, and granulation tissue formation. Continued study of synovial fluid biomarkers in the setting of symptomatic OA may improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and identify treatment targets in an attempt to halt disease progression.

scholarly journals Three-Frames Approach to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Quasi-Experimental Educational Intervention among Civil Servants in Calabar, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Ogban E. Omoronyia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cvd Prevention ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have continued to be a leading cause of death among adults. Civil servants constitute vital workforce, and high CVD burden in this group has implications for national productivity. Unfortunately, guided cardiovascular health education interventions are uncommon. This study assessed the effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and practice of CVD prevention among Nigerian civil servants. Quasi-experimental study design was employed among subjects in distant communities in Cross River State. Multistage technique was used to recruit 172 subjects into one control group (Ogoja) and two intervention groups (Calabar and Ikom). The first intervention group received 4-h daily, 5-day cardiovascular health education, with emphasis on burden, risk factors, and preventive measures including nutrition, stress, alcohol, medicals, exercise, and smoking. The second intervention group received the same content of education, but with the use of Food, Rest for stress management, Alcohol, Medicals, Exercise, and Smoking (FRAMES) as guide for delivery. Questionnaires were used to assess knowledge and practice at baseline and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Knowledge scores and practice of CVD prevention were compared between study groups using inferential statistics. Mean age was 46.3 ± 7.4 years, and no significant difference in sociodemographic characteristics was observed by comparing the study groups (p > 0.05). Baseline knowledge and practice of preventive measures were generally poor, and no significant difference was observed by comparing the groups (p > 0.05). At 12 weeks post-intervention, knowledge of CVD was higher in the intervention groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Unlike control group, both intervention groups had improvement in physical exercise, medical screening, and fruit consumption (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in postintervention knowledge and practice of CVD prevention by comparing both intervention groups (p > 0.05). For effective delivery of cardiovascular health education, the use of “FRAMES” is as effective as its nonuse. Further studies in other settings are recommended.

scholarly journals PO-241 Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Activation of Neuroglia Cell and Expression of Inflammatory Factors in Aging Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaya Xiong ◽  
Jia Jia ◽  
Xuanming Hao
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Aging Models

Objective In recent years, aerobic exercise has been considered as a method of anti-aging. The aging mechanism in nervous system is closely related to increased activation of neuroglia cells and progressing neuroinflammation with aging.This study tried to shed some light on relationship between chronic inflammation accumulation and aerobic exercise so as to understand how exercise intervened nervous aging through inflammation. In this study, we used D- galactose aging models, applying two intervention ways: aerobic exercise during aging process, after that, to explore the changes of astrocytes, microglia and TNF-α expression. This study aims to provide certain evidence that sport plays a role in anti-aging. Methods Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats at age of eight weeks, are randomly divided into five groups: control group(A), Aging group(S), Aging while exercising group(YS), After aging Quiet group(SA), After aging exercise group(SY). The aging groups were subcutaneously injected with D- galactose 150mg / kg / d for six weeks. Group YS do swimming exercise three times a week,once 60 minutes in the first six weeks. SY had same exercise intervention in the 7-12 week after injection. We took the hippocampus of rats in A, S, YS at the end of the sixth week, and of those in SA, SY at the end of twelfth week. tested the expression of GFAP, CD11b and TNF-α by immunohistochemical staining. Results 1.GFAP immunohistochemistry: Compared with group A,The expression of GFAP in group S, YS, SA and SY was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with group S, The expression of GFAP in group YS significantly decreased by 20.5% (P<0.01). There is no significant difference between group SA and SY(P > 0.05). 2.CD11b immunohistochemistry: Compared with group A, The expression of CD11b in group S, YS, SA and SY was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with group S, The expression of CD11b in group YS decreased by 18.4% (P < 0.05).There is no significant difference between group SA and SY(P > 0.05). 3.TNF-α Immunohistochemistry: Compared with group A,The expression of TNF-α in group S, YS, SA and SY was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with group S, The expression of TNF-α in group YS decreased by 30.1% (P < 0.01).There is no significant difference between group SA and SY(P > 0.05). Conclusions Exercise could effectively delay aging progression through improving neuroinflammation, but hard to reverse it, so the earlier in age to exercise, the better to delay aging.  

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of the Effect of Lactobacillus casei Obtained from Long-Lived Elderly on Blood Biochemical, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Markers, and on Gut Microbiota in Young Volunteers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3891
Author(s):  
Li-Hua Mei ◽  
Wen-Xuan Zheng ◽  
Zheng-Tao Zhao ◽  
Ning Meng ◽  
Qin-Ren Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Biochemical Indicators

Probiotic intake has been shown to improve certain physiological health indicators. We aimed to examine effects of Lactobacillus casei LTL1879, obtained from long-lived elderly volunteers, on blood biochemical, oxidative, and inflammatory markers and gut microbiota in twenty healthy, young volunteers. Volunteers were randomly divided into equal probiotic and placebo groups and changes in blood biochemical indicators, oxidative and inflammatory markers, and gut microbiota were examined after three weeks of probiotic intervention. The probiotic group’s antioxidant levels were significantly enhanced post-intervention. Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels were significantly increased (p < 0.0001), while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased (p < 0.05), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) levels increased, but with no significant difference. In addition, Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly up-regulated and down-regulated (p < 0.05, respectively). Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Bacteroides expression was significantly reduced (p < 0.05), while Clostridium leptum, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus expression increased (p < 0.05). Volunteer health status was quantified using principal components and cluster analysis, indicating that the probiotic group’s overall score was higher than that of the placebo group. The results of this pilot study suggest L. casei LTL 1879 can significantly improve specific immune, oxidative, and gut microbiota characteristics related to health factors.

The Effect of Exercise and Distraction on Blood Pressure Recovery Following an Anger-Provoking Stressor in Normotensive Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye S. Routledge ◽  
Judith A. McFetridge-Durdle ◽  
Marilyn Macdonald ◽  
Lynn Breau ◽  
Tavis Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
State Anger ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Anger Reactivity ◽  
Quiet Sitting

Ruminating about a prior anger provoking event is found to elevate blood pressure (BP) and delay BP recovery. Delayed BP recovery may be associated with increased risk of hypertension. Interventions that improve BP recovery may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the influence of rumination and anger on BP reactivity and recovery, to compare the effect of an exercise intervention or distraction intervention on BP recovery and to explore if exercise improved BP recovery by distracting participants from stressor-related rumination and anger. Healthy, normotensive participants (n = 79, mean age 22.2 ± 4.0 years) underwent an anger-recall interview stressor task, 3 min of exercise (walking), distraction (reading) or no-intervention (quiet sitting) and a 15 min recovery period. State anger reactivity was associated with Δ diastolic (D) BP reactivity and approached significance with Δ systolic (S) BP reactivity. Trait rumination was associated with greater SBP during recovery. Δ SBP recovery did not differ between the exercise, distraction and no-intervention groups. Although there were no differences in Δ DBP recovery between the exercise and no-intervention groups, distraction improved Δ DBP recovery compared to the exercise intervention but not the no-intervention. The proportion of anger-related thoughts (state rumination) in the exercise group did not differ from the distraction or no-intervention groups. However, a smaller proportion of participants in the distraction intervention reported an anger-related thought during recovery compared to the no-intervention group with 76% of their thoughts relating to the provided distraction. Overall, post-stressor exercise was not found to improve BP recovery while reading was effective at distracting individuals from angry thoughts (state rumination) but had no effect on BP compared to no-intervention.

scholarly journals Using the Life Story Book With Mentally Alert Residents of Nursing Homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 487-487
Author(s):  
Theresa Chrisman
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wilks Lambda ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Depression and lack of meaning in life (MIL) are common among residents of nursing homes (NHs) and contribute to a reduction in overall health and well-being. Life Story Book (LSB), a reminiscence intervention, is designed to provide a person with the opportunity to review their past and capture their life stories and photographs into a book. LSB has demonstrated positive outcomes for residents of NHs with dementia, yet little is known for residents without dementia. A switching replication design was used to examine the effects of LSB among 21 mentally alert residents from two NHs (NH-A and NH-B) in Houston, Texas. Participants in NH-A received three weeks of the LSB intervention, while NH-B received three weeks of care-as-usual; the intervention was then switched. The GDS-12R and the MIL questionnaire (MLQ) were used to measure depressive symptoms and MIL respectively. Participants from NH-A (n =11) and NH-B (n = 10) had a mean age of 75 years (SD =11.34); 81% female; 52% non-Hispanic white and 33% African American. Results from a one-way MANCOVA found no statistically significant difference on the GDS-12R and MLQ (F(3, 14) = 2.50, p = .102; Wilks’ Lambda = .652; η2 = .35). Further analyses comparing the pre-intervention and post-intervention scores for the entire sample (N =21) found a significant reduction in depressive symptoms (M = 2.67; SD = 2.52) and (M =1.67, SD = 2.29); (t (20) = 2.21, p = 0.039). The potential benefits of LSB for mentally alert residents of NHs warrants further research.

scholarly journals Effect of “Spatially Separated Speech in Noise Training” on speech perception in noise in children with bimodal fitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Lotfi ◽  
Mahdieh Hasanalifard ◽  
Abdollah Moossavi ◽  
Enayatollah Bakhshi ◽  
Mohammad Ajalloueyan
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recognition Ability

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training on the ability of speech perception in noise among bimodal fitting users. The assumption was that the rehabilitation can enhance spatial hearing and hence speech in noise perception. This study was an interventional study, with a pre/post-design. Speech recognition ability was assessed with the specific tests. After performing the rehabilitation stages in the intervention group, the speech tests were again implemented, and by comparing the pre- and post-intervention data, the effect of auditory training on the speech abilities was assessed. Twenty-four children of 8–12 years who had undergone cochlear implantation and continuously used bimodal fitting were investigated in two groups of control and intervention. Results The results showed a significant difference between the groups in different speech tests after the intervention, which indicated that the intervention group have improved more than the control group. Conclusion It can be concluded that “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training can improve the speech perception in noise in bimodal fitting users. In general, this rehabilitation method is useful for enhancing the speech in noise perception ability.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Experience of Helicobacter pylori Histology in a Large Sample of Subjects in Northern Italy

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone ◽  
Carlo Zurlo ◽  
Sharmila Fagoonee ◽  
Chiara Rosso ◽  
Angelo Armandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Signet Ring Cell ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Impact

Updated data about the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and its correlation with histological results are scarce. The aim of our study was to provide current data on the impact of H. pylori in a third-level endoscopy service. We performed a large, retrospective study analyzing the results of all histological samples of gastroscopy from the year 2019. In total, 1512 subjects were included. The prevalence of H. pylori was 16.8%. A significant difference between the prevalence in subjects born in Italy and those from eastern Europe, south America, or Africa was found (p < 0.0001, p = 0.006, and p = 0.0006, respectively). An association was found between H. pylori and active superficial gastritis (p < 0.0001). Current H. pylori and/or a previous finding of H. pylori was related to antral atrophy (p < 0.0001). Fifteen patients had low-grade dysplasia. There were no statistically significant associations with current or past H. pylori infection. One patient presented gastric cardia adenocarcinoma with regular gastric mucosa. One patient, H. pylori positive, was diagnosed with gastric signet ring cell adenocarcinoma in a setting of diffuse atrophy, without metaplasia.. Our study provides updated, solid (biopsy diagnosis and large population) data on the prevalence of H. pylori infection in a representative region of southern Europe.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular health indicators in soccer exercise during adolescence: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloyse Elaine Gimenes Nunes ◽  
Evelinn Amarilha Faria ◽  
Paula Felippe Martinez ◽  
Silvio Assis de Oliveira-Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Institute

Abstract This review analyzed the studies that evaluated cardiovascular health indicators (blood pressure, waist circumference, heart rate, glucose index and lipid blood) in recreational soccer players during adolescence, and identify possible associated factors. The search was performed in the electronic databases (PubMED, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science). Inclusion criteria were: population composed of children and/or adolescents (10–19 years or average age up to 19 years); studies adolescents engaged in recreational soccer regularly and observational studies with cross-sectional or longitudinal design. The process of analysis of studies involved reading titles, abstracts and full texts. After these phases, seven articles were eligible. Regarding the design, all studies were cross-sectional. Of the total studies included, five presented moderate methodological quality values and two presented low methodological quality values, according to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute instrument. The most cardiovascular health indicators used in recreational soccer players during adolescence was waist circumference; three studies analyzed heart rate, two evaluated blood pressure, one analyzed insulin resistance and none of the included studies analyzed lipid profile. Factors associated were analyzed in four studies, being that sedentary time and body mass index (BMI) present association with at least one indicator of cardiovascular health.

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