scholarly journals Superior haplotypes towards development of low glycemic index rice with preferred grain and cooking quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramchander Selvaraj ◽  
Arun Kumar Singh ◽  
Vikas Kumar Singh ◽  
Ragavendran Abbai ◽  
Sonali Vijay Habde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Low Glycemic Index ◽  
Trait Associations

AbstractIncreasing trends in the occurrence of diabetes underline the need to develop low glycemic index (GI) rice with preferred grain quality. In the current study, a diverse set of 3 K sub-panel of rice consisting of 150 accessions was evaluated for resistant starch and predicted glycemic index, including nine other quality traits under transplanted situation. Significant variations were noticed among the accessions for the traits evaluated. Trait associations had shown that amylose content possess significant positive and negative association with resistant starch and predicted glycemic index. Genome-wide association studies with 500 K SNPs based on MLM model resulted in a total of 41 marker-trait associations (MTAs), which were further confirmed and validated with mrMLM multi-locus model. We have also determined the allelic effect of identified MTAs for 11 targeted traits and found favorable SNPs for 8 traits. A total of 11 genes were selected for haplo-pheno analysis to identify the superior haplotypes for the target traits where haplotypes ranges from 2 (Os10g0469000-GC) to 15 (Os06g18720-AC). Superior haplotypes for RS and PGI, the candidate gene Os06g11100 (H4-3.28% for high RS) and Os08g12590 (H13-62.52 as intermediate PGI). The identified superior donors possessing superior haplotype combinations may be utilized in Haplotype-based breeding to developing next-generation tailor-made high quality healthier rice varieties suiting consumer preference and market demand.

scholarly journals Analysis of Genetic Potential of Banyuwangi Local Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Based on Relative Expression of Homogentisate Geranylgeranyl Transferase (HGGT) and Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I (GBSSI) Gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Dyati Galuh Pratita ◽  
Tita Putri Milasari ◽  
Elhah Nailul Khasna ◽  
Sunarmi Sunarmi ◽  
Evi Susanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Geranylgeranyl Transferase ◽  
High Amylose ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Rice nutrition including vitamin and amylose contents become important aspect for many people around the world. Rice with high amylose content (low glycemic index) is good for those with Diabetes mellitus. Tocotrienol, one precursor of Vitamin-E biosynthesis is catalyzed by enzymes encoded HGGT, while amylose biosynthesis is catalyzed by enzymes encoded GBSSI. The objective of this study was to find rice varieties with high tocotrienol and/or amylose content based on the expression of HGGT and GBSSI among eight Banyuwangi local rice varieties. Relative expression of HGGT and GBSSI was measured by qRT-PCR and analyzed using 2ΔCt method. Statistical analysis resulted in the significantly different of HGGT and GBSSI relative expression among samples. Relative expression of HGGT from the highest to the lowest were demonstrated by Hitam Melik, Hitam Pekat, Blambangan A3, Merah Bali, Blambangan A2, Berlian, Janur Kuning, and SOJ A3, respectively; while relative expression of GBSSI from the highest to the lowest were demonstrated by Hitam Melik, Hitam Pekat, SOJ A3, Janur Kuning, Berlian, Merah Bali, Blambangan A3, and Blambangan A2, respectively. Based on this research we conclude that Hitam Melik potentially produces higher tocotrienol and lower glycemic index than other studied varieties.

scholarly journals Grain Dimension, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Properties of Black and Red Varieties of Rice in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 903-923
Author(s):  
Mala Rajendran ◽  
Keerthana Ravi Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Prebiotic Activity ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Traditional colored rice varieties in India are the source of carbohydrates, phytochemicals and minerals. They facilitate the growth of probiotics in intestine and protect human from many chronic diseases. The present study investigated the nutritional properties such as total sugars, digestible sugars, resistant sugars, hydrolysis index, glycemic index and total proteins of thirteen colored varieties of rice in India. Nutraceutical properties like anti diabetic and prebiotic activity were investigated by standard methods. Chak hao poreiton and mappillai samba grains were 6.3 mm in length. Lowest length of 5.1 mm was recorded in 60 m Kuruvai. Among the rice varieties, mappillai samba has high concentration of digestible starch of 91% and Chak hao poreiton had low concentration of 62%. Resistant starch was 38% in Chak hao poreiton and 8% in mappillai samba. Lowest glycemic index of 52 and 53 were recorded in karuthakar poha and Chak hao poreiton respectively. Anthocyanin extracted from Chak hao poreiton inhibited 24% of human pancreatic α-amylase activity. It significantly increased the probiotic number from 0.15 CFU/mL to 1.95 CFU/mL. The study revealed that the black rice variety, Chak hao poreiton was rich in resistant starch and exhibited low glycemic index. The anthocyanins from Chak hao poreiton possessed significant antidiabetic and prebiotic activity. Molecular docking studies revealed the interaction of anthocyanin with pancreatic α-amylase, β-glucosidase and GLUT1.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Starch Hydrolysis for Glycemic Index Prediction of Rice Varieties

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Cristiana Pereira ◽  
Regina Menezes ◽  
Vanda Lourenço ◽  
Teresa Serra ◽  
Carla Brites
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Starch Hydrolysis ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Processing Technologies

Rice consumed as white cooked polished grain has been considered a high glycemic index (GI) food, particularly compared with other starchy foods. However, the GI levels of rice based food can vary among different rice types and food processing technologies. Rice GI variation can be affected by several factors, such as rice variety, the genetic background of rice as well as due to crop edaphoclimatic conditions. The main difference in rice starch composition that influences GI is the amylose content. Besides the chemical composition of rice, the gelatinization characteristics and food processing can also contribute to starch retrogradation, thus increasing the level of resistant starch with a great influence on GI. To understand the glycemic response of rice types differing in amylose and viscosity profiles, four rice samples were analyzed and compared with standard and resistant HI-MAIZE corn starches. An in vitro enzymatic starch hydrolysis procedure was applied to estimate GI. The results indicate substantial differences in the starch hydrolysis of the two corn starches. Starch hydrolysis tended to be more rapid and efficient for ‘Waxy’ and ‘Ceres’ (intermediate-amylose) rice types than for ‘Maçarico’ (high-amylose rice). In addition, the data show that the Maçarico variety has the lowest estimated GI and the highest retrogradation rate compared with ‘Waxy’, ‘Ceres’ and ‘Basmati’ type. The results obtained reinforce the importance of knowing amylose content and viscosity profiles for the prediction of rice glycemic responses.

scholarly journals Advances in Omics Approaches for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato

Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhi Chaudhary ◽  
Praveen Khatri ◽  
Pankaj Singla ◽  
Surbhi Kumawat ◽  
Anu Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Regulatory Networks ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Efficient Utilization

Tomato, one of the most important crops worldwide, has a high demand in the fresh fruit market and processed food industries. Despite having considerably high productivity, continuous supply as per the market demand is hard to achieve, mostly because of periodic losses occurring due to biotic as well as abiotic stresses. Although tomato is a temperate crop, it is grown in almost all the climatic zones because of widespread demand, which makes it challenge to adapt in diverse conditions. Development of tomato cultivars with enhanced abiotic stress tolerance is one of the most sustainable approaches for its successful production. In this regard, efforts are being made to understand the stress tolerance mechanism, gene discovery, and interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Several omics approaches, tools, and resources have already been developed for tomato growing. Modern sequencing technologies have greatly accelerated genomics and transcriptomics studies in tomato. These advancements facilitate Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and genomic selection (GS). However, limited efforts have been made in other omics branches like proteomics, metabolomics, and ionomics. Extensive cataloging of omics resources made here has highlighted the need for integration of omics approaches for efficient utilization of resources and a better understanding of the molecular mechanism. The information provided here will be helpful to understand the plant responses and the genetic regulatory networks involved in abiotic stress tolerance and efficient utilization of omics resources for tomato crop improvement.

scholarly journals The Glycemic Index and Organoleptic Test of Pekawai (Durio kutejensis) Chips

Pro Food ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Lestari ◽  
S. Purwayantie
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Flesh Color ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
Unpleasant Smell ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Pekawai fruit (Durio kutejensis) is one of the durian species that grows wild in the forests of West Kalimantan. It is known by its yellow-golden orange flesh color. It does not have an unpleasant smell and has non sticky flesh, which makes it attractive and has potential to be healthy snacks such as fruit chips. This research was conducted to find out consumer preference by doing organoleptic and glicemic index test. The glycemic index test has been done by 10 volunteers and organoleptic test conducted using scoring and hedonic methods with 35 panelists. Data analyzed with descriptive method. The results showed that pekawai chips has low glycemic index (12) and were liked by the panelists. The results showed that pekawai fruit, the exotic local fruit from West Kalimantan has big potential to be developed as a snack, which has high economic value and safe to be consumed by diabetics.   Keywords: glycemic index, pekawai, fruit, chips

scholarly journals Submergence Tolerance in Rice: Review of Mechanism, Breeding and, Future Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuff Oladosu ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Fatai Arolu ◽  
Samuel Chibuike Chukwu ◽  
Ismaila Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Submergence Tolerance ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Trait Locus

Flooding or submergence is one of the major environmental stressors affecting many man-made and natural ecosystems worldwide. The increase in the frequency and duration of heavy rainfall due to climate change has negatively affected plant growth and development, which eventually causes the death of plants if it persists for days. Most crops, especially rice, being a semi-aquatic plant, are greatly affected by flooding, leading to yield losses each year. Genetic variability in the plant response to flooding includes the quiescence scheme, which allows underwater endurance of a prolonged period, escape strategy through stem elongation, and alterations in plant architecture and metabolism. Investigating the mechanism for flooding survival in wild species and modern rice has yielded significant insight into developmental, physiological, and molecular strategies for submergence and waterlogging survival. Significant progress in the breeding of submergence tolerant rice varieties has been made during the last decade following the successful identification and mapping of a quantitative trait locus for submergence tolerance, designated as SUBMERGENCE 1 (SUB1) from the FR13A landrace. Using marker-assisted backcrossing, the SUB1 QTL (quantitative trait locus) has been incorporated into many elite varieties within a short time and with high precision as compared with conventional breeding methods. Despite the advancement in submergence tolerance, for future studies, there is a need for practical approaches exploring genome-wide association studies (GWA) and QTL in combination with specific tolerance traits, such as drought, salinity, disease and insect resistance.

scholarly journals Glycemic index studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties developed by ANGRAU

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
S. Divya Prasanna Kumari ◽  
G. Nirmala Devi ◽  
N. Chamundeswari
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gel Consistency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chemical Traits

Twenty popular rice varieties developed by ANGRAU obtained from Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Maruteru during Kharif – 2019, were screened for chemical quality traits viz., gel consistency, gelatinization temperature, amylose along with glycemic index.In our study, significant variation was observed among all the varieties for chemical traits but no significant variation was observed in case of glycemic index.The amylose content observed over the varieties ranged from 21.7 per cent to 24.73 per cent. All the varieties have intermediate amylose content. Gel consistency ranged from 37.67 (hard gel) to 75 (soft gel) with the mean of 52.57. The alkali spreading value was noticed to be low, intermediate and high among all rice varieties.Glycemic index rangedfrom 56.72 -66.43 with a general mean of 60.67. Furthermore, all the varieties were categorized as medium GI varieties (56-69). Among all the varieties, Pushyami has shown the least value (56.72) for glycemic index.From the present investigation, it is concluded that, Rice varieties such as Chandra, Indra, Sri Dhruthi, Swarna, Samba Mahsuri, Sujatha, Maruteru Samba, MaruteruMahsuri recorded intermediate amylose, alkali spreading value and medium GI, which are desirable for rice consumers while counting for better rice with the best quality and glycemic index.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document