scholarly journals Heat-tolerant hot pepper exhibits constant photosynthesis via increased transpiration rate, high proline content and fast recovery in heat stress condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo Young Chae ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Heat Tolerant

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

scholarly journals Heat-tolerant Hot Pepper Exhibits Constant Photosynthesis Via Increased 4 Transpiration Rate, High Proline Content and Fast Recovery in Heat Stress 5 Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo Young Chae ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Understanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

scholarly journals Effect of Late Seeding Warmer Condition on Phenology and Yield of Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
S Sharmin ◽  
MA Hasan ◽  
S Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Heat Susceptibility Index ◽  
Hot Environments

Four wheat variety/genotype (BARI Gom-26, BAW-1202, BAW-1182 and BARI Gom-27) were tested under three heat stress regimes (normal, moderate and severe) to evaluate the effect of late seeding warmer condition on phenology and yield of wheat, as well as to identify suitable cultivars to develop heat-tolerant genotypes at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during November, 2016 to April, 2017. Results revealed that genotype BAW-1182 and BAW-1202 showed greater thermostability of cell membrane with acceptable yield performance under heat stress condition. The order of tolerance based on heat susceptibility index (based on grain yield) was BAW-1182>BAW-1202>BARI Gom-27>BARI Gom-26 under heat stress conditions. Thus, BAW-1182 and BAW-1202 have the greatest potential to be used as high-yielding wheat genotypes under warm to hot environments and could be used in a breeding programme to develop heat-tolerant wheat. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 13-23

scholarly journals Accumulated Heat Unit and Phenology of Wheat Cultivars as Influenced by Late Sowing Heat Stress Condition

1970 ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Heat Unit ◽  
Key Words Wheat ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Late Sowing

Accumulated heat unit and phenology of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were studied under normal and late sowing heat stress conditions by seeding them on November 30 and December 30, 2006. November 30 sowing was considered as normal sowing condition, whereas December 30 sowing was regarded as late sowing heat stress condition. Four heat tolerant wheat cultivars, Gourab, Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi and two heat sensitive cultivars, Sonora and Kalyansona were used as study materials. The results indicated that the number of days required to attain different phenological stages with late growing condition. For all the phenological stages plants of normal sowing condition needed higher heat units than the late sowing condition. At the earlier phenological stages phenothermal indices decreased with late sowing compared to normal sowing but increased at the later stages. At normal sowing condition all the cultivars showed higher heat use efficiencies compared to late sowing condition. The heat tolerant cultivars, Gourab, Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi exihited better performance in phenology, growing degree day, helio-thermal unit and finally used heat more efficiently than the heat sensitive cultivars, Sonora and Kalyansona. Key words: Wheat, phenology and heat use efficiency. DOI: 10.3329/jard.v7i1.4422 J Agric Rural Dev 7(1&2), 57-64, June 2009

scholarly journals Evaluation of seedling proline content of wheat genotypes in relation to heat tolerance

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
JU Ahmed ◽  
MA Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Membrane Injury ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Seedling of 20 wheat genotypes were grown in Phytotron at about 25 and 35°C for measuring membrane injury in per cent and seedling proline content to investigate seedling proline as screening criterion against heat stress. The wheat genotypes (Bijoy, Sufi, Kanchan, Fang 60, BAW 1059, BL 1883, BL 1022, IVT 7, IVT 8, IVT 9, IVT 10 and BAW 917) showing < 50% membrane injury were grouped as heat tolerant (HT) and the genotypes (Shatabdi, Prodip, BAW 1064, Gourab, Pavon 76, Sonora, Kalyansona and IVT 6) showing ≥ 50% membrane injury were classified as heat sensitive (HS). At high temperature (35°C) the HT genotypes produced more than double (> 200%) proline than that of 25°C but the HS genotypes produced less quantity of proline at 35°C compared to that in HT genotypes. The seedling proline content at 35°C and membrane injury (%) maintained a significant negative correlation (r = – 0.619**) across the 20 wheat genotypes tested. Key words: Membrane thermostability; Seedling proline; Heat tolerance; Wheat DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i1.7991 Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(1): 17-22, 2011 (June)

The effect of duration of heat stress during grain filling on two wheat varieties differing in heat tolerance: grain growth and fractional protein accumulation

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Stone ◽  
M.E. Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Very High ◽  
Individual Kernel

Two varieties of wheat differing in heat tolerance were exposed to very high temperature (40/19°C day/night) for periods of 1–10 days duration. Responses of grain dry matter, water and fractional protein accumulation to high temperature were monitored throughout grain filling in the heat- sensitive variety, and at maturity only in the heat-tolerant variety. Results are compared with controls maintained at 21/16°C day/night. As little as 1 day of heat treatment reduced kernel mass by 14% in the heat-sensitive variety (Oxley), but by only 5% in the heat-tolerant variety (Egret). In both varieties, the reduction of individual kernel mass due to high temperature increased linearly with increased duration of heat treatment, such that after the first day of heat stress, each additional day of treatment reduced mature individual kernel mass by a further 1.6%. For a given duration of heat treatment, the difference in response of the two varieties was constant (9%), indicating that the varietal difference in heat tolerance was maintained for both brief and extended periods of very high temperature. Responses of grain water content and fractional protein accumulation to duration of heat stress are discussed.

scholarly journals PSV-1 Effects of dietary oils on nutrient digestibility in the growing pigs under heat stress condition.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
W Yun ◽  
J Lee ◽  
C Lee ◽  
W Kwak ◽  
H Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dietary Oils ◽  
Heat Stress Condition

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment on Physiological and Recovery Growth Status of Two Tomato Cultivars With Different Heat Susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo-Young Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Heat Tolerant

High temperature seriously effects on plant vegetative and reproductive development and reduces productivity of plants, while to increase crop yield is the main target in most crop heat stress tolerance improvement breeding programs, not just survival, under high temperature. Our aim was to compare temperature stress tolerance in two commercial tomato cultivars &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; (big fruit size) and &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; (cherry fruit size) to develop early screening methods and find out survival rate and physiological responses of tomato cultivars on high temperature (40&deg;C and within 70% RH, day/night) in 4-5 true leaf seedling stage- (4LS) and identifies the linkage of heat tolerance with fruit set and leaf heat damage rates (LHD) in seedling stage with subsequent vegetative traits at recovery. Results showed that heat stress significantly affected on physiological-chemical and vegetative parameters of seedlings regardless of tomato cultivars. Survival and the threshold level of high temperature tolerance in the seedlings of cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; and &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; were identified on days 7 and 9, respectively. Our findings revealed that photosynthesis (PN, Gs, Ci, Tr) parameters were increased and CHL content persisted steady value in cv. &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; during heat stress period, however EC and RPL rates were lower than cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo;. Heat stress reduced the SFW in both cultivars in seedling stage, but PH and RFW were significantly decreased in the heat tolerant cv. &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo;, whereas this parameters were not significantly ranged in the heat susceptible cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo;. Additionally, there no found linkage between vegetative parameters with decreasing of PN and CHL rates during HT of seedlings. In plants of cv. &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; with LHD-25, 50 and 75% were no found significant differences in PH, whereas in cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; significant differences were determined in plants with LHD-75%, and the significant differences in rates of SFW and RFW were observed in plants of cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; having LHD-75% for 28 days of recovery at NT condition. Taken together, we concluded that heat stress affected on physiological parameters regardless of tolerance level, and to identify heat tolerant genotype in tomato breeding program, screening and selection genotypes have to be evaluated at the vegetative and reproductive stages with consideration fruit size types. Since we could not find linkage between heat tolerances in seedling stage with fruit set at the reproductive stage and fruit set cannot be used as a general predictor of heat tolerance.

scholarly journals Hydroxy-Selenomethionine Improves the Selenium Status and Helps to Maintain Broiler Performances under a High Stocking Density and Heat Stress Conditions through a Better Redox and Immune Response

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Hua Sun ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Zi-Jian Xu ◽  
Michele De Marco ◽  
Mickael Briens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Heat Stress Condition

This study has determined whether hydroxy-selenomethionine (OH-SeMet) exerts a better protective action on broilers against environmental stress than sodium selenite (SS) or seleno-yeast (SY). Day-old male Cobb 500 broilers (12 cages/diet, 9 broilers/cage) were fed a selenium (Se)-deficient diet (0.047 mg/kg) supplemented with SS, SY or OH-SeMet at 0.3 mg Se/kg under a high stocking density and heat stress condition for six weeks. OH-SeMet improved the FCR and Se concentration in the tissues than SS and SY. SY and OH-SeMet both reduced the serum cortisol, T3, IL-6, IgA, IgM and LPS, more than SS, while only OH-SeMet further increased IL-10 and IgG. SY and OH-SeMet improved the intestinal morphology and increased the T-AOC, TXRND, SELENON and OCCLUDIN activities but decreased CLAUDIN2 in the jejunum than SS, while OH-SeMet further improved these values than SY. SY and OH-SeMet both increased SELENOS and TXNRD2 in the muscles than SS, and OH-SeMet further raised T-AOC, GPX4, SELENOP, SELENOW and TXNRD1, and reduced malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in the muscles than SS and SY. OH-SeMet showed a better ability to maintain the performance and the redox and immune status of broilers under a high stocking density and heat stress challenge than SS and SY.

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